Code No: R10103/R10
SET-1
I B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, February 2011
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1 (a) Explain the Principle of Superposition of waves.
(b) Describe and explain the phenomenon of interference of light by Young’s double
slit experiment.
(c) In Young’s double slit experiment the separation of the slits is 1.9mm and the
fringe spacing is 0.31mm on a screen placed at a distance of 1 m from the slits.
Calculate the wavelength of light.
[2M+7M+6M]
2 (a) What are the types of diffractions and give the differences between them.
(b) Obtain the condition for primary maxima in Fraunhofer diffraction due to single slit
and derive an expression for width of the central maxima.
[6M+9M]
3 Explain the following in detail:
(a) Polarised light (b) Double refraction (c) Optic axis (d) Half wave plate
[3M+4M+3M+5M]
4 (a) Illustrate the Simple Cubic crystal structure.
(b) Obtain expressions for Coordination Number, Nearest Neighbor Distance, Atomic
Radius and Packing Fraction for SC lattice.
(c) Is unit cell of SC lattice a primitive or not? Why?
[3M+10M+2M]
5 (a) What are Miller indices? How are they obtained?
(b) Deduce the expression for the inter planar distance in terms of Miller indices for a
cubic system.
(c) Copper has FCC structure and the atomic radius is 0.1278 nm. Calculate the inter
planar spacing for (1 1 0) and (2 1 2) planes.
[4M+7M+4M]
6 (a) What do you understand by Population inversion? How is it achieved?
(b) Derive the relation between the probabilities of spontaneous and stimulated emissions in
terms of Einstein coefficients.
(c) Mention some important applications of lasers.
[3M+8M+4M]
7 (a) Explain the principle behind the functioning of optical fiber.
(b) Derive expression for acceptance angle for an optical fiber. How is it related to numerical
aperture?
(c) Calculate the numerical Aperture and Acceptance angle for an optical fiber with core and
cladding refractive indices being 1.48 and 1.45 respectively.
[3M+8M+4M]
8 (a) Explain the working of Ultrasonic flaw detector.
(b) Explain three different and most common types of scans used in Ultrasonic inspection.
[3M+12M]
Code No: R10103/R10
SET-2
I B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, February 2011
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1 (a) What are the necessary conditions for obtaining interference fringes?
(b) Explain the colours in a thin film when exposed to sunlight.
(c) A parallel beam of light ( λ = 5890Ǻ), is incident on a glass plate (µ = 1.5) such
that angle of refraction into plate is 60o. Calculate the smallest thickness of the plate
which will make it appear dark by reflection.
[3M+8M+4M]
2 (a) Explain what is meant by diffraction of light. How diffraction is different from
interference?
(b) Discuss Fraunhofer single slit diffraction. Draw intensity distribution curves and give
conditions for bright and dark fringes in single slit diffraction pattern
[5M+10M]
3 (a) What is meant by Double Refraction?
(b) Write notes on Optic axis and its characteristics.
(c) Discuss the construction and action of Nicol prism.
[2M+5M+8M]
4 (a) Explain the terms Basis, Unit Cell and Primitive Cell.
(b) Define Packing Fraction and Coordination Number. Obtain the expression for
Packing Fraction of FCC crystal.
(c) Copper has FCC structure and its atomic radius is 1.278Å, calculate the density if atomic
weight of copper is 63.5.
[3M+8M+4M]
5 (a) State Bragg’s law of X-ray diffraction.
(b) Describe with suitable diagram, the powder method for determination of crystal structure.
(c) The Bragg’s angle for reflection from the (1 1 1) plane in FCC crystal is 19.2o for an X-ray
wavelength of 1.54Å. Compute the cube edge of the unit cell.
[2M+9M+4M]
6 (a) Describe how population inversion is very important in laser.
(b) With the help of suitable diagrams, explain the principle, construction and working
of a He-Ne laser.
(c) Mention some important applications of lasers.
[2M+9M+4M]
7 (a) Explain the principle behind the functioning of optical fiber.
(b) Derive expression for acceptance angle for an optical fiber. How is it related to numerical
aperture?
(c) Calculate the numerical Aperture and Acceptance angle for an optical fiber with core and
cladding refractive indices being 1.48 and 1.45 respectively.
[3M+8M+4M]
8 (a) What are Ultrasonic transducers? Write a note on quartz crystal transducer.
