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The Rise of Segregation
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Describe the activities of Benjamin “Pap” Singleton
Discover the goals of the Populist party
Explain how the “grandfather clause” in Louisiana was used
to keep former slaves from voting.
Know where the term “Jim Crow Laws” came from
Understand the Supreme Court’s role in allowing segregation
Evaluate the role that Plessy v Ferguson played in
establishing legal doctrine of “separate but equal”
Know what lynching was and who it was carried out against
Describe the role that Ida B. Wells played in civil rights
Compare and contrast the activities and ideas of Booker T.
Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois on how to end discrimination
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After the Civil War, the living conditions in the south were
little better than slavery for black Americans.
o Many lived as sharecroppers.
o Conditions of poverty.
o Sought jobs in southern towns.
o Headed west to claim homesteads.
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-Exodus to Kansas
In 1879, 70-year-old Benjamin “Pap” Singleton, himself
formerly enslaved, took action to escape the conditions of
the rural South.
He organized a mass migration of thousands of African
Americans from the rural South to Kansas.
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-Forming a Separate Alliance
The Populist Party formed in 1891.
They hoped that the new People’s Party would unite poor
whites and poor blacks to challenge the Democratic Party’s
power in the South.
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Jim Crow laws. The term probably came from the name of a
character popularized by a slavery-era blackface minstrel.
In 1883 the Supreme Court set the stage for legalized
segregation by overturning the Civil Rights Act of 1875.
Southern states passed a series of laws that enforced
segregation in virtually all public places.
In 1892 an African American named Homer Plessy
challenged a Louisiana law that forced him to ride in a
separate railroad car from whites.
o In 1896 the Supreme Court, in
Plessy v. Ferguson, upheld the Louisiana
law and expressed a new legal doctrine
endorsing “separate but equal”
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In 1892 Ida B. Wells, a fiery young African American woman
from Tennessee, launched a fearless crusade against
lynching.
She reported that three African American grocers lynched in
Memphis had been guilty of nothing more than competing
successfully against white grocers.
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-A Call for Compromise
Booker T. Washington, proposed that African Americans
concentrate on achieving economic goals rather than legal
or political ones.
He was founder of Tuskegee Institute.
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-Voice of the Future
W.E.B. Du Bois was particularly concerned with protecting
and exercising voting rights.
In the years that followed, many African Americans worked
to win the vote and end discrimination.
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Describe the activities of Benjamin “Pap” Singleton
Discover the goals of the Populist party
Explain how the “grandfather clause” in Louisiana was used
to keep former slaves from voting.
Know where the term “Jim Crow Laws” came from
Understand the Supreme Court’s role in allowing segregation
Evaluate the role that Plessy v Ferguson played in
establishing legal doctrine of “separate but equal”
Know what lynching was and who it was carried out against
Describe the role that Ida B. Wells played in civil rights
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Summarize the ideas of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B.
Du Bois on how to solve discrimination against African
Americans.
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Summarize the ideas of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du
Bois on how to solve discrimination against African Americans.
o Booker T. Washington proposed that African Americans concentrate on
achieving economic goals rather than legal or political ones. In his
famous speech known as the Atlanta Compromise, he urged his fellow
African Americans to postpone the fight for civil rights and instead
concentrate on preparing themselves educationally and vocationally for
full equality.
o W.E.B. Du Bois challenged Washington’s ideas. He pointed out that
white Southerners continued to strip African Americans of their civil
rights, in spite of the progress they were making in education and
vocational training. Du Bois argued that African Americans could regain
that lost ground and achieve full equality only by demanding their
rights. Du Bois was particularly concerned with protecting and
exercising voting rights.