National Institutes of Health
Building 37 Modernization
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
The Pennsylvania State University
Department of Architectural Engineering
Spring 2005 Thesis
Presentation Outline
• General Project
Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
General Project Information
• Located in Bethesda, Maryland
on the National Institutes of
Health (NIH) campus
• Began modernization phases
in 1997
• $82.8 million
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Presentation Outline
• General Project
Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Project Team
•
Owners:
– National Institutes of Health (NIH)
– National Cancer Institute (NCI)
•
Architects:
– FLAD & Associates, Inc.
– Louviere, Stratton & Yokel (LSY)
•
Engineers:
– AEPA Architects & Engineers, P.C.
– Affiliated Engineers, Inc. (MEP)
– James Posey Associates, Inc. (Consulting
Engineers)
– Aerosol Monitoring & Analysis (Environmental)
– Rathgeber/Goss Associates (Structural)
– JBG Engineers (Audiovisual)
•
General Contractor:
– Whiting Turner
•
CM:
– Smith Management Construction, Inc.
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Presentation Outline
• General Project
Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Existing Conditions
• Architectural Features
– Two circulation towers
– Four utility corridors
• Architectural Design
–
–
–
–
21,889 m2 (235,613 ft2)
6 stories above grade
Offices & laboratories
Mechanical penthouse
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Existing Conditions
• Electrical/Lighting
– Underground duct system from Bldg 36
– Main distribution: 4000A, 480Y/277V, 3-phase, 4-wire
– Transformers: (3) 2500kVA, 13.8kV to 480Y/277V, 3phase, 4-wire
– Fluorescent light fixtures: RF suppression ballasts
– Laboratory lighting density = 2.5 W/m2
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Existing Conditions
• Structural
– Steel column grid matrix
– Pre-cast concrete panels
– Pre-tensioned concrete floor
slabs
• Roof System
– Concrete slab on metal roof
deck
– Roof drains
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Existing Conditions
• Mechanical
– (8) 100% OA AHUs supplying to a zoned VAV system
• Approximately 28,000-29,000 L/s (59,000-61,000 cfm)
– (8) Fume exhaust fans 32,000 L/s (68,000 cfm)
– District heating/cooling
• Chilled water: 6ºC, (3) constant speed tertiary pumps
• Steam: 20,000 lbs/hr, 165 psi
• Fire Protection
– Passive System
• Corridors: 1 hour fire rating
• Independent risers for fume hoods
– Active System
• Zoned automatic sprinkler system
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Presentation Outline
• General Project
Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Redesign Goals
• Mechanical
–
–
–
–
Energy Efficient
Decreased Cooling Load
Cost Savings
State-of-the-Art Laboratory and Research Facility
• Solar
– Decrease Peak Electrical Load
– Cost Efficient
• Structural
– Support Additional Loads of New Equipment
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Design Conditions
Outdoor Design Conditions
Cooling
Heating
DBT ºC
WBT ºC
34.3
24.1
-10.3
N/A
Indoor Design Conditions
Cooling
Heating
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
DBT ºC
% RH
23
50
21
50
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Presentation Outline
• General Project
Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Mechanical Redesign
• Passive Desiccant Dehumidification – Energy Recovery
– Cross-contamination concerns with fume hoods
– Based on SEMCO model: EXCLU-SIEVE 3 Ǻ
molecular sieve desiccant coating
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Mechanical Redesign
• SEMCO EXCLU-SIEVE TE3-70 Model
AHU
Face
Velocity
Pressure
Loss
Effectiveness
Purge
Volume
Chiller
Reduction
Capacity
Boiler
Reduction
Capacity
Fpm
In. wg
%
Supply
Return
Supply
Return
cfm
tons
boiler hp
AHU-1
800
0.8
83.5
1.73
0.63
1.22
0.51
3800
336.23
147.12
AHU-2
850
0.9
82.5
1.73
0.63
1.22
0.51
3800
347.44
152.03
AHU-3
850
0.9
82.5
1.73
0.63
1.22
0.51
3800
347.44
152.03
AHU-4
800
0.8
83.5
1.73
0.63
1.22
0.51
3800
336.23
147.12
AHU-5
800
0.8
83.5
1.73
0.63
1.22
0.51
3800
336.23
147.12
AHU-6
800
0.8
83.5
1.73
0.63
1.22
0.51
3800
336.23
147.12
AHU-7
850
0.9
82.5
1.73
0.63
1.22
0.51
3800
347.44
152.03
AHU-8
850
0.9
82.5
1.73
0.63
1.22
0.51
3800
347.44
152.03
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
Unit
Effectiveness