(b) Explain the need of inspection standards in ultrasonic inspection. [7M+4M+4M]
(c) Write a note on couplants used in ultrasonic inspection.
Code No: R10103/R10
SET-3
I B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, February 2011
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1 (a) What is Superposition principle?
(b) With ray diagram discuss the theory of thin films and derive the condition for
constructive and destructive interference in the case of reflected system.
[2M+13M]
2 (a) What is meant by Diffraction of light? Explain it on the basis of Huygen’s wave theory.
(b) Explain with necessary theory how wavelength of spectral line is determined using plane
diffraction grating.
[5M+10M]
3 (a) How the polarized light is different from ordinary light?
(b) Write notes on Nicol prism.
(c) Find the minimum thickness of half and quarter wave plates for a light beam, λ=589.3nm
if µe= 1.48640 and µo= 1.65833.
[4M+7M+4M]
4 (a) Explain the terms ‘Basis’ and ‘Space lattice’.
(b) Obtain the relation between the edge of the unit cell and atomic radius for SC, BCC and
FCC lattices.
(c) Chromium has BCC structure. Its atomic radius is 0.1249 nm. Calculate the free volume
per unit cell.
[2M+9M+4M]
5 (a) What are Miller Indices? How are they obtained?
(b) State and prove Bragg’s law of X-ray diffraction.
(c) What is the limiting condition for Bragg’s law?
[5M+8M+2M]
6 (a) Explain the characteristics of Lasers.
(b) Mention any two applications of laser each in the field of scientific research, engineering
and medicine.
(c) Explain the construction and working of semiconductor Laser.
[4M+3M+8M]
7 (a) What are the conditions to produce total internal reflection in optical fiber.
(b) Describe structure of different types of Optical fibers with ray paths.
(c) Calculate the angle of acceptance of a given optical fiber, if the refraction indices
of the core and the cladding are 1.563 and 1.498 respectively.
[3M+8M+4M]
8 (a) What are Ultrasonic transducers? Write a note on quartz crystal transducer.
(b) Explain the need of inspection standards in ultrasonic inspection.
(c) Write a note on couplants used in ultrasonic inspection.
[7M+4M+4M]
Code No: R10103/R10
SET-4
I B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, February 2011
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1 (a) With necessary theory explain the experimental procedure to determine the
wavelength of the light using Newton’s rings.
(b) Newton’s rings are observed in the reflected light of wavelength 5900Ǻ. The diameter of
10th dark ring is 0.5cm. Find the radius of curvature of the lense used.
[11M+4M]
2 (a) Explain what is meant by diffraction of light. How diffraction is different from
interference?
(b) Discuss Fraunhofer single slit diffraction. Draw intensity distribution curves and give
conditions for bright and dark fringes in single slit diffraction pattern
[5M+10M]
3 (a) How the polarized light is different from ordinary light?
(b) Write notes on Nicol prism.
(c) Find the minimum thickness of half and quarter wave plates for a light beam, λ=589.3nm
if µe= 1.48640 and µo= 1.65833.
[4M+7M+4M]
4 (a) Illustrate the Face Centre Cubic crystal structure.
(b) Obtain expressions for Coordination Number, Nearest Neighbor Distance, Atomic Radius
and Packing Fraction for FCC lattice.
(c) Is unit cell of FCC lattice a primitive or not? Why?
[3M+10M+2M]
5 (a) State Bragg’s law of X-ray diffraction.
(b) Explain the Principle, procedure and advantages of Debye-Scherrer method of Xray diffraction.
(c) The distance between (110) planes n a BCC structure is 0.203nm. What is the size of the
unit cell? What is the radius of the atom?
[2M+9M+4M]
6 (a) What do you understand by Population inversion? How is it achieved?
(b) Derive the relation between the probabilities of spontaneous and stimulated emissions in
terms of Einstein coefficients.
(c) Mention some important applications of lasers.
[3M+8M+4M]
7 (a) Explain the purpose of an active medium in a laser.
(b) With the help of suitable diagram, explain the principle, construction and working
of semiconductor laser.
(c) Calculate the wavelength of emitted radiation from GaAs which has a band gap of
1.44 ev.
[3M+8M+4M]
8 (a) What are Ultrasonic transducers? Write a note on quartz crystal transducer.
(b) Explain the need of inspection standards in ultrasonic inspection.
(c) Write a note on couplants used in ultrasonic inspection.
