By Mr. Mallory

• Religious communities built by the Spanish
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Native American’s learned Spanish customs and about the Catholic religion.

In 1810, Miguel Hidalgo declared independence from the Spanish crown. In 1821, the war ended, and the Treaty of Cordoba was signed which recognized Mexican
Independence. In 1833, the Mexican lawmakers passed An Act for the Secularization of the missions. The act provided for the colonization of Alta and Baja California, with the expenses paid for by the sale of the missions. The missions were then closed and the land was sold off as ranchos.

Meanwhile, The English were colonizing the East Coast and forming the first 13 states of the United States.

Pioneers traveled westward taking land as they went. They believed in Manifest Destiny.

When the arrived in the west they found a
California that was controlled by the Mexican
Government.
In 1846, the United States declared war on Mexico. The war was called the
Mexican American War. In 1848, California became the 31 st state of the
United States.

• • Areas of land reserved or set aside for the
•
• Laws on tribal lands vary because tribes have tribal sovereignty.
Indians
•
• Most reservations are in the mid-west, where land is unsuitable for agriculture.
• The United States placed Native Americans on mortality, life expectancy, nutrition and poverty, and alcohol and drug abuse.
reservations.

• Small reservations set aside for Native
Americans.
Click on the graphic above to visit
Redding Rancheria’s website!

• A map that shows how a place looked at an earlier time

• A way of life shared by members of a group; the behaviors and beliefs characteristic to a particular social, ethnic, or age group.
THE TEN INDIAN COMMANDMENTS!
Treat the Earth and all that dwell thereon with respect!
Remain close to the Great Spirit
Show great respect for your fellow beings
Work together for the benefit of all mankind!
Give assistance and kindness wherever needed
Do what you know to be right
Look after the well-being of mind and body
Dedicate a share of your efforts to the greater good
Be truthful and honest at all times
Take full responsibility for your actions.....

• Keeping things alive; like in a museum
You can preserve jelly.
You can preserve things in a museum!
You can preserve nature.

• A place to keep and display objects

• A way of doing things that is passed on to others by word of mouth or practice

• A respected older member of a tribe

• Tribal government separate from the federal or national government
 Tribal sovereignty in the United States refers to the inherent authority of indigenous tribes to govern themselves within the borders of the United
States of America . The federal government recognizes tribal nations as
"domestic dependent nations" and has established a number of laws attempting to clarify the relationship between the federal, state, and tribal governments. The Constitution and later federal laws grant to tribal nations more sovereignty than is granted to states or other local jurisdictions, yet do not grant full sovereignty equivalent to foreign nations, hence the term "domestic dependent nations".

• Tribal sovereignty map of the United States

• A written set of laws that tell how a government works

• A group of leaders elected by tribe members

• An agreement between groups or countries
 1851 – 1852 – 18 treaties were negotiated between the U.S. and Indian tribes.
 1852 – The U.S. Senate rejected all of them and Indians were moved to temporary reservations.
 Early 1900s – Reformers petitioned congress to provide land to homeless
Indians. California purchased 9,000 acres that eventually became 50
Rancherias.
 Originally, the small pieces of land were meant to provide housing for homeless and landless adult Indians, but they evolved to have their own tribal governments.
 1953 – California Rancheria Act called for the termination of federal trusteeship for the Indians of California. 38 tribes were terminated and they were encouraged to assimilate with mainstream society.
 1973 – Indian Self Determination and Education Act allowed tribes to regain federal recognition. Today, 104 tribes are recognized in California.