Cooling
Unit
Effectiveness
Heating
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Mechanical Redesign
• Performance Data
–
–
–
–
–
Velocity: 900 fpm
Wheel efficiency: 76%
Pressure drop: 0.94 in. wg
Wheel model size: 70
Airflow rate: 29,900 L/s
(63,360 cfm)
C = 89.4 in
B = 79.1 in
• Unit Dimensions
– Net weight: 4680 lbs
– Flow area/side: 70.4 ft2
– Nominal airflow: 26,500 L/s A = 171.5 in
(56,000 cfm)
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
W = 23.0 in
D = 84.3 in
The Pennsylvania
State University
Mechanical Redesign
AHU-#
Equipment
First Cost ($)
Installation
Cost ($)
First Cost
Savings
($)
Immediate
Payback w/
Positive PCV ($)
Cooling
Capacity
Required
(tons)
Existing
Cooling
Load
(tons)
Heating
Capacity
Required
(MBH)
Existing
Heating
Load
(MBH)
AHU-1
45,000
22,500
60,362
233,838
161.59
178.6
1165
415.7
AHU-2
45,000
22,500
64,030
241,280
168.02
204
1217
105.8
AHU-3
45,000
22,500
64,030
241,280
168.02
175
1217
104.1
AHU-4
45,000
22,500
60,362
233,838
161.59
168.2
1165
87.1
AHU-5
45,000
22,500
60,362
233,838
161.59
167.8
1165
80.3
AHU-6
45,000
22,500
60,362
233,838
161.59
167.1
1165
72.4
AHU-7
45,000
22,500
64,030
241,280
168.02
167.4
1217
74.3
AHU-8
45,000
22,500
64,030
241,280
168.02
165.7
1217
80.9
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Presentation Outline
• General Project
Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Solar Analysis
• Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Cells
– Converts solar radiation into electric power
– Feasibility
• 4-5kWh/m2/day
– Peak Electric Load
• 5,846,644 kWh
– BP Solar 4160 S
• 62.7”x31.1”
• 2480 modules
• 512,216 kWh
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Solar Analysis
Total Initial Costs = $3,424,712
Photovoltaic Project Cumulative Cash Flows
NIH Building 37 Modern., Bethesda, Maryland
Total Initial Costs:
Renewable energy delivered (MWh/yr): 512.216
$
3,424,712
13
14
Net average GHG reduction (tCO2/yr): 241.47
30,000,000
25,000,000
Cumulative Cash Flows ($)
20,000,000
15,000,000
10,000,000
5,000,000
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
(5,000,000)
IRR and ROI: 52.2%
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
2.1 years
Years
Year-to-positive cash flow: 2.1 yr
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
Net Present Value: $ 8,150,422
The Pennsylvania
State University
Presentation Outline
• General Project
Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Structural Impact Analysis
• Increased Loading
Mechanical Equip.
4,680 lbs
PV Solar Modules
84,320 lbs
Total
121,760 lbs = 121.8 kips
• ASCE 7-98
– Roof Live Load (Lr=20R1R2=16 psf)
– Reduction in Live Load
• LRFD
– Member sizing (Columns and Composite Beams)
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Structural Impact Analysis
Roof Design
NonColumn
Design
Mechanical
Floor
composite
Design
1.3C24 with
t=3.3” LW
concrete slab
W12x26 Composite
Beam
253 kips
203kips
516 kips
413 kips
165N4k
Joist Girder
778 kips
623 kips
Composite 3VLI17
with t=6.5” NW
concrete slabs
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
1040 kips
16K2 Joists
833 kips
with 2 Rows
Bridging
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Presentation Outline
• General Project
Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Conclusions
• Recommendations
Total
Equipment
First Cost
($)
Installation
Cost ($)
First Cost
Savings
($)
Immediate
Payback w/
Positive PCV
($)
Cooling
Capacity
Required
(tons)
Existing
Cooling
Load
(tons)
Heating
Capacity
Required
(MBH)
Existing
Heating
Load
(MBH)
360,000
180,000
497,568
1,900,472
1318.44
1393.8
9530
10206
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Presentation Outline
• General Project
Information
• Project Team
• Existing Conditions
• Redesign Goals
• Mechanical Redesign
• Solar Analysis
• Structural Analysis
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Acknowledgements
• Special Thanks to…
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
The AE Department, Staff & Faculty
AEI sponsor: Michael Soong
LSY sponsors: James Louviere and Christine Ward
Smith Management sponsor: Randy Baer
Mechanical Professors, especially Dr. Jim Freihaut
My Family and Friends
AE Class of 2005
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University
Questions
Katie L. McGimpsey
Mechanical Option
NIH Building 37 Modernization
Spring 2005
The Pennsylvania
State University