[7M+4M+4M]
Code No: R10103/R10
SET-1
I B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, July - 2011
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks :75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1 (a) What are the necessary conditions for obtaining interference fringes?
(b) Discuss the theory of Newton’s rings with relevant diagram.
(c) Two coherent sources whose intensity ratio is 36:1 produce interference fringes. Deduce
the ratio of maximum intensity to minimum intensity.
2 (a) What is meant by Diffraction of light? Explain it on the basis of Huygen’s wave theory.
(b) Explain with necessary theory, the Fraunhoffer diffraction due to ‘n’ slits.
(c) Calculate the maximum number of orders possible for a plane diffraction grating.
3 (a) How the polarized light is different from ordinary light?
(b) Explain Double refraction and Write notes on Nicol prism.
(c) Find the minimum thickness of half and quarter wave plates for a light beam, λ=589.3nm
if µe= 1.48640 and µo= 1.65833.
4 (a) What are Lattice parameters?
(b) What are the seven crystal systems and write the relation between lattice parameters in
various crystal systems.
(c) Classify various lattice types in the crystal system and specify the effective number of
lattice points per unit cell in each lattice type.
5 (a) State Bragg’s law of X-ray diffraction.
(b) Describe Bragg’s X-ray spectrometer and explain how Bragg’s law can be verified.
(c) Monochromatic X-rays of wavelength 1.5Å are incident on a crystal face having
an interplanar spacing of 1.6Å. Find the highest order for which Bragg’s reflection
maximum can be seen.
6 (a) Explain the characteristic properties of Laser.
(b) With the help of suitable diagrams, explain the principle, construction and working of a
He-Ne laser.
(c) Mention some important applications of lasers.
7 (a) Explain the principle behind the functioning of optical fiber.
(b) Derive expression for acceptance angle for an optical fiber. How is it related to
numerical aperture?
(c) What are the advantages of optical fiber communication system?
8 (a) What are Ultrasonic transducers? Write a note on quartz crystal transducer.
(b) Explain the need of inspection standards in ultrasonic inspection.
(c) Write a note on couplants used in ultrasonic inspection.
Code No: R10103/R10
Set No - 2
I B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, July - 2011
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks :75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1 (a) Explain the concept of coherence.
(b) Discuss why two different sources of light of the same wavelength cannot produce
interference fringes.
(c) Give the theory of interference and obtain the condition for constructive and destructive
interference.
2 (a) Explain what is meant by diffraction of light.
(b) Differentiate between interference and diffraction intensity patterns. How do you
differentiate the Fresnel diffraction from Fraunhoffer diffraction?
(c) How many orders will be visible, if the wavelength of light is 5000Å. Given that
the number of lines per centimeter on the grating is 6655.
3 (a) What is meant by Double Refraction?
(b) Write notes on Optic axis and its characteristics.
(c) Discuss the construction and action of Nicol prism.
4 (a) What is Primitive cell? How does it different from unit cell?
(b) Illustrate the SC, BCC and FCC crystal structures.
(c) Derive the expression for density of the crystal in terms of lattice constant.
5 (a) What are Miller indices? How are they obtained?
(b) Deduce the expression for the interplanar distance in terms of Miller indices for a cubic
system.
(c) Copper has FCC structure and the atomic radius is 0.1278 nm. Calculate the interplanar
spacing for (1 1 0) and (2 1 2) planes.
6 (a) What do you understand by Population inversion? How can it be achieved?
(b) Derive the relation between the probabilities of spontaneous and stimulated emissions in
terms of Einstein coefficients.
(c) Mention some important applications of lasers.
7 (a) Explain the principle behind the functioning of optical fiber.
(b) What is meant by Intermodal dispersion in optical fibers? How to overcome this
problem? Explain.
(c) What are the advantages of optical fiber communication system?
8 (a) Explain the working of Ultrasonic flaw detector.
(b) Explain three different and most common types of scans used in Ultrasonic inspection.
Code No: R10103/R10
Set No - 3
I B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, July - 2011
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks :75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1 (a) With necessary theory explain the experimental procedure to determine the wavelength
of the light using Newton’s rings setup.
(b) Newton’s rings are observed in the reflected light of wavelength 5900Ǻ. The diameter of
10th dark ring is 0.5cm. Find the radius of curvature of the lense used..
2 (a) What are the types of diffractions and give the differences between them.
