Acids and Bases
Names and Formulas
Binary Acids
• Binary acids are made of two ions.
The first ion (cation) is always H+.
Change hydrogen to hydroReplace the ending, –ide, on the second ion
(anion) with –ic.
Naming Binary Acids
Example:
Formula: HCl
H+
hydrogen
= hydro-
Cl-
chloride
= chloric
hydro-chlor-ic
hydrochloric acid
Writing Binary Inorganic
Acid Formulas
• The first ion (cation) is always
hydrogen, H+.
• The second ion (anion) is usually from
Group VII A (halogen).
• Exception: Group VIA - S (sulfur).
Binary Acid Formula
Example: hydroiodic acid
cation
H+
Formula: HI
anion
I-
Oxyacids
Oxyacids contain hydrogen, oxygen and a
third element (usually a nonmetal).
The first ion (cation) is always H+
The second ion (anion) is a polyatomic
ion.
Naming Oxyacids I
• If the anion name ends in
–ate, the suffix –ic is added to
the root name.
Example: HNO3
H+ NO3NO3- , is the anion.
nitrate,
Replace –ate with –ic
nitric
Add “acid”
= nitric acid
HNO3
Naming Oxyacid Acids II
• If the anion name ends in
–ite, the suffix –ous is added
to the root name.
One less oxygen?
HNO2
NO2- , is the anion.
Replace –ite with –ous
Add “acid”
nitrite,
= nitrous
= nitrous acid
HNO2
Try These
1. H2SO4
2. H2SO3
Example: H2SO4
• SO42- = sulfate ion
• Replace –ate with –ic
Add “acid”
S = sulfur
= sulfuric
= sulfuric acid
H2SO4
One less oxygen?
H2SO3
SO32- = sulfite ion
Replace –ite with –ous
Add “acid”
S = sulfur
= sulfurous
= sulfurous acid
H2SO3
Writing Oxyacid
Formulas
• The first ion (cation) is always
hydrogen, H+.
• The second ion (anion) is a polyatomic
ion.
Writing an Oxyacid
Formula
Example: phosphoric acid
cation
anion
H+
PO43Formula = H3PO4
Naming Inorganic Bases
Don’t change the name of the lst ion.
The last name of a base will always be hydroxide.
Examples:
NaOH
(NH4)OH
= sodium hydroxide
= ammonium hydroxide
Writing Formula for an
Inorganic Base
Example: zinc hydroxide
cation
anion
Zn2+
OH-
Formula:
Zn(OH)2
Name the Acids
Put in Classwork/Homework Notebook
1. HF
5. HClO3
2. HBr
6. HIO4
3. HC2H3O2
7. HIO3
4. H2S
8. HIO2
Write formulas for the
acids
Put in your Classwork/Homework Notebook.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Hydrosulfuric acid
Carbonic acid
Hypochlorous acid
Hypoiodous acidd
Perchloric
Chlorous acid
Naming Bases
Put in Classwork/Homework Notebook
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
LiOH
KOH
RbOH
Ca(OH)2
Sr(OH)2
6. Ba(OH)2
7. Al(OH)3
8. Fe(OH)3
9. CsOH
Write Formulas for
Bases
Put in your Classwork/Homework
Notebook.
1. Chromium (III) hydroxide
2. Mercury(II) hydroxide
3. Nickel (II) hydroxide
4. Tin (II) hydroxide
5. Cobalt (III) hydroxide
Answer Check
Be prepared to share answers in class
tomorrow.