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Can you come up with the medical terms for the following word parts??

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A-, an-
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Adeno-
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Adreno-
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-Algia
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Ang
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Arth-
• Auto-
• Bi-
• Brady-
• Bronch-
• Calc-
• Carcino-
• Cardi-

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-cele
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-centesis
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Cephal-, cerebro-
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Chol-
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Col-
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Cost-
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-cyt
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Cyano-
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Cyst-
• derm-
• Dys-
• -ectomy
• -emesis
• Endo-
• Enter-
• Eryth-
• Gastr-

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Ger-
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Gluc-glyc-
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Hem-
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Hepat-
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Herni-
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Hyper-
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Hyster-
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Ile-
• Inter-
• Lapar-
• Leuko-
• Lith-
• Mast-
• Mamm-
• Mega-

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Melano-
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Mening-
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Meno-
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-natal
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Necro-
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Neo-
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Neph-
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Neuro-
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Noct-
• Oculo-, opthalm-
• Odont-
• Olig-
• Ooph-
• Orchi-
• Ortho,osteo

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-oscopy
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-otomy
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-paresis
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-penia
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-pepsia
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Per-
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Peri-
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-phagia
• -phasia
• Phleb-
• -plasty
• -plegia
• Pleur-, pneum-
• Pod-
• Poly-
• Pulmon-
• Noct-

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Pyo-
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Pyel-
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Quad-
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Rhin-
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-rraphy
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-rrhag
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-rrhea
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Sangui-
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Salping-
• -scler-
• -scope
• Sep-
• Splen-
• Sub-
• Sup-
• Tachy-
• Thorac-, -thorax

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Thromb-
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Thyr-
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Trach-
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-tripsy
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-trophy
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Ur-
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-uria
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Vas-
• Ven-
• Xantho-

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Hemi-
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Bi- , tri-, Quad-
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Poly-,olig-(scant)
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Hyper-, hypo-
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Ostomy-, otomy
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-phagia, -phasia
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Cyano-, erythro-, leuko-, xantho-
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-paresis, -plegia
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Tachy-, brady-

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Hematuria
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Glucosuria
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Oliguria
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Nocturia
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Polyuria
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Anuria

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Eupnea – normal! How many/min??
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Tachypnea
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Bradypnea
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Apnea
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Hyperpnea
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Orthopnea

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Pallor
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Diaphoresis
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Bariatric
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Epistaxis
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Vertigo
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Syncope

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Geriatrics
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Hematology
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Oncology
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Urology
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Nephrology
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Gastroenterology
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Obstetrics
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Orthopedics
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Rheumatology
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Podiatry
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Pediatrics
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Gynecology
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Endocrinology
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Neurology

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Bid
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Tid
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Qid
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HS
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ADL
• ac
• pc
• prn, ad lib
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TPR/ BP
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BR
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CBR
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BR with BRP
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NPO, PO
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OOB
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NKA

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GI
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GU
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Neuro
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STAT
• q2H
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VS
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RN, LPN, CNA,
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MA, HA
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LTC, SNF
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AD, AS, AU
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OD, OS, OU

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CBC
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CBC w/Diff
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CPR
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CPR
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DNR
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EKG, EEG
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Etoh
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GB
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GU
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FC
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HIPAA
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ID,IM,IV,SC
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LLQ,RLQ,LUQ,RUQ
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LMP
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UA

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Anterior/Posterior
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Medial/Lateral
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Proximal/Distal
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Superior/Inferior
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Supine/Prone
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Can you put these in a sentence?

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Integumentary system
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Nervous system
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Skeletal system
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Endocrine system
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Muscular system
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Cardiovascular system
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Lymphatic system
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Urinary system
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Respiratory system
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Digestive system
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Reproductive system

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P
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L
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A
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N
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E
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S

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Law
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Ethics
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Criminal laws
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Civil laws
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Negligence
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Malpractice
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Assault/Battery
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Fraud
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Defamation
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Libel/Slander
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Defamation
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False imprisonment
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Invasion of privacy
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Abuse (types)
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Informed Consent
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Scope of practice
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HIPAA

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Record of care
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Legal doc
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Record of observations/tx
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Confidential
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Errors?
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Subjective (description from pt)vs objective( data from HCW)

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Recording Patient Information:
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POMR: database, problem list, educ/diagnostics/tx plan, progress notes
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SBAR
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SOAP
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What is required to release pt records to another hospital or provider?