(b) Obtain the condition for primary maxima in Fraunhoffer diffraction due to single slit and
derive an expression for width of the central maxima.
3 (a)
How the polarized light is different from ordinary light?
(b) Explain Double refraction and Write notes on Nicol prism.
(c) Find the minimum thickness of half and quarter wave plates for a light beam, λ=589.3nm
if µe= 1.48640 and µo= 1.65833.
4 (a)
What is Primitive cell? How does it different from unit cell?
(b)
Illustrate the SC, BCC and FCC crystal structures.
(c)
Derive the expression for density of the crystal in terms of lattice constant.
5 (a)
Discuss Bragg’s law of X-ray diffraction.
(b) Describe the powder method to determine crystal structure.
(c)
Monochromatic X-rays of wavelength 1.5 A.U. are incident on a crystal face having an
interplanar spacing of 1.6 A.U. find the highest order for which Bragg’s reflection
maximum can be seen.
6 (a)
Explain the characteristics of Lasers.
(b) Mention any two applications of laser each in the field of scientific research, engineering
and medicine.
(c) Explain the construction and working of semiconductor Laser.
7 (a) Explain the principle behind the functioning of optical fiber.
(b) Derive expression for acceptance angle for an optical fiber. How is it related to
numerical aperture?
(c) What are the advantages of optical fiber communication system?
8 (a)
(b)
Explain the working of Ultrasonic flaw detector.
Explain three different and most common types of scans used in Ultrasonic inspection.
Code No: R10103/R10
SET-4
I B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, July - 2011
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks :75
1 (a) Explain the Principle of Superposition of waves.
(b) Describe and explain the phenomenon of interference of light by Young’s double slit
experiment.
(c) In Young’s double slit experiment the separation of the slits is 1.9mm and the fringe
spacing is 0.31mm on a screen placed at a distance of 1 m from the slits. Calculate the
wavelength of light.
2 (a) Explain what is meant by diffraction of light. How diffraction is different from
interference?
(b) Explain with necessary theory how wavelength of spectral line is determined using plane
diffraction grating.
(c) Show that the grating with 500 lines/cm cannot give a spectrum in the 4th order for the
light of wavelength 5890Å.
3 (a) Discuss various methods by which polarized light can be produced.
(b) What are Quarter and Half wave plates?
(c) Calculate the thickness of half wave plate of quartz for a wavelength 500nm. Here µe=
1.553 and µ o= 1.544.
4 (a) Explain the terms ‘Basis’ and ‘Space lattice’.
(b) Obtain the relation between the edge of the unit cell and atomic radius for SC, BCC and
FCC lattices.
(c) Chromium has BCC structure. Its atomic radius is 0.1249 nm. Calculate the free volume
per unit cell.
5 (a) State and explain Bragg’s law.
(b) Explain how the X-ray diffraction can be employed to determine the crystal structure.
(c) Find the ratio of interplanar distances of (100), (110) and (111) planes for a simple cubic
structure.
6 (a) Explain the characteristic properties of Laser.
(b) With the help of suitable diagrams, explain the principle, construction and working of a
He-Ne laser.
(c) Mention some important applications of lasers.
7 (a) Explain the principle behind the functioning of optical fiber.
(b) What is meant by Intermodal dispersion in optical fibers? How to overcome this problem?
(c) What are the advantages of optical fiber communication system?
8 (a) What are Ultrasonic transducers? Write a note on quartz crystal transducer.
(b) Explain the need of inspection standards in ultrasonic inspection.
(c) Write a note on couplants used in ultrasonic inspection.
Code No: R10103 / R10
SET -1
I B.Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations January 2012
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to all branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a) What is interference of light waves? What are the conditions necessary for
obtaining interference fringes?
(b) Describe Young’s double slit experiment and obtain an expression for fringe width.
(c) Two narrow and parallel slits 0.08 cm apart are illuminated by light of frequency 8x
1011kHz. It is desired to have a fringe width of 6x10-4m. Where the screen should be placed
from the slits?
[5M + 6M + 4M]
2.(a) What are the differences between interference and diffraction.
(b) Describe the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern obtained with single slit.
(c) A plane transmission grating having 4250 lines per cm is illuminated with sodium light
normally. In second order spectrum the spectral lines are deviated by 30oare
observed. Find the wavelength of the spectral line.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
3.(a) What are the quarter and half wave plates?
(b) Derive the expressions for thickness of quarter and half wave plates.
