Development of Georgia
Establishment of the University of
Georgia, Louisville, and the spread of
Baptist and Methodist churches
Standards
• SS8H5 The stud will explain
significant factors that affected the
development of Ga as part of the
growth of the U.S bw 1789 & 1840.
a. Explain the est of the UGA,
Louisville, & the spread of Baptist &
Methodist churches
University of Georgia
• Most Georgians had not been to school at all.
• 1784 – Govt set aside 20,000 acres of land for a
state college
• 1785-UGA was chartered as land grant
university (federal govt donated land)
• 1801- 1st building Franklin College (white males
only)
• 1918 – Women were admitted
How many years was it before women were
allowed to attend Univ. of GA?
Louisville (1786)
• GA has several capital cities including Savannah
and Augusta.
• Commission was given money to purchase
1,000 acres of land for new capital
• 20 miles from Indian trading post on Ogeechee
River
• Named after King Louis XVI
• Served as capital for 10 yrs
• Capital of Ga moved here bc of the changing
pop. to the center of the state.
The two largest church
denominations in Georgia
Methodist
Circuit riders
(ministers who went from
place to place)
One service a month
Richard Allen founded
African Methodist
Episcopal Church
(AME)
Baptist
1787 – free blacks
started Baptist
Church in Augusta
1788 – First African
Baptist Church in
Savannah
Baptist and Methodist churches split over the permitting of
slavery.
b. Evaluate the impact of land policies
pursued by Georgia; include the
headright system, land lotteries, and the
Yazoo land fraud.
Headright System
• Distributed Native American lands to new
settlers.
• Every “head” of household had the “right”
to own land up to 1000 acres of land.
Land Lotteries
• Replaced the headright system as a way
of distributing land to yeoman farmers.
• Tickets were sold for chances to win.
• Provisions of winning land: all white males
at least 21 years of age. Also, head of
households with children, war veterans,
and widows had extra chances of winning.
Yazoo Land Fraud
1. Why did the occur?
2. What was the result of the
federal government resolving
the matter?
3. What happened to Georgia
because of this?
1. Land companies bribed Georgia
governor and legislatures to sell them
land for cheap. The companies were
sold 35-50 million acres of land for
$500k. Then they turned around and
tried to sell it for a huge profit.
2. The federal government paid $4 million
in order to resolve this matter and also
disputed Georgia’s right to the land.
3. Georgia also ceded (gave up) all of its
land west of the Chattahoochee River to
the federal government for $1.25 million.
c. Explain how technological developments,
including the cotton gin and railroads, had an
impact on Georgia’s growth.
Cotton Gin
1. Who invented the cotton gin?
2. What did the cotton gin do?
3. What was the result on slavery because
of the cotton gin?
4. What was Georgia’s chief cash crop after
the invention of the gin?
1. Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin.
2. The purpose of the gin was to remove
the seed from cotton.
3. The gin increased the need for slavery
because plantation owners were able to
make a higher profit from the sale of
cotton.
4. Cotton was Georgia’s chief cash crop
after the gin was invented.
Railroads
1. How was the railroad important to
Georgia’s war effort before and during
the Civil War?
2. What was Terminus?
3. What railroad was the primary railroad in
Georgia in the 1830’s?
1. Railroads were important to Georgia
before and during the Civil War because
it was an important mode of
transportation. i.e. transportation of
supplies, weapons, people etc.
2. Terminus (now Atlanta) was the end of
the Western and Atlantic rail line.
3. The Western and Atlantic railroad was
the primary railroad in Georgia in the
1830’s.
Standards
• SS8H5 The student will explain significant
factors that affected the development of
Georgia as part of the growth of the United
States between 1789 and 1840.
– d. Analyze the events that led to the removal of
Creeks and Cherokees; include the roles of
Alexander McGillivray, William McIntosh, Sequoyah,
John Ross, Dahlonega Gold Rush, Worcester v.
Georgia, Andrew Jackson, John Marshall, and the
Trail of Tears
Alexander McGillivray
• Creek leader in the
Oconee War between
the Creek and the
Georgia pioneers
• McGillivray signed the
Treaty of New York
(Creek had to give up
all land east of the
Oconee River)
William McIntosh
• Creek Chief who
worked out Treaty of
Indian Springs
• Unites States paid
$200,000 to cede
(give up) the last
Creek lands in GA to
the federal govt.
• Angry Creeks killed
him as a result.
Dahlonega Gold Rush
• Discovered in 1829
• Lumpkin County was
the 1st gold mining
center in the U.S.
• GA passed a law that
places part of the
Cherokee land under
state control and they
could not speak
against white men in
court.
• Dec. 1829, a second
law refused the
Cherokee any right to
gold mined in
Dahlonega.
• As a result, the
Cherokee lost homes,
lands, and legal
rights.
Sequoyah “Lonely Lame One”
• Created Syllabary
• A group of symbols
that stand for whole
syllables
• Cherokee were the
first to have their
language in written
form
Worcester v. Georgia
• Rev. Samuel Worcester refused to sign an
oath stated that a white person could not
live on Cherokee land without taking an
oath.
• Trial was set…Worcester eventually gave
up
• He was ordered to leave the state and
never return.
John Marshall
• Chief Justice (Judge)
• Ruled in the
Worcester v. Georgia
case that Worcester
should be set free
John Ross
• Cherokee Chief
• Took a petition to
Congress protesting
the Cherokee removal
from their lands
Andrew Jackson
• Elected President of
U.S. in 1828
• Signed Indian
Removal Act in 1830
– Called for all Native
Americans to be
moved to the western
territories
Removal of Creek and Cherokee
• Creek
• Cherokee
Trail of Tears
• 15,000 or more Cherokee refused to leave
• 7,000 troops arrived to force them to stockades
• Hundreds of Cherokee died from disease while
in stockades
• Several thousand were crowded onto dirty boats
with bad food. 1/3 died
• Some escaped into North Carolina Mountains
• The rest took the 700-800 mile walk
– about 4, 000 died