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Filed in sequential order - alphabetical
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Indexing: guidelines of filing practices
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Each part of a person’s name is a unit
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Start w/ last name, first, then mid initial
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Prefix is part of the name (O’Hare)(Mc, Mac, Van, De – )
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St. is filed as if it were spelled out
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Hyphenated name tx as single unit
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Titles: ignored or are last(4 th ) unit

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Numeric filing – each part of a name is assigned a # and no names appear on outside of file
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Color coding: used to distinguish files within a filing sys(ex: green for all new pts) or as part of alphabetical filing sys where each letter is assigned a color
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Tickler file: date oriented reminder file – usually organized by month (to do list)
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Retention schedules – how long file kept on site or stored
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No blank spaces – use n/a

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If an initial is used instead of a name, tx as single unit
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Identical names: index under names then location
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Must have written consent to release info
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Info belongs to pt! File is hospital/office

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Ins: if pt and insured are the same person write “same”
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Insured’s name – who carries the policy? Most policies assoc w/ employment
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Relationship to insured: spouse or dependent?
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Primary vs secondary ins
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Exclusions, pre-certs
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Deductible, co-pay, co-insurance
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Payor, subscriber, provider

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What ,when and to whom to report
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Know legal limits ; HA/PCT reports to RN
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Act w/in scope of practice
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Professional appearance
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Telephone etiquette: id self, unit
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Incoming emergency call – call 911, get pt name and #, refer to
MD/RN immediately
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Leaving voice mails – what is acceptable

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Policy manual- hospital quidelines /rules (dress code, sick days, chain of command)
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Procedure manual: instructions for all clinical activities (vs, specimen collection, inf control)
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Resume
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Cover Letter: purpose?
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Interview skills
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Resignation from job: notice?

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Therapeutic: listen, observe, silence, open-ended?, leading ?, encourage, ask pt to restate, reflect, summarize
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Poor: approve/disapprove, agree/disagree, advise, defend, minimize, stereotype
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Use eye contact, touch but be aware of cultural aspects of comm

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Denial – disbelief
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Withdrawal – physically or thru communic
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Rationalization – explanation/excuse
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Projection – blaming another or circumstance
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Repression – transfer to unconscious mind
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Suppression – like repression but aware

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Asepsis: abs of pathogen
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Sterile: free from all microorg
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Contaminated: pathogens present
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Clean: reduces path
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Aseptic Techniq: help prevent contam/spread of inf/break chain of inf
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Hand hyg, PPE, cleaning equipment/environment

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Antisepsis: inhibit growth of path; not eff against spores/viruses; can be used on skin (alc, bet)
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Disinfection: kills path but not always effec for spores/viruses; not on skin; equip
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Sterilization: kills all microorg inc spores/viruses; equip only
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What piece of equipment is used to sterilize instruments?
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How long are sterile packs from SPD sterile?

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Potentially infectious material
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All body fluids/all patients: potential sources of inf
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ALL HCW ALL THE TIME
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Break chain of inf
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H/W guidelines
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PPE: Gloves, gown, mask if risk of exp such as splashing
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No jewelry, do not reuse gloves

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For pt with communicable diseases
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In addition to SP
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Type depends on pathogen, how it is spread, whether it is antibiotic resistant
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Use PPE, dedicated equipment, private room
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Contact, droplet, airborne

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24 hour clock

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Pre-procedure steps:
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H/W, Assemble equip
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ID Pt, introd self, explain proc
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Post-procedure steps:
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Record, report, repeat if needed

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Bathing: Full / complete vs partial
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Pre-proced steps
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Wash one body area, rinse, dry, cover, next
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All pts: start cleanest (face), end dirtiest (anal area). Perineal area: front to back
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Back Rubs: promote circulation (q8H)
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CBR pt: turn q 2H
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Mouth care: q 2H

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Removing a gown when pt has an IV:
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Slip gown over IV bag if no snaps
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Never disconnect IV
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Dressing pt w/ 1 sided weakness/paralysis: remove clothes from good side first then dress weak side first

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TPR, B/P
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Pre-procedure steps?
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Temp: ask?
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Reason for palpable systolic?
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Steps taken when there is an abnormality noted?

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Oral: most common
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Rectal: if pt confused, on O2, under 2 yo, can’t keep mouth closed
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Rectal vs oral thermom
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Hold thermometer in place when taking rectal temp; insert < 1”
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Shake down “mercury” < 96 (or below lowest #)
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Temperature Ranges: 97-100
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Oral temp 98.6 what are rectal, axillary equiv?

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Sites:
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Radial site most common
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Apical if irregular, infant, cardiac hx
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Other sites? Pedal, popliteal, femoral, brachial, carotid
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Range: 60-90bpm

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Respirations = 1 inspiration + 1expiration,
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Pt should be unaware
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Range: 12-20

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Systolic- first clear sound
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Diastolic- sound muffles/last distinct sound
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Ranges:Systolic 100 – 119/Diastolic 60 – 79
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Pre-HTN: Systolic 120–139/Diastolic 80– 89
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HTN:>140/90 or above
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Hypotension: < 100/60

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Diets
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Regular
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Bland
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Mechanical soft
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Pureed
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Na restricted, NAS
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Low residue
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Diabetic
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Cardiac
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Cl Liq
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Full Liq

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A = eyes = night blindness
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D = bones = rickets/osteomalacia
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K = blood clotting
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C= immunity, wound healing= scurvy
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B= RBC prod = anemia

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Carbs = energy
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Protein = tiss repair
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Fats = energy
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K = hrt, nerv, musc function
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Na = fl balance
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Iron = hgb formation
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Ca = musc/cardiac/bones

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Check diet orders
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If pt. says diet not correct or if it doesn’t seem right ask nurse
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Alternate between solids/liquids
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Encourage patient to finish;don’t force
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Fill spoon/fork 1/3
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Make sure they swallow!

