Hydrocarbons Part 2
1
2
7
8
13
14
19
20
Nat 5
4
5
9
10
11
15
16
3
21
22
17
23
6
12
18
What type of carbon to carbon
bonds are present in the alkanes
and the cycloalkanes
Single - saturated
What type of carbon to carbon bond is
present in the alkenes
C=C unsaturated
Describe the chemical test to
distinguish an unsaturated alkene
from a saturated alkane/cycloalkane.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons
(alkenes) decolourise bromine
Name the type of reaction which takes place when an
unsaturated alkene reacts with bromine,
hydrogen or water
ADDITION
Name the product of the reaction
between butene and hydrogen
BUTANE
Name the type of chemical reaction
taking place.
C5H10
+
Br2
C5H10Br2
Addition
What is meant by cracking?
Breaking large
hydrocarbons into
smaller, more useful ones.
Apart from speeding up the
reaction suggest another reason
why a catalyst is used in cracking.
Lower temperatures
are used
Name the new homologous series
produced by cracking long chain
hydrocarbons.
Alkenes
Name the method of producing ethanol
from glucose.
Fermentation
What is used as a catalyst in
fermentation?
An enzyme in yeast
Why is there a limit to the alcohol
concentration produced by
fermentation?
The alcohol kills the yeast.
Name the process used to increase
the ethanol concentration in ‘spirit’
drinks.
Distillation
Name the method of producing
industrial ethanol.
Hydration of ethene - adding
water onto ethene
C2H4 + H2O
C2H5OH
What can ethanol be mixed with to
provide a fuel for cars?
Petrol
Which plant is ethanol obtained from for
use as a source of energy?
Sugar cane
Is ethanol an renewable or nonrenewable source of energy?
RENEWABLE
Name the type of chemical reaction
which takes place when esters are
formed.
Condensation
Name the two different types of
compounds which react together to
form a ester.
An alcohol and a
carboxylic acid.
Name the type of chemical
reaction which is taking place.
H H H O
C
C
H H
H
H C
C
OH
HO
H
C
C
H
H H
H H H O
C
C
H H
H
H C
H
C
O
H
H
C
C
H
H H
CONDENSATION
+
H2 O
Name the ester produced from
methanol and propanoic acid
Methyl propanoate
Ethanol and methanoic acid
ethyl methanoate
Name the type of chemical reaction
which takes when an ester is broken
down into its parent acid and alcohol.
HYDROLYSIS
Name the alcohol and carboxylic acid
produced when ethyl butanoate is
hydrolysis.
H H H O
C
C
H H
H
H C
C
H H
O C
C H
H H
Ethanol and butanoic acid