2
Al-Muthanna Al-Ani and Raffin Blackadder
Coral Reefs Around the World
1
What are coral reefs?
A coral reef is an ocean habitat. It is in warm, shallow
water, about 60-70 meters deep. 4
5
5
Coral Reefs are made from an animal called a coral
polyp. They are tiny organisms that live in colonies.
When they die they leave behind a hard, limestone
substance. This is what makes the coral.3
Types of Coral Reefs
 Fringing reefs are reefs that are in the
ocean off the coast of land. They grow
in shallow water. 3
17
 Barrier reefs grow off shorelines, but
farther out. Between the land and
these reefs is deep water (a lagoon).
They are called barrier reefs because
they form a barrier between the
lagoon and the ocean. 3
18
 Coral Atolls are rings of coral that
grow on top of old, sunken volcanoes
in the ocean. They start as fringe reefs
around islands made from volcanoes.
When the volcano sinks, the reef
keeps growing. Finally, the volcano
sinks all the way, and all that is left is
the reef. 3
19
Animals of the Coral Reefs
8
21
• Many kinds of sharks
• Many kinds of fish
• Turtles
• Crustaceans
• Corals
• Many other animals
13
20
9
Animal Adaptations
Scorpion fish adapt to the coral
reef by camouflage (blending
into the background of the
coral). 12
12
10
The clown fish is adapted
to the coral reef because
the anemone protects the
clown fish. This is a
symbiotic relationship. If
the clown fish moves it
will rapidly adapt to the
reef or the home. It will
stay in a rock or a coral
hole.11
Plants of the Coral Reef and their
Adaptations
16
28
There are two main kinds of plants in coral reefs: sea grasses and algae. These
plants are adapted to live on the coral reef because the reefs are in the shallow parts
of the ocean, where they get a lot of sunlight. 22
Plants are the most important part of the coral reef biome. They have a symbiotic
relationship with the coral. Plants provide the food to the coral by photosynthesis.
22
Harmful Fishing Methods
Harmful fishing methods are things like bombing the reef
and poisoning fishes in the reef. 5
24
23
Not only does it effect the environment by destroying the
reef, but also by killing all kinds of reef organisms, not just
the type of animal that the fishermen are hunting.5
Overfishing
25
Overfishing is when fishermen fish a lot for one certain
kind of fish.
Overfishing will effect other fish by, when 1 fish comes
off the food chain, this will make other fish not have
enough food. It might also make other kinds of fish or
plants breed more, unbalancing the ecosystem.6,7
Overfishing
=
26
6
27
14
15
Why do we do this?
6,7
Overfishing
Fishing methods
People overfish because it
makes lots of money. It is
bad because, in the short
term, you will get alot of fish.
However, in the long term,
you will lose the fish in that
area for good.
People use harmful fishing
methods because it is a way to
catch lots of fish fast, and this
means fast money. It is bad
because it destroys coral reefs
and kills animals. In the short
term you get fast fish and fast
money. In the long term you will
lose not only all the fish in the
area, but all the other animals
that live in the reef, and the
coral reef will die too.
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