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Informative
Speaking
Introduction to Informative Speaking
Effective Informative Speaking
Sample Informative Speech
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Informative Speaking > Introduction to Informative Speaking
Introduction to Informative Speaking
• Defining an Informative Speech
• Types of Informative Speeches
• Subjects of Informative Speeches
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Informative Speaking > Introduction to Informative Speaking
Defining an Informative Speech
• This type of speech uses descriptions, demonstrations, vivid detail, and definitions
to explain a subject, person, or place the audience wants to understand.
• An informative speech makes a complex topic easy to understand or offers a
different point of view.
• Unlike persuasive speeches, an informative speech relies less on pathos and
more on communicating information.
Types of Receivables
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Informative Speaking > Introduction to Informative Speaking
Types of Informative Speeches
• A descriptive speech helps the speaker create an accurate mental picture in the
mind of the audience regarding a specific person, place, or thing.
• A demonstrative speech describes how to perform an action.
• An explanatory speech explains the state of a topic.
• A definition speech explains a concept or theory regarding a topic.
Temple of Concordia
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Informative Speaking > Introduction to Informative Speaking
Subjects of Informative Speeches
• When choosing a subject of an informative speech consider whether you want to
describe, explain, demonstrate or educate the audience about the topic.
• The subject of an informative speech should be one that can be communicated
clearly to an audience.
• When choosing a subject for an informative speech, consider what is the essential
information that an audience should know about that subject.
Lectures
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Effective Informative Speaking
• The Goals of an Informative Speech
• Scoping Your Speech
• Tailor Complexity to Your Audience
• Demonstrate the Relevance of the Topic
• Make Connections
• Tailor Abstraction to Your Audience
• Make It Memorable
• Utilizing Devices to Enhance Audience Understanding
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
The Goals of an Informative Speech
• One of the goals of an informative speech is to enhance the understanding of the
audience.
• Another goal of an informative speech is to maintain the interest of the audience.
• A final goal of an informative speech is for the audience to remember the speech.
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Scoping Your Speech
• Every piece of information in a speech should relate to the speech topic, purpose,
and thesis simultaneously.
• Audiences have a hard time following or understanding speeches that are too
broad in scope (that is, speeches that include too much irrelevant or tangential
information).
• By keeping all of the information relevant as he or she develops your speech, the
speaker's job becomes easier by keeping all supporting information on point.
Scope Out a Specific Target
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Tailor Complexity to Your Audience
• Consider the audience that will be hearing your speech.
• Tailoring the complexity of the speech to your audience means considering how
best they receive information.
• Considering how much information your audience already knows should help you
tailor the complexity of your speech.
An audience listens to a speech at a conference
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Demonstrate the Relevance of the Topic
• You can make a topic relevant by choosing a timely topic.
• Another way to make a topic relevant is to tell the audience why they should care
about the particular subject of your speech.
• Making a topic relevant for your audience increases the likelihood that they will
remember the information contained in your speech.
Theodore Roosevelt giving a campaign speech
in 1912.
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Make Connections
• Make connections among your ideas so you can connect the ideas into
meaningful groups for your main points.
• Make connections between your interests and the audience interests to motivate
attention during your speech.
• Make connections with transitions to show relationships and join ideas together.
• Make connections with signpost transitions to help the audience organize ideas
by numbering the main points, such as first, second, etc.
• Make connections by using previews before main points and use internal
summaries to connect one idea to what is coming next.
A switchboard staff making connections in 1979
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Tailor Abstraction to Your Audience
• The ability to simplify experiences with a word makes it easier to communicate,
but it also makes us lose the connection to the specific meaning that we want to
convey through the abstract wording.
• When you want the audience to make a concrete connection to their direct
experience, remember to come down to earth on the the abstraction ladder. You
can move up the ladder again to talk about boarder concepts.
• Your objective when choosing words is not to avoid abstract general words
altogether, but rather to avoid using them when your audience needs more
specific,concrete connections to what you are saying.
Ladder
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Make It Memorable
• Use visual aids to help make your speech memorable.
• Repeat key points of your speech to make it more memorable.
• Making your speech memorable is important because it increases the likelihood
that the audience will walk away informed.
An audience clapping at a conference
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Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking
Utilizing Devices to Enhance Audience Understanding
• Visual aids such as graphs, handouts, slide show presentations, and objects can
help audiences understand complicated subjects. Many people learn visually and
need information provided in this context, as well as orally, to enhance learning.