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Usually measured q 8 w/ 24 H totals
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Intake = sources?
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Output = urine, bm, emesis, irrigation, suction
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NPO = No: water, ice, candy, gum, food!

A cubic centimeter (cc) is a unit of measure equal to one milliliter (ml).
1 ml = 15 gtts
5ml = 1 tsp
15ml = 1 Tbsp
**1 oz. = 30 ml
4 oz. = 120 ml
**8 oz. = 240 ml = 1 cup

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1” = 2.54 cm
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I kg = 2.2 lb

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Vocab:
• voiding, incontinent, anuria, polyuria, nocturia, dysuria, hematuria, oliguria/scant
• defecation, stool/feces, constipation, impaction, obstruction
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Bedpan: facture, regular
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Urine specimens: 1 st AM (common), clean catch/midstream, sterile using cath, 24H
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Routine: collect @ 100-120ml

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Sims
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Fowlers
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Semi fowlers
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Lithotomy

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Assistive devices: cane, walker, crutches
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Canes: use on pt’s STRONG side
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HCW stands on weak side of pt

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Check activity order first!
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Dangle if first time OOB
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Dangling:
• sitting up on side of bed
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Check vitals pre/post
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Position w/c on pt’s strong side
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Body mechanics?
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Mechanical lift: 2 people operate

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Can cause:
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Atrophy-wasting/decrease in size of a body part
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Contractures- permanent shortening of a muscle or tendon
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Decubutis Ulcers
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DVT
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CBR/immoblie pt: change position q2H

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Flexion, extension
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Adduct, abduct
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Plantar and dorsi flexion
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Supinate, pronate
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Circumduct
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Passive ROM, Active ROM

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Hx – patient history
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H&P: on admission
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SOAP
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POMR
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Subjective vs Objective??

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Phlebotomy
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RBC, WBC, Platelets, Hgb HCT
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Correct color tube top for correct test
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Coag tests: PT, PTT, INR
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BS, A1C
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HDL, LDL

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Volume in 24H @ 1250ml in adult
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Color: clear- pale yellow,amber, turbid=cloudy
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Odor: none/malodorous
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Specific gravity; conc of dissolved substances (kid function)

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Decubutis ulcer: bedsore
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Risk factors- incontinence, poor nourishment, poor mobility
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Prevention- nutrition, positioning, turn q2H, skin care
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Special mattress, egg crate

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Elevate to reduce edema
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Observe for skin discoloration, tightness, swelling, sores, skin temperature, burning, n/t, drainage, bleeding, odor, circulation
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Protect skin from edges
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Keep dry
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Do not insert anything into device

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Influence attitudes about health, illness/ reporting of s/s and pain/ cause of illness
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Must be sensitive to specific cultural needs

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5 stages:
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Denial
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Anger
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Bargaining
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Depression
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Acceptance
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These stages also apply to pt/family when given some dx

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1. Wide Base of Support: keep feet 8-10” apart, point in direc of mvmnt
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2. Bend at knees/hips not from waist
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3. Use strongest muscles: shoulders, upper arms, hips, thighs
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4. Use body wt to push, pull or slide. Try not to lift

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5. Keep the object being lifted close to your body
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6. Avoid twisting
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7. Avoid prolonged bending
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8. Plan lift, test load
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9. If unsure get help!

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Rescue anyone in immediate danger
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Alarm
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Contain
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Extinguish: if fire is small, contained and does not put you in danger

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Pull the pin
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Aim at base of fire
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Squeeze the handle
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Sweep side to side; stand back 6-10 feet

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Body mechanics
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Report all injuries
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H/W!
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Use PPE as indicated
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Standard/isolation based precautions
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Never recap needles
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Flush eyes/skin if contaminated

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Check scene safety
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CAB
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Check responsiveness and call 911
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Check pulse and airway (carotid, brachial in infant)

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Start compressions: 30
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Open airway/pinch nostrils
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Give 2 breaths
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30:2
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At least100/min is goal

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How do you know?
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Heimlich
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Fist technique
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Pt becomes unresponsive:
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Begin CPR, check for object and remove if seen

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Infant technique?
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5 backslaps/5 downward chest thrusts

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MI
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S/S:?
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Tx: ?
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CVA
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S/S: ?
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Tx:?

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Bleeding
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Tx:
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Direct pressure
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Elevate part
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Shock
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S/S: diaphoresis, pallor, rapid/weak pulse, hypotension, anxiety, n/v
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Tx: raise legs, blanket, would you give po fluids?

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Poisoning
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Burns: Tx?
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Remove source of heat, cool water, cover, elevate part
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Heat inj: Tx?
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Cool area, cool water cloths, elevate feet
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Bone inj: immobilize and elevate

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Seizure: What would you do?
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Nothing in mouth, do not restrain, protect head, recovery position
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Diabetic emergency: give sugar or not?
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Allergic RXN?
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Abuse signs?
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Victims of abuse cross all socioeconoomic, gender and cultural groups