Supportive connective tissue
Cartilage
Mrs. Dalia Kamal Eldien
MSC in Microbiology
Lecture NO 5
Objectives
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Revision of connective tissue classification
Definition of supportive connective tissue
Functions of supportive connective tissue
Definition of cartilage& it is functions
Constituents of cartilage
Types of cartilage
What are the subcategories of the three main
categories of connective tissue?
Connective Tissue
Connective tissue proper
Loose connective
tissue
Dense connective
tissue
Fluid connective tissue
Blood
Lymph
Supporting connective tissue
Cartilage
Bone
Classification of connective tissue
 Specialized connective tissue is further subdivided into :
Adipose connective tissue
Reticular connective tissue
Elastic connective tissue
Cartilage
Supportive connective tissue
Bone
Blood
Fluid connective tissue
Lymph
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DEFINITION
The tissue that support and makes the framework of
body is called supportive connective tissue.
Types
Supportive connective tissue is of two types:
1. Cartilage
2. Bone
Together bones and cartilage make up the skeleton.
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
FUNCTIONS OF SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• Support
•
Protection(skull protect brain, vertebrate protect the
spinal cord, ribs protect the lungs)
•
Storage of minerals (calcium and phosphorus)
•
Site for Hematopoiesis (red bone marrow )
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
CARTILAGE:
 Is a flexible connective tissue found in many areas in
the body of humans and other animals, including the
joints between bones, ribs, ear, nose, bronchial
tubes and the intervertebral discs.
 It is not hard and rigid as bone but is stiffer and
less flexible than muscle.
Constituents of cartilage:
• It is made up of cells called chondroblasts and
chondrocytes, (chondro - cartilage) and extracellular
matrix.
• Extracellular matrix made up about 10% aggrecan,
75% water, and a mix of collagen fibers and elastic
fibers in varying proportions based on local
biomechanical needs of the organs in which it is
located.
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• CARTILAGE
• Features
– Flexible tissue
– Contains no blood vessels or nerves
– Matrix contains up to 80% water
– Cell type – chondrocyte
Chondrocytes
Chondrocytes
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• Function of cartilage
– Supports soft tissue of the body.
– It provides smooth sliding surfaces in the joints
to facilitate bone movement.
– Cartilage is essential for the growth of the long
bones before and after birth.
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• Types:
– Hyaline
– Elastic
– Fibrocartilage
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
HYALINE CARTILAGE
• This type of cartilage has a glassy appearance when
fresh, hence its name, as hyalos (is Greek word for
glassy).
• Hyaline cartilage has widely dispersed fine collagen
fibers, which strengthen it
• it is the weakest of the three types of cartilage.
• Description
– Collagen fibers
– Chondroblasts produce matrix
– Chondrocytes lie in lacunae
Hyaline cartilage
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• Location
– Ends of long bones
– Costal cartilage of ribs
– Cartilages of nose, trachea, and larynx Location
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• ELASTIC
• In elastic cartilage, the chondrocytes are found in
a threadlike network of elastic fibers within the
matrix.
• Elastic cartilage provides strength, and elasticity,
and maintains the shape of certain structure such
as the external ear.
• Description
– Similar to hyaline cartilage
– More elastic fibers in matrix
• Function
– Maintains shape of structure
– Allows great flexibility
Elastic cartilge
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• Location
– Supports external ear
– Epiglottis
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• FIBROCARTILAGE
This is the strongest kind of cartilage, because it has
alternating layers of hyaline cartilage matrix and thick
layers of dense collagen fibers oriented in the
direction of functional
• Description
– Matrix similar, but less firm than hyaline cartilage
– Thick collagen fibers predominate
– Chondrocyte are lie in rows and isogenic groups
• Function
– Tensile strength and ability to absorb compressive
shock
Fibro cartilge
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• Location
– Inter vertebral discs
– Discs of knee joint