CAUSATIVE HAVE/GET
&
MIDTERM REVISION + KEY
MARIJA KRZNARIĆ
1
CAUSATIVE "HAVE" or "GET„
SUBJECT
HAVE or GET
SOMETHING
PAST PARTICIPLE
DATI
NEŠTO
NAPRAVITI
- is used to express the wish of the subject that something should/has to
be done by someone else:
Jack: I don’t wash my car myself, I have it washed every month. How
often do you have your car washed?
Bill: I don’t have my car washed, I wash it in my backyard every Saturday.
2
RE-WORD THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES BY USING THE
CAUSATIVE “HAVE/GET CONSTRUCTION:
1. Someone washed my car for me yesterday.
I HAD MY CAR WASHED YESTERDAY.
2. Someone cleans the windows in our office every week.
WE HAVE THE WINDOWS IN OUR OFFICE CLEANED EVERY WEEK.
3. I asked someone to paint the gate last week.
I HAD/GOT THE GATE PAINTED LAST WEEK.
4. Someone tuned her piano for her yesterday.
SHE HAD HER PIANO TUNED YESTERDAY.
5. I have asked a man to mend my shoes.
I HAVE HAD MY SHOES MENDED.
6. Somebody sends Mary her dresses from Paris.
MARY HAS HER DRESSES SENT FROM PARIS.
7.Your hair wants cutting. You must ....
YOU MUST HAVE YOUR HAIR CUT.
3
8. Tell someone to translate it into English. Don’t trust Google.
HAVE IT TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH.
9. Our season tickets need renewing. We must ...
WE MUST HAVE / GET OUR SEASON TICKETS RENEWED.
10. I'll ask someone to make a new one.
I’LL HAVE A NEW ONE MADE.
11. We ordered someone to whitewash the ceiling.
WE HAD THE CEILING WHITEWASHED.
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS NEGATIVELLY USING
THE CAUSATIVE “HAVE/GET” CONSTRUCTION:
1. Did you redecorate your room yourself?
NO, I DIDN’T. I HAD IT REDECORATED.
2. Shall we cut the grass ourselves?
NO, WE SHAN’T. WE’LL HAVE IT CUT.
3. Are you going to mend the puncture yourself?
NO, I’M NOT. I’M GOING TO HAVE IT MENDED.
4
4. Does she polish the floors herself?
NO, SHE DOESN’T. SHE HAS THEM POLISHED.
5. Are you going to shorten the trousers yourself?
NO, I’M NOT. I’M GOING TO HAVE / GET THEM SHORTENED.
6. Does he wash his car himself?
NO, HE DOESN’T. HE HAS IT WASHED.
7. Will you type the reports yourself?
NO, I WON’T. I’LL HAVE THEM TYPED.
8. Would you adjust your brakes yourself?
NO, I WOULDN’T. I WOULD HAVE THEM ADJUSTED. IT’S SAFER.
9. Do you iron the curtains yourself?
NO, I HATE IRONING. I HAVE THEM IRONED.
10. Did Peter adjust the brakes himself?
GOD NO! HE HAS NO IDEA HOW TO DO IT. HE HAD THEM ADJUSTED.
11. Have you repaired the clock yourself?
NO WAY, I’VE HAD IT REPAIRED.
5
INSERT PROPER VERBAL FORMS:
1.Years ago, after some new methods (apply) ___________________________
our production (increase) ____________________ significantly.
2. Look at that man (repair) ______________________ Peter's car. (Watch)
________________ him, you (learn) ______________________ something.
3. Something must (do) __________________ about that fuel pump which
(replace) _____________ only two weeks ago.
4. The storage battery (fill) ______________________ yesterday and now it
(wait) _______________ (put) ___________________________ back in the
engine.
5. Temperature and pressure in every nuclear power plant (have) _____________
(control) __________________________ every day.
6. Before (start) __________________ this new DVD, (read) _______________
the instructions very carefully.
7. This problem (solve) _______________________ tomorrow. The new
engineer (say) _____________ that at the meeting yesterday.
6
8. While we (test) ________________________ our new air conditioning
system last night, somebody (turn) _______________________ the current off.