• A podium can help the presenter provide the audience with necessary information
on a topic by offering a place for the speaker to have cue cards or scripts.
• A microphone is a good way to make sure that everyone in the audience hears
the presentation properly. Wireless headsets allow the speaker to amplify the
presentation while moving about the audience or reviewing visual aids.
• A video screen is a good way to make sure the audience can see the entire
presentation in a large venue.
Visual Aid
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Informative Speaking > Sample Informative Speech
Sample Informative Speech
• Sample Informative Speech
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Informative Speaking > Sample Informative Speech
Sample Informative Speech
• In the late hours of May 1, 2011, President Barack Obama gathered in the East
Room of the White House to address America and the world that Al Qaeda's
highest commander, Osama bin Laden, had been killed via military actions in
Pakistan.
• President Obama gives context by describing the events of September 11, 2001
and bin Laden's instrumental role in that day's events.
• The President shares some details on international intelligence gathering on bin
Laden's current location as well as the decision-making process to proceed with
the military operation on the bin Laden compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan.
• The President's speech is largely focused on events and processes, two
President Obama's informational speech on the
death of Osama bin Laden
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examples of informative speeches. He describes the events of September 11,
2001 and the military operation on May 1, 2011 as well as the process of how that
military operation was carried out.
• The President concludes his speech by thanking the many people involved in the
locating and killing of Osama bin Laden, as well as the patience and resolve of
the American people in the years since September 11, 2001.
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Appendix
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Informative Speaking
Key terms
• abstraction The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities.
• complexity The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement.
• connection The point at which two or more things are connected; a feeling of understanding and ease of communication
between two or more people.
• definition A statement expressing the essential nature of something; formulation.
• definition A statement expressing the essential nature of something; formulation.
• description A sketch or account of anything in words; a portraiture or representation in language; an enumeration of the
essential qualities of a thing or species.
• excerpt A clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work such as a news article, a film, a literary composition, or other
media.
• firefight A skirmish involving an exchange of gunfire.
• goal A result that one is attempting to achieve.
• inform To communicate knowledge to others.
• informative Providing knowledge, especially useful or interesting information.
• intelligence A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or
about hostile activities.
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Informative Speaking
• memorable Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable.
• podium A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra, preaching at a pulpit, or delivering a speech.
• relevant Not out of date; current.
• scope The extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with or to which it is relevant.
• signpost A particular type of transition in the form of a brief statement that indicates where the speaker is in the speech, such
as "first" and "finally," or that calls attention to a key idea, such as "now remember this."
• subject A particular area of study.
• transitions Words or phrases that allow the reader to understand how adjacent parts of a communication are connected.
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Informative Speaking
An audience clapping at a conference
Making your informative speech memorable increases the likelihood that your audience will retain its information.
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Informative Speaking
Scope Out a Specific Target
Every piece of information in a speech should be relevant to the topic, purpose and thesis. If it's only a tangent, it doesn't belong in the speech.
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Informative Speaking
A switchboard staff making connections in 1979
In your speech, you should make connections between pieces of information for your audience.
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Informative Speaking
President Obama's informational speech on the death of Osama bin Laden
President Barack Obama informs the American people and the world on the death of Al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden.
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Wikimedia. "Barack Obama annoucing Osama mission." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Barack_Obama_annoucing_Osama_mission.jpg
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Informative Speaking
An audience listens to a speech at a conference
Tailor the complexity of your speech to the specific audience you will be delivering it to.
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Informative Speaking
Theodore Roosevelt giving a campaign speech in 1912.
Teddy Roosevelt was a great speaker
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Wikimedia. "Roosevelt on the Stump, 1912." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roosevelt_on_the_Stump,_1912.JPG View on Boundless.com
Informative Speaking
Temple of Concordia
A demonstrative speech creates a mental image in the mind of the audience.
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Informative Speaking
Lectures
A lecture is one type of informative speech.
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Informative Speaking
Erik Möller speaking about a visual redesign of WikiProject main pages in his presentation on 'The purposedriven social network: Supporting WikiProjects with technology' at Wikimania 2012.
An informative speech is one that aims to inform the audience about a given topic.
