Energy for Life Outline: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Name:______________________________
Date: _________ Period: ______
I. Introduction to Photosynthesis (pg 113-114)
1. Compare autotrophs and heterotrophs.
2. What does photosynthesis do?
3. Write the balanced equation for photosynthesis.
II. Leaf Structure
1. What organelle is responsible for the light reactions of
photosynthesis? (pg 114)
2. Label the parts of the chloroplast on the image to the right. (pg 114)
3. Label the parts of a leaf to the right:
4. Why are cells in layer #1 so much closer together
than in layer #2?
5. What is the function of the stomata? (pg 121)
#1
#2
6. What is transpiration? (pg 372)
III. Leaf Pigments and Light (electromagnetic radiation) (pg 114-115)
1. What is a photon?
2. What are the colors of the visible spectrum?
3.
On the wave below, label the crest and wavelength 
Define:
Crest:
Wavelength:
Frequency:
4. What is a pigment?
5. Located in the membrane of the thylakoids are several pigments, the most important of which are called
_____________________________.
a. What are the two types?
6. Why are most leaves green?
7. What is the benefit of chlorophyll b and the carotenoids?
8. What does light do to electrons in atoms?
9. When an electron “falls” from an excited state to the ground
state, what could happen? Label the image to the right.
IV. Carbohydrates
1. Organic compounds always have what element in them?
What is the exception? (pg 51)
2. What are the uses of carbohydrates?
3. Define each of the following carbohydrates and give examples of each.
a. Monosaccharides:
b. Disaccharides:
c. Polysaccharides:
4. Which elements do carbohydrates contain, and in what ratio? (pg 55)
5. Based on their molecular formulas, which of the following are NOT carbohydrates? Cross them out. (pg 55
& notes)
a. C3H803
c. C18H32O16
e. C16H32O2
b. C10H18O9
d. C4H8O2
f.
C6H12O6
6. What type of carbohydrate is indigestible by humans and is known as “fiber” or “roughage”?
7. Match the molecule to its biological function (pgs 55-56, notes)
a. Glucose


b. Cellulose
c. Starch



d. Glycogen
e. Fructose
f.
Found in fruits & is the sweetest of the monosaccharides
Animals store glucose in this form, highly branched, found in
the liver
Plants store glucose in this form,
Found in milk
Gives strength and rigidity to plant cells, makes up about 50 %
of wood
The main source of energy for cells

Galactose
8. Label the organic compound shown below:
A.
B.
CH2OH
OH
O
O
O
O
OH
CH 2OH
H
O
O
C.
CH 2OH
OH
H
H C OH
O
O
OH
CH 2OH
H
C
H
C
H
OH
C
O
H
H
C
C
OH
H
OH
H
C
H
OH C
HO
C
C
HO
H
C
HO
H C OH
H
D.
E.
CH2OH
CH2OH
CH2OH
CH2OH
O
O
O
O
O
OH
O
OH
O
OH
O
OH
H
H
H C OH
C
H
OH
HO C
H C OH
H
O H
C
H
H
C
OH
H
O
C
C
O
H
OH C
C
C
HO
H
H C OH
H
V. Photosynthesis Steps and Pathways (pg 116-123)
1. How are chloroplasts and chlorophyll related?
2. Where are chlorophyll molecules located?
3. The image to the right describes the “basic
reactions” of photosynthesis. Fill in all the of the
players.
a. Where does the light dependent reaction
occur?
b. What is the Calvin cycle?
OH
c. Where does the Calvin cycle occur?
d. The Calvin cycle is sometimes called the “dark reaction.” Why is this misleading?
4. What is a photosystem?
5. What is the purpose of a photosystem?
6. Light Dependent Reaction Summary:
The captured light excites __________________ in a photosystem located in the thylakoid. The electrons are
then transferred from one molecule to the next by the ________________________ ____________________ ______________.
An enzyme then splits a ________________ molecule releasing ______________ which diffuses out of the plant
through the stomata. The ______________ (C6H12O6) that are produced are left in the thylakoid.
_______________________, the main energy currency of cells, is made using the protons from the water molecules
& the enzyme ____ __________.
7. Living things mainly store energy in the form of ___________________________________________.
8. What is ATP? What does it look like?
9. What is ADP? What does it look like?
10. What kind of carbon compounds are made by C4 plants? (pg 122)
11. Why is the CAM pathway necessary for cactuses?
VI. Cellular Respiration
1. What is cellular respiration?
2. Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration.
3. How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related?
4. What is ATP used for?
5. In which organelle does cellular respiration take place?
6. ATP and ADP are only kept in __________________ amounts in the cell. It is easier and more efficient to stor
energy as ________________________ and break it down as needed.
7. What molecules besides glucose can be used to go through cellular respiration.
8. What is the difference between the terms aerobic and anaerobic?
VII. Cellular Respiration Steps and Pathways
1. What is the 1st step of cellular respiration? What happens during this process?
2. What does the 2nd step of cellular respiration depend on?
3. Where does glycolysis occur? Is oxygen needed?
4. Describe what happens during glycolysis. Fill in the image.
Glycolysis
5. List 3 products made using fermentation.
6. There are two types of fermentation that occur:
a. Where and when does lactic acid fermentation occur in your body?
b. Where and when does Alcohol Fermentation occur in your body?
7. In which organelle does aerobic cellular respiration take place in eukaryotic cells?
8. Where does the Krebs cycle occur? What is another name for the Krebs cycle?
9. What is the purpose of the NADH and FADH2 molecules?
10. What is the electron transport chain? Where are they found?
11. As electrons move down the electrons transport chain _____________ ATP are produced.
12. Fill in the table with the correct processes, where they occur, and how many ATP are formed, are the
processes aerobic or anaerobic.
___ ATP
___ ATP
___ ATP
13. Why do we exhale carbon dioxide? (Hint: think about gasses and the processes that you just learned about)
14. Label the parts of the following cycles.
The Water Cycle
The Carbon Cycle