9. Since the new manager (come) ___________________ to our factory, our
output (improve) __________________________ greatly.
10. If this plan must (make) ____________________ by tomorrow, everything
else (have) ________________________ (wait) ____________________.
11. Who (you, hear) _______________________________ from that 20 new
computers (buy) ___________________________ next month?
12. After the computers (install) _____________________________, we all (go)
________________ home.
13. So far nothing (do) ________________________ about our production plan
for the next year.
14. This machine must (transport) _______________________ by train. It (be)
_________________ too heavy (put) _______________________ on a truck.
15. (Discuss) ________________________ production control problems at the
meeting yesterday, our new engineer (say) ______________________ he (make)
____________________ a report about it.
7
16. All the chips (fabricate) ____________________ in our factory, (prove)
__________________ (be) _____________________ good but too expensive.
17. I (just, write) ___________________________ some letters and I (go)
____________________ (take) _________________________ them to the
post Office. They (deliver) ___________________ by noon.
18. Mary (be) ____________________ in London for three months now but I
(not, get) ___________________ any letters from her yet.
19. The College Board (allow) ______________________ (buy) ____________
the new equipment only after the Minister's office (approve) ________________.
20. While we (watch) _________________________ a basketball match on TV,
Mary (come) _________________ and (tell) __________________ us what
(happen) _______________________.
21. If you (think) ____________________ that these techniques (not, be)
_________________ good, our technology concept (have) _________________
(change) ______________________ .
22. The house (build) ________________ at the end of our street (look)
_________________ very nice, indeed. Who (know) ________________ how
much it (cost) ____________________?
8
23. (Not, talk) ____________________ now, please. I (try) _________________
(solve) ________________________ a very difficult equation.
24. (You, want) ___________________________ me (help) _______________
you with your homework?
No, thanks. We (tell) _________________________ (not, ask) _____________
for help. Anyway, I (almost, finish) _____________________________ it.
25. What (your mother, do) ___________________________ when you (tell)
_______________ her about your bad marks?
You (not, want) _________________________ (hear) ________________ that!
I (ground) __________________________ for a month.
26. This machine (not, lubricate) __________________________________ since
it (buy) ___________________________ .
27.Your TV set (already, repair) ______________________________ and
(return) ________________ to you tomorrow.
28. All these elevators (drive) ____________________________ by d.c. motors.
9
29. (enter) ____________________ the manager's office this morning, I (be)
____________ sure that the man (sit) _____________________ there (be)
________________ our new designer. 30. This dynamo (have) ______________
(repair) _______________________ tomorrow morning.
31. The best experts from abroad (be) ___________________________ here
for three months but their efforts (not, show) __________________________
any results yet.
32. Railway carriages must (equip) ________________________ with hand
brakes.
33. I (tell) ___________________ that you (buy) __________________ a new
DVD last week. How much (you, pay) __________________________ for it?
34. I (can, not) ______________________ (start) ____________________ the
engine this morning because I (leave) ____________________________ the
ignition key at home.
35. The letter which (bring) ___________________________ yesterday (wait)
_________________ on your desk (translate) ________________________ .
36. The letter (bring) ________________________ yesterday and now it (wait)
___________________ (translate) _____________________________ . 10
37. When (you, go) _____________________________ (wash)
_______________________ your car? It (be) _______________ so dirty.
38. How long (you, work) ____________________________________ here?
39. While we (pack) ____________________________ our bags, a friend (call)
_______________ and (say) ________________________ that all the flights
(delay) ________________________ because of the fog.
40. Why (you, get) __________________________ up? It (be) ____________
Saturday.
I must (go) ______________ to the office. We (work) ___________________
on a new project.
11
ENERGY CRISIS
A word about the energy crisis: the world’s supply of petroleum (create)
______________________ over millions of years ago and cannot (replace)
_____________________ or (renew) _____________ in our time. Estimates
(vary) _________________ on how long the supply (last) _________________
but according to some experts not much more than thirty years at the present rate
of consumption. Automobiles, diesels, and jets (use) __________________
enormous amounts of fuel (derive) _______________ from petroleum so do
households and power plants that (produce) ____________ electricity. Petroleum
(be) ________________ also the basis for petrochemical products (include)
______________________ many of today’s plastics, fertilizers, and insecticides.
Therefore there (be) ____________ a mounting interest in engines that (not, use)
_______________ petroleum as fuel. Some power plants (already, convert)
_________________________ from oil to coal, but while coal (be) __________
in much greater supply than petroleum it (be) __________ another non-renewable
12
energy source which (eventually, exhaust) ________________________.