(c) Plane polarized light passes through a quartz plate with its axis parallel to the
face. Calculate the thickness of the plate so that the emergent light may be plane polarized. For
quartz µe = 1.553, µo = 1.542; λ = 5.5x10-5 cm.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
4.(a) Define crystal lattice, unit cell, lattice parameter and coordination number.
(b) Describe the FCC crystal structure and obtain the expression for its packing factor.
(c) Iron has BCC structure below 910oC and is FCC structure above 910oC. The
atomic radius of an atom is the same in both the cases. Calculate the ratio of the
packing densities of bulk iron in the two structures at below 910oC.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
5.(a) Define Miller indices for designating
[4M + 4M + 7M]
(i) direction, (ii) plane, (iii) family of directions and (iv) family of planes.
(b) Sketch the ( 1 0 2) and (2 0 1) planes in a cubic unit cell.
(c) Derive an expression for inter planar distance between parallel planes ( h k l ).
6.(a) What are the characteristics of a laser beam?
(b) Describe the construction and working of He-Ne laser.
[5M + 10M]
7.(a) What is the principle behind the functioning of an optical fiber?
(b) Discuss various factors contributing to attenuation in optical fibers.
(c) The optical power launched into an optical fiber is 1.5 mW. The fiber has attenuation of
0.5 db/km. If the power output is 2 µm, calculate the fiber length.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
8.(a) Explain different types of scans in NDT.
(b) Explain various applications of ultrasonic testing.
[8M + 7M]
Code No: R10103 / R10
SET-2
I B.Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations January 2012
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to all branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a) Two independent non-coherent sources of light cannot produce an interference
pattern. Why?
(b) With ray diagram discuss the theory of thin films and derive the condition for
constructive and destructive interference in the case of reflected system.
(c) A parallel beam of light ( λ = 5890x10-10m ) is incident on a thin glass plate (µ
= 1.5 ) such that the angle of refraction into the plate is 60o. Calculate the smallest thickness
of plate which would appear dark by reflection.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
2.(a) What are the types of diffraction and give the differences between them.
(b) Obtain the condition for primary and secondary maxima in Fraunhofer diffraction due to
single slit and derive an expression for width of the central maxima.
[6M + 9M]
3.(a) What are the quarter and half wave plates?
(b) Derive the expressions for thickness of quarter and half wave plates.
(c) Plane polarized light passes through a quartz plate with its axis parallel to the
face. Calculate the thickness of the plate so that the emergent light may be plane polarized. For
quartz µe = 1.553, µo = 1.542; λ = 5.5x10-5 cm.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
4.(a) Explain the unit cell and lattice parameters. What is primitive cell and how does it differ
from unit cell.
(b) Describe the BCC crystal structure and obtain the expression for its packing factor.
(c) Iron has BCC structure below 910oC and is FCC structure above 910oC. The
atomic radius of an atom is the same in both the cases. Calculate the ratio of the
packing densities of bulk iron in the two structures at below 910oC.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
5.(a) Sketch the ( 1 2 2) and (1 0 2) planes in a cubic unit cell.
(b) State and derive Bragg’s law.
(c) How do distinguish between the simple cubic, BCC and FCC using powder X-ray
diffraction data?
[4M + 5M + 6M]
6.(a) Describe the various methods of pumping lasers with suitable examples.
(b) Describe the construction and working of semiconductor laser.
[5M + 10M]
7.(a) Define acceptance angle and numerical aperture. Derive the expressions for them.
(b) Calculate the number of modes propagating in an optical fiber of core of 6µm diameter,
(given that the indices are 1.45 and 1.44 for core and cladding respectively) while
operated at a wavelength of 0.623 µm.
[11M + 4M]
8.(a) Explain the basic principle of ultrasonic testing
(b) What are the advantages and limitations of ultrasonic testing.
[5M + 10M]
Code No: R10103 / R10
SET-3
I B.Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations January 2012
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to all branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a) What are Newton’s rings? How are they formed? Why are they circular?
(b) Show that the radii of Newton’s rings are in the ratio of the square roots of the
natural numbers.
(c) In Newton’s rings experiment, the diameters of the 4th and 12th dark rings are 0.40 cm
and 0.70 cm respectively. Find the diameter of the 20th dark ring.
[6M + 5M + 4M]
2.(a) What are the differences between interference and diffraction.
(b) Describe the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern obtained with single slit.
