Brain parts
1.
Functions
Cerebral hemisphere
1. speech, memory, logical and emotional response, consciousness, interpretation of
(cerebrum or cerebral cortex) sensation, voluntary movement
2.
Diencephalon
2. part of “main brain” between two cerebral hemispheres atop the brain stem;
includes thalamus, third ventricle, hypothalamus
3.
Midbrain
3. small portion of brain stem; holds the cerebral aqueduct which connects third
ventricle to fourth ventricle
4.
Cerebellum
4. looks like cauliflower; “small brain”; provides timing for skeletal muscles, controls
balance and equilibrium
5.
Brain Stem
5. includes midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata; provides autonomic survival
behaviors
6.
Frontal lobe
6. primary motor area
7.
Parietal lobe
7. sensory receptors for pain, coldness, light touch
8.
Occipital lobe
8. visual area (special sense)
9.
Temporal lobe
9. olfactory (smell) sense
10.
Corpus callosum
10. large fiber tract that connects left and right cerebral hemispheres together
11.
Thalamus
11. relay station for sensory impulses; tells us if something will feel good or bad
12.
Ventricles
12. two lateral (right and left hemispheres), third, and fourth; cavities within the
brain; Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) circulates from two lateral into the third, through
cerebral aqueduct into fourth.
13.
Hypothalamus
13. regulated body temperature, water balance, metabolism; affects drives and
emotions
14.
Mammillary body
14. assist with sense of smell
15.
Pons
15. control of breathing
16.
Medulla oblongata
16. most inferior part of brain stem; controls heart rate, blood pressure, breathing,
swallowing, vomiting, etc.
17.
Skin of scalp
17. protection of brain
18.
Bone of skull
18. protection of brain
19.
Dura mater
19. outermost layer of connective tissue membrane around brain
20.
Arachnoid mater
20. middle layer of connective tissue membrane around brain; looks like spider webs
21.
Pia mater
21. delicate membrane directly covering brain