Unit 8 Study Guide
All test questions are derived from the key terms list and the questions on this study guide. QUESTIONS
FROM PAST UNITS WILL ALSO BE ON THIS TEST.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
What was the “Gilded Age?”
What positive things happened during the Gilded Age?
What negative things happened during the Gilded Age?
What were the causes of the Second Industrial Revolution?
How did the United States government encourage business growth during the Gilded Age?
What was the impact of Alexander Graham Bell’s invention?
What was the impact of Thomas Edison’s inventions?
What was the impact of the mail-order catalog?
What was the impact of the refrigerator car?
What was a “captain of industry?”
What business was John D. Rockefeller in, and how did it impact the United States?
What business was Cornelius Vanderbilt in, and how did it impact the United States?
What business was Andrew Carnegie in, and how did it impact the United States?
What business was J.P. Morgan in, and how did it impact the United States?
What is Social Darwinism?
Why was Horatio Alger significant?
How did cities change during the Gilded Age?
What were the characteristics of “new immigrants?”
What were the positive consequences of urbanization?
What were the negative consequences of urbanization?
What did the Chinese Exclusion Act do?
What is a political machine?
What was positive about political machines?
What was negative about political machines?
Why is Thomas Nast significant?
What happened in the Credit Mobilier Scandal?
What was the difference between “Stalwart” and “Half-breeds?”
Why was James Garfield assassinated?
What did the Pendleton Act do?
Describe unskilled labor conditions during the Gilded Age.
How did unions attempt to demand better working conditions?
Describe the ways in which factory owners fought against union.
What was the significance of the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?
What were “Robber Barons?”
Describe the conflict that occurred between railroad companies and farmers during the Gilded
Age.
What was Populism?
How did the United States obtain Alaska?
Who built the Transcontinental Railroad for the Central Pacific Railroad, and what were their
experiences?
Who built the Transcontinental Railroad for the Union Pacific Railroad, and what were their
experiences?
What was the significance of the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad?
What was the impact of mining in the West?
What was “open range,” and what caused it to end?
43. What were the experiences of cowboys on cattle drives, and what was the purpose of cattle
drives?
44. What were “sod houses?”
45. What were conditions in the West like for farmers, and how did they adapt to the conditions?
46. Describe the conflict that occurred on the western frontier regarding the following:
a. Railroads
b. “Range Wars”
c. Law Enforcement
d. Nativism
e. The Environment, including buffalo
f. Plains Indians Wars
47. Describe the conflict over land between Americans and Native Americans from the colonial
period to the Gilded Age.
48. What was the purpose of reservations?
49. What were reservation conditions like?
50. How did Native Americans respond to the reservation system?
51. What happened at the Battle of Little Bighorn, and why was the battle significant?
52. What happened in the Nez Perce War, and why was it significant?
53. How did Chief Joseph’s speech of surrender represent problems for Native Americans?
54. Why was the book, A Century of Dishonor, significant?
55. What is assimilation?
56. Describe the terms of the Dawes Act.
57. What was the purpose of the Dawes Act, and how successful was it?
58. What happened during the Oklahoma Land Rush?
59. What happened at the Wounded Knee Massacre, and why was it significant?
60. What was the Frontier Thesis?
61. Why was the closing of the “safety valve” (frontier) significant for the United States?
62. Describe the issues that had to be addressed in the United States, during the Gilded Age, once the
western frontier was closed.