(c) A plane transmission grating having 4250 lines per cm is illuminated with sodium light
normally.In second order spectrum the spectral lines are deviated by 30o are
observed. Find the wavelength of the spectral line.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
3.(a) Explain Brewster’s law.
(b) Describe the construction and action of nicol prism.
(c) Find the polarizing angle for a glass of refractive index 1.732.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
4.(a) Explain the unit cell and lattice parameters. What is primitive cell and how does it differ
from unit cell.
(b) Describe the BCC crystal structure and obtain the expression for its packing factor.
(c) Iron has BCC structure below 910oC and is FCC structure above 910oC. The
atomic radius of an atom is the same in both the cases. Calculate the ratio of the
packing densities of bulk iron in the two structures at below 910oC.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
5.(a) Define Miller indies for designating i) direction, ii) plane, iii) family of directions and iv)
family of planes.
[4M + 4M + 7M]
(b) Sketch the ( 1 0 2) and (2 0 1) planes in a cubic unit cell.
(c) Derive an expression for inter planar distance between parallel planes ( h k l ).
6.(a) Describe the expressions for
(i) spontaneous emission,(ii) stimulated emission,(iii) absorption and (iv) population inversion.
(b) Obtain the relation between Einstein’s coefficients.
[8M + 7M]
7.(a) What is the principle behind the functioning of an optical fiber?
(b) Discuss various factors contributing to attenuation in optical fibers.
(c) The optical power launched into an optical fiber is 1.5 mW. The fiber has attenuation of
0.5 db/km. If the power output is 2 µm, calculate the fiber length.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
8.(a) Discuss various non-destructive testing systems which are commonly adopted in
industries using ultrasonics.
(b) Describe the ultrasonic flaw detector with suitable diagram.
[10M + 5M]
Code No: R10103 / R10
SET-4
I B.Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations January 2012
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to all branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a) Explain why the centre of Newton’s rings is dark in the reflected system.
(b) Describe how you would use Newton’s rings to determine the wavelength of a
monochromatic radiation and derive the relevant formula.
(c) In Neton’s rings experiment, the diameter of the 10th ring changes from 1.40 cm to 1.27
cm when a liquid is introduced between the lens and the plate. Calculate the
refractive index of the liquid.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
2.(a) What are the types of diffraction and give the differences between them.
(b) Obtain the condition for primary and secondary maxima in Fraunhofer diffraction due to
single slit and derive an expression for width of the central maxima.
[6M + 9M]
3.(a) Explain Brewster’s law.
(b) Describe the construction and action of nicol prism.
(c) Find the polarizing angle for a glass of refractive index 1.732.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
4.(a) Define crystal lattice, unit cell, lattice parameter and coordination number.
(b) Describe the FCC crystal structure and obtain the expression for its packing factor.
(c) Iron has BCC structure below 910oC and is FCC structure above 910oC. The
atomic
radius of an atom is the same in both the cases. Calculate the ratio of the
packing densities of bulk iron in the two structures at below 910oC.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
5.(a) Sketch the ( 1 2 2) and (1 0 2) planes in a cubic unit cell.
(b) State and derive Bragg’s law.
(c) How do distinguish between the simple cubic, BCC and FCC using powder X-ray
diffraction data?
[4M + 5M + 6M]
6.(a) Describe the
(i) spontaneous emission,(ii) stimulated emission,(iii) absorption and (iv) population inversion.
(b) Obtain the relation between Einstein’s coefficients.
[8M + 7M]
7.(a) Define acceptance angle and numerical aperture. Derive the expressions for for
both of them.
(b) Calculate the number of modes propagating in an optical fiber of core of 6µm diameter,
(given that the indices are 1.45 and 1.44 for core and cladding respectively) while
operated at a wavelength of 0.623 µm.
[11M + 4M]
8.(a) Explain different types of scans in NDT.
(b) Explain various applications of ultrasonic testing.
[8M + 7M]
Subject Code-: R10103/R10
Set-1
I B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations June - 2012
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks : 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a) Give the conditions for producing good interference fringes.
(b) Explain with theory, the Newton’s rings method to determine the wavelength of
monochromatic light.
(c) In Newton’s rings experiment, the diameter of the 15th ring was found to be 0.59 cm and
that of the 5th ring was 0.336 cm. If the radius of the plano convex lens is 100 cm,
compute the wavelength of light used.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
2.(a) What is diffraction grating? Explain with necessary theory, the Fraunhofer diffraction due
to ‘n’ slits.