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Wikimedia. "Erik Möller." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Erik_M%25C3%25B6ller;_WikiProjects_page_visual_redesign,_%2527The_purposedriven_social_network_-_Supporting_WikiProjects_with_technology%2527_presentation;_Wikimania_2012.JPG.JPG View on Boundless.com
Informative Speaking
Visual Aid
These speakers at the re:publica XI visual language conference are showcasing their designs using a large-screen digital projector.
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Informative Speaking
Ladder
Think of abstraction as a ladder: the most specific, direct experiences are at the bottom and each step above is more abstract.
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Informative Speaking
Types of Receivables
Classifying receivables...
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Informative Speaking
In an informative speech it is a good idea to
A) rely on pathos to convince the audience by appealing to their
emotions.
B) speak on a subject that your audience already has background
knowledge about.
C) All of these answers.
D) use visual aids to give the audience a visual representation of
information in the speech.
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Informative Speaking
In an informative speech it is a good idea to
A) rely on pathos to convince the audience by appealing to their
emotions.
B) speak on a subject that your audience already has background
knowledge about.
C) All of these answers.
D) use visual aids to give the audience a visual representation of
information in the speech.
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
A demonstration speech
A) explains the meaning, theory, or philosophy of a topic.
B) explains how to do something in a step-by-step manner, sometimes
including visualizations.
C) creates a vivid picture in a person's mind of an object, person, animal,
or place.
D) gives a description of the state of a given topic.
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Informative Speaking
A demonstration speech
A) explains the meaning, theory, or philosophy of a topic.
B) explains how to do something in a step-by-step manner, sometimes
including visualizations.
C) creates a vivid picture in a person's mind of an object, person, animal,
or place.
D) gives a description of the state of a given topic.
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Informative Speaking
If you are preparing an informative speech about a famous actor,
you should
A) explain his biography and name the movies he's appeared in.
B) talk about the controversy surrounding his personal life and express
your opinion.
C) give your reviews of his movies.
D) All of these answers.
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Informative Speaking
If you are preparing an informative speech about a famous actor,
you should
A) explain his biography and name the movies he's appeared in.
B) talk about the controversy surrounding his personal life and express
your opinion.
C) give your reviews of his movies.
D) All of these answers.
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Informative Speaking
To make sure the information in a speech is remembered by the
audience, the speaker should
A) use careful organization.
B) All of these answers.
C) use specific repetition of key words or phrases.
D) use focused visualizations.
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Informative Speaking
To make sure the information in a speech is remembered by the
audience, the speaker should
A) use careful organization.
B) All of these answers.
C) use specific repetition of key words or phrases.
D) use focused visualizations.
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Informative Speaking
An informative speech should have a narrow and specific scope
because
A) evidence and supporting arguments should be related tangentially.
B) it benefits the speaker by making his/her statements more credible to
the audience.
C) it challenges the audience to retain a lot of information; audiences
appreciate being challenged.
D) when the audience is left wondering what the speaker wanted to
communicate, it fosters discussion.
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Informative Speaking
An informative speech should have a narrow and specific scope
because
A) evidence and supporting arguments should be related tangentially.
B) it benefits the speaker by making his/her statements more credible to
the audience.
C) it challenges the audience to retain a lot of information; audiences
appreciate being challenged.
D) when the audience is left wondering what the speaker wanted to
communicate, it fosters discussion.
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Informative Speaking
You are planning a speech about social networking including a
detailed discussion of code and new programming languages.
Which audience is this speech best suited to?
A) College students
B) High school students in an accelerated program
C) Software engineers
D) Market researchers
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Informative Speaking
You are planning a speech about social networking including a
detailed discussion of code and new programming languages.
Which audience is this speech best suited to?
A) College students
B) High school students in an accelerated program
C) Software engineers
D) Market researchers
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following would be a good speech topic for a mixed
audience of today?
A) How new touch screen technology can benefit Alzheimer's patients
B) 19th Century English literature
C) Hairstyles of the 1980s
D) How the Pony Express revolutionized communication in America
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following would be a good speech topic for a mixed
audience of today?
A) How new touch screen technology can benefit Alzheimer's patients
B) 19th Century English literature
C) Hairstyles of the 1980s
D) How the Pony Express revolutionized communication in America
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following is an example of how to connect your topic
to audience interests?
A) Express your own excitement about the topic to help the audience
connect.
