By: Robert Haveman, David Munkres, and
Abigail Solomon
Why Choose Animation?
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 We didn’t know much about it
 We all watch and appreciate it
 Wanted to know how it really got created
Learning Targets

 To understand the process of animation
 To understand the basic history of animation
 To appreciate the amount of work required to
animate a show.
 To know about the careers available in animation
The Washington
Learning Standard

 4.3- Understands how the arts impact and reflect
personal choices throughout life.
 4.4- Understands how the arts influence and reflect
cultures/civilization, place, and time.
 4.5- Understands how arts knowledge and skills
are used in the world of work, including careers in
the arts.
What is Pre-Production?

 All planning prior to production
 Main concepts are turned into a story
Steps Involved in Pre-Production

 Concept design
 Storyboarding
 Character design/Model Sheets
 Animatic
Concept Design

 Preliminary work
 Testing visual styles
 Testing different story possibilities
 Experimentation and brainstorming
 Everything cleared by directors
http://agrabah.livejournal.com/141874.html#cutid1
Storyboarding

 Sequence of drawings
 Details key events and scene changes
 Visualization of movement and pace
 Accompanied by text notes
 Is referred back to later
http://agrabah.livejournal.com/141874.html#cutid1
Character Design/Model Sheets

 Groups of pictures
 Shows all expressions a character can make
 All the poses of a character
 Created to keep animations accurate
 Used to compare the scale of characters
Animatic

 Timed, moving version of the storyboard
 Made of frames from the storyboard
 Helps get a better sense of motion
 Helps to assess:
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Timing
Presentation
Soundtrack
What to include and exclude
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VYwflKyGRT8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wzkq6UFsEV8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UGyiQz5h_Y
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uDGPZt-Qos
Careers in Pre-Production

 Production Director
 Art Director
 Designer
 Character Designer
 Prop Designer
 Background Designer
 Storyboard Artist
 Layout Artist
 Etc.
Dialogue

After the story is laid out, the story is dialoged with
actors to make the voice of the characters
Drawing

After the dialogue is recorded, the artist draw up the
story characters. There can be 50,000 drawings for a
film
Once the story is drawn up, it goes through a
computer that makes the drawings perfect to be come
a Cel.
Painting

The Cels are still in black and white so they are sent
to painters to get a crisp character
But before the animation film can be produced, the
background is made
Filming

A special lens is used to do the filming by framing
each drawing
Then they are played to get an animated film
22
Cels

 They allow some of the frames to be used again
23
Limited animation

 Low budget
 photo copy
 allows for minor changes
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Animation Loops

 Repeats image
 Copys two images over and over again
25
Xerography

 Makes the Cel image in color rather than in black
and white
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Rotoscoping

 Uses light to capture a real life image
 image looks like its been animated
27
Special Effects
Animation

 Uses drawings to reverse the Cel cycle.
 Makes image look life like.
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Examples:
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Pokemon
Wile E the coyote
Aladdin
Tom and Jerry
Walle
Lillo and Stich
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&NR=1&v=xRnyAClVy2Y
Overview of PostProduction

 The third and final stage in creating an animation
 Includes:
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Rendering
Compositing
Editing
Sound Editing
Sound and Music Score(soundtrack)
Titles and Credits
 Careers:
-
Editor/ Editing Assistant
Colorist
Runner
Visual Effects(VFX)
Rendering

 Animation scenes series of
frames/video clip
 Done on the computer:
 Hand drawn/Computer
animation
 2D/3D animation
 Individual elements later
merged in composition
 Alpha Transparency
 Each element on background
for merging/overlaid on scene
Compositing

 Separate elements from
rendering Combined
and merged together
 Allows additional
effects:
 Special effects
 Background scene/
Characters
Editing

 Rendered pieces of
animation in the right order
of events
 Past: video tape/film based
methods
 Nowadays, digital non-linear video
editing software



Flexible
Widespread use
Apple known for editing software
Sound Editing

 Separate process to
editing video track, uses
editing software
 Selecting/assembling
sound recording for final
sound mix
 Lip syncing
 Add all sound effects
 Final sound mix
Sound and Music Score

 Big in success of
animation
 All of the audio:
 Music
 Sound Effects
 Dialogue
 Plays big part in story
telling:
 Changes in audio changes mood
 http://www.youtube.c
om/watch?v=iIgzw8_fe
94
Titles and Credits

 Purpose(Lets audience know):

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Who made it
When the animation was made
Who funded it(optional)
Because people may want to know
more about the people’s work
 Involves addition of
titles/sequences
 More creative titling requires
more work:


Done in production stage
Includes live-action footage, hand-drawn,
stop-motion, 2D/3D animation footage
 http://www.youtube.c
om/watch?v=TQ52yVq
Ydy4
Careers In Post-Production

 Compositor
 Editor
 Colorists
 Special Effects
Animation
 Checker
 Sound Editor
 Composer
Animation Industry

 Current status:
 Booming in Asia
 Growth slows in
N.America/Europe
 Future outlook:
 Technology  new ways of
entertainment Growing
demand for animation
 More outsourcing to Asia, esp.
South Korea
 Statistics(US):
 Average salary:$63,440
 Average wage:$30.50
 Annual growth rate:12%
Bibliography
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