[12M + 3M]
(b) Calculate the maximum number of orders possible for a plane diffraction grating.
3.(a) What is Malus’ law? What is Brewster’s law? Prove that the angle between reflected and
refracted beams is 900, if the angle incidence corresponds to Brewster’s angle.
(b) The refractive index of calcite for ordinary ray is 1.658 and for extra ordinary ray
it is 1.486. The slice having the thickness 0.9x10-4 cm is cut from the crystal. For what
wavelength this slice acts as half wave plate?
[11M + 4M]
4.(a) Define Coordination Number, Nearest Neighbor Distance, Atomic Radius and
Packing Fraction.
(b) Obtain the relation between the edge of the unit cell and atomic radius for SC, BCC and
FCC lattices.
(c) Chromium has BCC structure. Its atomic radius is 0.1249 nm. Calculate the free volume
per unit cell.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
5.(a) State and explain Bragg’s law of X-ray diffraction.
(b) Describe with suitable diagram, the powder method for determination of crystal structure.
(c) The Bragg’s angle for reflection from the (1 1 1) plane in FCC crystal is 19.2o for an Xray wavelength of 1.54Å. Compute the cube edge of the unit cell.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
6.(a) Explain the characteristics of Laser beam.
(b) What are the necessary conditions for lasing action?
(c) What are Einstein coefficients? Derive the relation between them.
[4M + 3M + 8M]
7.(a) What is an Optical fiber? Describe different types of fibers by giving the refractive index
profiles and propagation details.
(b) The numerical aperture of an optical fiber is 0.39. if the difference in refractive index of its
core and cladding is 0.05, calculate the refractive index of material of the core.
[11M + 4M]
8.(a) Explain the working of Ultrasonic flaw detector.
(b) Explain three different and most common types of scans used in Ultrasonic inspection.
[6M + 9M]
Subject Code-: R10103/R10
Set-2
I B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations June - 2012
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks : 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a) Discuss the phenomenon of interference in thin films. Obtain the conditions for maxima
and minima.
(b) Why an extremely thin film appears black in reflected light?
(c) Calculate the thickness of a soap film (µ = 1.463) that will result in constructive
interference in the refected light, if the film is illuminated normally with light whose
wavelength in free space is 6000Å.
[8M + 3M + 4M]
2.(a) What is diffraction? Explain clearly the differences between interference and diffraction.
(b) Obtain the condition for primary maxima in Fraunhofer diffraction due to single slit
and derive an expression for width of the central maxima.
[5M + 10M]
3.(a) What is Malus’ law? What is Brewster’s law? Prove that the angle between reflected and
refracted beams is 900, if the angle incidence corresponds to Brewster’s angle.
(b) The refractive index of calcite for ordinary ray is 1.658 and for extra ordinary ray
it is 1.486. The slice having the thickness 0.9x10-4 cm is cut from the crystal. For what
wavelength this slice acts as half wave plate?
[11M + 4M]
4.(a) Explain the terms ‘lattice’, ‘basis’ and ‘unit cell’.
(b) Estimate the fraction of total volume occupied by atoms in BCC and FCC structures.
(c) Derive the expression for density of the crystal in terms of lattice constant.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
5.(a) What are Miller Indices? What are their important features?
(b) Calculate the ratio d100 :d110 :d111 for simple cubic structure.
(c) Sketch the following planes of the cubic unit cell: (110), (111), and ( 121).
[5M + 4M + 6M]
6.(a) Explain the characteristics of Laser beam.
(b) What are the necessary conditions for lasing action?
(c) What are Einstein coefficients? Derive the relation between them.
[4M + 3M + 8M]
7.(a) Explain Acceptance angle and derive expression for it.
(b) Write notes on Step Index and Graded Index fibers.
(c) For an optical fiber fractional index change is 0.14 and refractive index of cladding is 1.3.
Calculate refractive index of core.
[5M + 6M + 4M]
8.(a) Explain different types of scans in NDT.
(b) Explain various applications of ultrasonic testing.
[8M + 7M]
Subject Code-: R10103/R10
Set - 3
I B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations June - 2012
ENGINEERING PHYSICS – I (Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks : 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a) Explain the principle of Superposition of waves.
(b) Obtain an expression for fringe width in case of Young’s double slit experiment. In this
case of interference, prove that the dark and the bright bands are of equal width.