B) Group similar ideas together and connect them to the main points in
your speech.
C) Use words that give the speech greater cohesion by making it more
explicit.
D) Give introductory previews of what you will say, in addition to
summaries of what you just said.
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following is an example of how to connect your topic
to audience interests?
A) Express your own excitement about the topic to help the audience
connect.
B) Group similar ideas together and connect them to the main points in
your speech.
C) Use words that give the speech greater cohesion by making it more
explicit.
D) Give introductory previews of what you will say, in addition to
summaries of what you just said.
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following best describes the process of abstraction?
A) Find a similar quality of a group of objects, name it, and use the name
to stand for the quality in other objects.
B) Create a ladder with the most general word at the top and the most
specific word at the bottom.
C) Use the most specific examples possible for each situation.
D) Speak using scientific terminology with specialized words when it is
appropriate for your audience.
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following best describes the process of abstraction?
A) Find a similar quality of a group of objects, name it, and use the name
to stand for the quality in other objects.
B) Create a ladder with the most general word at the top and the most
specific word at the bottom.
C) Use the most specific examples possible for each situation.
D) Speak using scientific terminology with specialized words when it is
appropriate for your audience.
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Informative Speaking
In the example below, which word is concrete and specific?"The
residence contains a number of mammals, including a young
mammal and a _______ cat."
A) young
B) residence
C) gray
D) mammal
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Informative Speaking
In the example below, which word is concrete and specific?"The
residence contains a number of mammals, including a young
mammal and a _______ cat."
A) young
B) residence
C) gray
D) mammal
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following are three techniques for making your
speech more memorable?
A) Inform the audience, use amplification, and hold a question and
answer session.
B) Use technology, relate to your audience, and pass around a handout
at the beginning of your speech.
C) Repeat key phrases, use visual aids, and let yourself be engaged in
your material.
D) Tell the audience there will be a quiz at the end, be creative, and let
your speech be mysterious.
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Informative Speaking
Which of the following are three techniques for making your
speech more memorable?
A) Inform the audience, use amplification, and hold a question and
answer session.
B) Use technology, relate to your audience, and pass around a handout
at the beginning of your speech.
C) Repeat key phrases, use visual aids, and let yourself be engaged in
your material.
D) Tell the audience there will be a quiz at the end, be creative, and let
your speech be mysterious.
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Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
Why is a podium helpful to the audience?
A) It allows the speaker to have notes to answer audience questions.
B) It helps the audience understand complicated topics with models or
graphs.
C) It allows the audience to hear the speaker properly.
D) It is helpful to audience members seated far away from the speaker in
a large venue.
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Informative Speaking
Why is a podium helpful to the audience?
A) It allows the speaker to have notes to answer audience questions.
B) It helps the audience understand complicated topics with models or
graphs.
C) It allows the audience to hear the speaker properly.
D) It is helpful to audience members seated far away from the speaker in
a large venue.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
"It was nearly 10 years ago that a bright September day was
darkened by the worst attack on the American people in our
history."The preceding quote is an example of
A) a description of processes.
B) giving context.
C) a demonstration.
D) All of these answers.
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Informative Speaking
"It was nearly 10 years ago that a bright September day was
darkened by the worst attack on the American people in our
history."The preceding quote is an example of
A) a description of processes.
B) giving context.
C) a demonstration.
D) All of these answers.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Informative Speaking
Attribution
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• Wikipedia. "Individual events (speech)." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individual_events_(speech)#Informative
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• Wiktionary. "description." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/description
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Informative Speaking
• Wiktionary. "definition." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/definition
• Wikidot. "informative speaking - Public Speaking." CC BY-SA http://publicspeaking.wikidot.com/informative-speaking
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http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Rhetoric_and_Composition/Punctuation
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http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2011/05/02/osama-bin-laden-dead
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• Wiktionary. "firefight." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/firefight
• Wiktionary. "excerpt." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/excerpt
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Informative Speaking
• Wikidot. "informative speaking - Public Speaking." CC BY-SA http://publicspeaking.wikidot.com/informative-speaking
• Wikibooks. "Professional and Technical Writing/Rhetoric/Author/Style." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Professional_and_Technical_Writing/Rhetoric/Author/Style#Selecting_Words
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• Internet Archive. Public domain
http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf
• Internet Archive. Public domain
http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf
• Internet Archive. Public domain
http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com