You must answer in a complete
sentence!
1. Write three complete sentences contrasting DNA
and RNA. Each sentence must have information
about each nucleic acid.
Sugar (ribose/deoxyribose); bases
(thymine/uracil); single vs. double
stranded; one type vs. three types,
DNA is much longer (codes for
everything); DNA found only in nucleus
Reorder and rewrite!
2. Rearrange and rewrite the major events of
transcription and translation in the order that
they occur.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
The complete polypeptide is released.
Messenger RNA is transcribed from DNA
Amino acids are joined until a stop codon is reached.
mRNA leaves the nucleus
tRNA brings methionine to the start codon
mRNA goes to ribosome
Reorder and rewrite!
2. Rearrange the major events of transcription
and translation in the order that they occur.
B. Messenger RNA is transcribed from DNA
D. mRNA leaves the nucleus
F. mRNA goes to ribosome
E. tRNA brings methionine to the start codon
C. Amino acids are joined until a stop codon is
reached.
A. The complete polypeptide is released.
You must answer in a complete sentence!
3. Write three complete sentences contrasting
DNA replication and transcription. Each
sentence must have information about each
process.
Enzymes used; types of nucleotides added; final
product; replicaton fork in DNA/promoter site in
DNA for transcription; direction of process
You must answer in a complete
sentence!
4. What are the three types of RNA and their
functions? (Abbreviations are allowed)
mRNA = carries message from DNA to
ribosome
rRNA = part of ribosome, helps make proteins
tRNA = carries amino acids to ribosome,
converts mRNA into protein
SHOW YOUR WORK!
5. Transcribe and translate the following DNA
template:
TACGGACCCCTTTAAATGCTGGTTGACACT
AUGCCUGGGGAAAUUUACGACCAACUGUGA
MET PRO GLY GLU ISO TYR ASP GLN LEU STOP
NO NEED for complete sentences!
6. Use the following DNA sequence to show
examples of the three different types of gene
mutations. Write the mutated sequence, circle
the mutation and label the mutation type. You
should end up with three separate DNA
sequences.
TA C G G A C C C
Substitution, Deletion (Frameshift ), Insertion
(Frameshift )
You must answer in a complete
sentence!
7. Write one or two sentences that relate the
following vocabulary terms: TATA box,
promoter, RNA polymerase, gene,
transcription. Please underline each
vocabulary word used.
A TATA box helps RNA polymerase bind to
the promoter of a gene during
transcription.
You must make a pretty picture!
8. Draw a picture of DNA molecule that is three
nucleotides long. Label the parts of one
nucleotide, show appropriate base-paring
rules and label the hydrogen bond(s).
You must make a pretty picture!
8. Draw a picture of DNA molecule that is three
nucleotides long. Label the parts of one
nucleotide, show appropriate base-paring
rules and label the hydrogen bond(s).
You must answer in a complete
sentence!
9. Write a few sentences that relate the
following vocabulary terms—codon; anticodon;
tRNA; mRNA; nucleotide; amino acid;
polypeptide. Please underline each vocabulary
word used.
• Three nucleotides on mRNA comprise a
codon, which are complementary to
anticodons on tRNA. Each tRNA molecule
carries a specific amino acid, which are
joined by bonds to form a polypeptide chain.
Complete sentence!
10. What is the basic function of hox genes?
• Hox genes direct the formation of a body
plan in multicellular organisms during
development.
Complete sentences!
11. Describe two examples of situations where
genes are regulated, and explain why they
are regulated.
• Lac operon in bacteria, to turn on genes
responsible for digesting lactose only
when lactose is present
• Hox genes during embryonic development
in multicellular organisms, to differentiate
the developing cells into specialized cells
(use some portions of DNA but not
others).