Experiments (be) _______________ under way (harness) _________________
such energy sources as the wind, the tides, and the sun. Nuclear fusion - the release
of energy when atoms (join) _______________ together – (explore)
______________________ as a safer alternative to nuclear fission with its
hazardous by-products of radioactive wastes that (pose) _________________ a
serious threat to the environment and to human life. The difficulty with fusion (be)
_____________ that it (require) ______________ an enormously high degree of
heat (start) __________________ the reaction; to date it (not, be)
____________________ possible (generate) ____________________ that
much heat even under laboratory conditions.
CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Current (move) _______________ from a point of high potential energy to one of
low potential. It can only (do) ______________ so if there (be) ___________ a
path for it (follow) _____________. This path (call) ______________ an electric
circuit. All circuits (contain) ______________ four elements: a source, a load, a
transmission system and a control.
The source (provide) _______________ the electromotive force. This (establish)
________________ the difference in potential which (make) _______________
current flow possible. The source can (be) ____________ any device which
13
(supply) ______________ electrical energy. For example, it may (be) __________
a generator or a battery. The load (convert) _______________ the electrical
energy from the source into some other form of energy. For instance, a lamp
(change) _______________ electrical energy into light and heat. The load can be
any electrical device.
The transmission system (conduct) ________________ the current round the
circuit. Any conductor can (consider) ____________________ part of a
transmission system. Most systems (consist) _________________ of wires. It (be)
___________ often possible, however, for the metal frame of a unit (be) ______
one section of its transmission system. For example, the metal chassis of many
electrical devices (use) _______________ (conduct) __________ current.
Similarly the body of a car (be) ______________ part of its electrical transmission
system.
The control (regulate) _______________ the current flow in the circuit. It may
(control) ____________ the current by (limit) ________________ it, as (do)
_______________ a rheostat, or by (interrupt) _______________ it, as (do)
_________ a switch.
14
MODULATION
We can only (communicate) ___________________ information by radio waves
by (change) _______________ the wave in some way. This change (know)
______________ as modulation. The simplest form of modulation (be)
__________ (turn) ______________ the wave on and off. This method (use)
_______________ in the early days of radio for telegraphic signals. The wave
(stop) _______________ and (start) ______________ (represent)
________________ the dots and dashes of the Morse code by means of a
telegraph key.
Speech and music (produce) _______________ audio frequencies which cannot
(transmit) _______________ directly. But they can (use) _______________
(modulate) _______________ radio waves. This modulated radio wave (then,
transmit) ____________________. When it (receive) _______________ , the
wave (demodulate) ___________________ and the original audio-frequency
signal (recover) __________________. The high frequency radio wave (act)
______________ only (carry) ________________ the audio-frequency signal
and (call) _________________ the carrier wave. The audio-frequency signal
(term) ________________ the modulating signal.
The wave (have) _______________ three quantities: amplitude, frequency and
phase. Any of these quantities can (modulate) _________________. The two
commonest methods of modulation (be) ______________ amplitude modulation,
15
am, and frequency modulation, fm.
In amplitude modulation, the amplitude of the carrier wave (change) _________
according to the amplitude of the modulating signal. The frequency of the carrier
(keep) _______________ constant.
In frequency modulation, the amplitude of the carrier wave (keep) __________
constant, but the frequency (vary) ________________ in proportion to the
amplitude of the modulating signal. Frequency modulation (have) ___________
several advantages over amplitude modulation. The most notable (be) _________
that reception (be) _______________ less likely (disturb) _________________ .
This (be) _____________ because atmospheric disturbances and “noise”
(generate) __________________ in the receiver itself (result) ______________
in a change in the amplitude of the received signal. However, changes in only the
frequency would distort the modulated information.
16
17