Výukový materiál EK 01 - 10
Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková
Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan Smejkal
Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů
Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005
Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR
Basic Ecological Concepts
Ecology
• Ecology is the science which deals with the
relationships between organisms and their
environment and the organisms themselves.
Ecology
• interdisciplinary branch of science
• as an independent discipline in the 20th
century
a founder- E. Haeckel - 1886
Division of ecology by content
• general ecology – generalizes ecological
phenomena
• special ecology - studies different groups of
organisms
Special ecology
• according to a group of organisms
• according to ecological relationships
• according to the environment for organisms
Division of ecology
by ecological relationships
• autecology –individual species
• demecology – population
• synecology - communities, ecosystems
Ecological concepts
• biotop - a place that provides living conditions
for all organisms
• a habitat - location - clearly defined location
• the range - the geographical area of the
species on Earth
Ecological concepts
• population - a set of individuals of the same
species living in a certain place at a certain
time
• biocenosis - a community - a collection of
individuals of different species in a given
habitat
Ecological concepts
• ecosystem - a set of organisms and their
environment
• an ecological niche - the place and functional
classification of organisms in an ecosystem
Ecological concepts
• a biome - a set of similar ecosystems
• a biosphere - the global sum of all ecosystems
on Earth
Living conditions
• abiotic – consisted of inanimate nature
• biotic - consisted of animate nature
Worksheet - review
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What does the ecology deal with?
What is an interdisciplinary science?
What does the special ecology deal with?
Explain the concepts – a population, a
community.
• How do you divide the conditions of life?
Sources
• PAPÁČEK, Miroslav a kol. Zoologie. Praha: pedagogické nakladatelství,
2000, ISBN 80-7183-203-0.
• KVASNIČKOVÁ, Danuše. Základy ekologie. Praha: Scientia,spol.s r.o., 1994,
ISBN 80-85827-84-0