(c) Distance between the slits is 0.1 mm and the width of fringes formed on the screen is 5
mm. What would be the wavelength of light used, if the distance between the screen and
the slit is one meter?
[3M + 8M + 4M]
2.(a) What is diffraction grating? Explain theory of Fraunhofer diffraction due to ‘n’ slits.
(b) Calculate maximum number of orders possible for a plane diffraction grating. [12M + 3M]
3.(a) Explain the phenomenon of double refraction. How can it be used to produce a
plane polarized light?
(b) Describe the construction of Nicol prism.
(c) Refractive index of water is 1.33. Calculate the angle of polarization for light
reflected from the surface.
[6M + 5M + 4M]
4.(a) Define Coordination Number, Nearest Neighbor Distance, Atomic Radius and
Packing Fraction.
(b) Obtain the relation between the edge of the unit cell and atomic radius for SC, BCC and
FCC lattices.
(c) Chromium has BCC structure. Its atomic radius is 0.1249 nm. Calculate the free volume
per unit cell.
[4M + 7M + 4M]
5.(a) What are Miller Indices? What are their important features?
[5M + 4M + 6M]
(b) Calculate the ratio d100 :d110 :d111 for simple cubic structure.
(c) Sketch the following planes of the cubic unit cell: (110), (111), and ( 121).
6.(a) Explain the purpose of an active medium in a laser.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
(b) With the help of suitable diagram, explain the principle, construction and working of a
He-Ne laser.
(c) Calculate the wavelength of emitted radiation from GaAs which has a band gap of 1.44 ev.
7.(a) What is an Optical fiber? Describe different types of fibers by giving the refractive index
profiles and propagation details.
(b) The numerical aperture of an optical fiber is 0.39. if the difference in refractive index of
the material of its core and cladding is 0.05,calculate the refractive index of material of the
core.
[11M + 4M]
8.(a) Explain different types of scans in NDT.
(b) Explain various applications of ultrasonic testing.
[8M + 7M]
Subject Code-: R10103/R10
Set-4
I B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations June - 2012
ENGINEERING PHYSICS - I
(Common to All Branches)
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks : 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a) Give the conditions for producing good interference fringes.
(b) Explain with theory, the Newton’s rings method to determine the wavelength of
monochromatic light.
(c) In Newton’s rings experiment, the diameter of the 15th ring was found to be 0.59 cm and
that of the 5th ring was 0.336 cm. If the radius of the plano convex lens is 100 cm,
compute the wavelength of light used.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
2.(a) What is Rayleigh Criterion of resolution?
(b) Derive the expression for resolving power of grating.
(c) A diffraction grating having 4000 lines/cm is illuminated normally by light of wavelength
5000Å. Calculate its resolving power in the third order spectrum.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
3.(a) Distinguish between plane, circularly and elliptically polarized lights.
(b) Write notes on quarter and half wave plates.
(c) Find the thickness of the half wave plate, when the wavelength of light is equal to 5890Å,
µ0 = 1.55 and µe = 1.54.
[5M + 6M + 4M]
4.(a) Explain the terms ‘lattice’, ‘basis’ and ‘unit cell’.
(b) Estimate the fraction of total volume occupied by atoms in BCC and FCC structures.
(c) Derive the expression for density of the crystal in terms of lattice constant.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
5.(a) State and explain Bragg’s law of X-ray diffraction.
(b) Describe with suitable diagram, the powder method for determination of crystal structure.
(c) The Bragg’s angle for reflection from the (1 1 1) plane in FCC crystal is 19.2o for an Xray wavelength of 1.54Å. Compute the cube edge of the unit cell.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
6.(a) Explain the purpose of an active medium in a laser.
(b) With the help of suitable diagram, explain the principle, construction and working of a
He-Ne laser.
(c) Calculate the wavelength of emitted radiation from GaAs which has a band gap of 1.44 ev.
[3M + 8M + 4M]
7.(a) Explain Acceptance angle and derive expression for it.
(b) Write notes on Step Index and Graded Index fibers.
(c) For an optical fiber fractional index change is 0.14 and refractive index of cladding is 1.3.
Calculate refractive index of core.
[5M + 6M + 4M]
8.(a) Explain the basic principle of ultrasonic testing
(b) What are the advantages and limitations of ultrasonic testing?
[5M + 10M]