Chapter 1 (pages 2-5)
Introduction to Life
Honors Biology
Mrs. Einstein
Do Now1. What is biology?
2. What are some topics we will be
studying in Biology?
3. How is biology applied in today’s
society?
Objectives:
1. SWBAT define biology and explain its
applications.
2. SWBAT define and apply all seven
characteristics of life to an organism.
Safety Review
Goggles, gloves, and aprons!
Fire!
Equipment
Acids and Bases
Remember you safety test is on: Tuesday!
A. What is Biology?
Study of life or once living things
Study the structure of living things and
how they interact with one another
Study of how living things function
B. Biologists…
Study the diversity of life
Research diseases
Develop technologies
Improve agriculture
Preserve the environment
Think – Pair – Share
•Make a list of
the items in
this picture
that you
consider alive
or were alive
at some point.
Let’s Brainstorm
What characteristics does a living thing
have?
Let’s make a class list:
 1.
C. Seven Characteristics of life
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Order
Regulation
Grows and Develops
Energy Processing
Responds to the Environment
Reproduction
Evolutionary Adaptations
1. Order
Living things are arranged in an orderly way.
Cell- Smallest unit of life
Ex. Squamous Cell
Tissue- group of cells that have same
structure and function (look alike)
Ex. - Epithelial tissue (outer skin cells)
Organ- different tissues that work together to
perform a function
Ex- Skin
2. Order (Cont.)
System- Group of organs working
together
Ex. Integumentary System
Organism- Organ systems working
together (whole)
Ex. Human
Do Now
1. Define the word homeostasis:
2. Provide an example.
Objectives:
2. SWBAT define and apply all seven
characteristics of life to an organism.
2. Regulation
Homeostasis: Regulation of an organism’s
internal conditions to maintain life
 If anything happens within or to an organism that affects its
normal state, processes to restore the normal state begin.
Blood sugar levels
Temperature
Blood Pressure
Homeostasis (Cont.)
Regulation of Blood Glucose
Insulin:
Glucagon:
Negative Feedback:
Homeostasis (Cont.)
A receptor is triggered by a stimulus, and
the effector produces a response.
Do Now
List the characteristics of life that we have
covered in class.
Homework:
Microscope Lab Test tomorrow
Read and outline section 1.7-1.8 due tomorrow
Lab Quiz on Tuesday (9/25)
Objectives
1. SWBAT list and discuss the eight
characteristics of life and provide examples of
each.
2. SWBAT observe and draw yeast budding.
3. SWBAT explain why the production of carbon
dioxide is evidence of yeast requiring and using
energy.
3. Growth and Development
gets larger by using materials and energy
from environment
Controlled by genes in the DNA
Growth occurs through cell division
and cell enlargement
4. Energy Processing
Living things get their energy from food (glucose).
energy is the ability to do work
Plants create glucose from the sun
(photosynthesis)
All living organisms break down
glucose and release chemical energy
(cellular respiration)
4. Energy Processing (Cont.)
Food is the primary energy source
AutotrophsHeterotrophsFood is metabolized (all chemical
reactions in the body)
Anabolic process:
Catabolic process:
5. Respond to the Environment
Anything that causes some sort of reaction
by the organism is called a stimulus.
The reaction to a stimulus is a response.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WFDHWk_bjsU
6. Reproduction
A species is a group of organisms that can
breed with one another and produce fertile
offspring.
ex. Asexual
ex. Sexual
7. Adaptations Evolve Over Time
An adaptation is any inherited
characteristic that results from changes to
a species over time.
*8. Living things are made of one
or more cells.
Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in all living things.
Unicellular
Multicellular-
All seven characteristics must be present
to be considered alive!
Do Now
Explain (using the 8 characteristics of life)
why we are alive! Provide examples!
Objectives
SWBAT identify 8 objects as being alive or
not and explain why
SWBAT work in groups to discover the
nature of science
SWBAT explore the steps of the scientific
method.
SWBAT make observations and
inferences and differentiate between the
two.
What is Science?
Which of the following are considered
science?
Astrology
Ornithology
Marine Biology
Religion
Zoology
1.3 Nature of Science (pg. 16- 21)
Science is a body of knowledge based on
the study of nature.
Scientific inquiry is both a creative process
and a process rooted in unbiased
observations and experimentation.
THE CUBES!
FIRST RULE: Do not touch the cubes!
Let’s brainstorm: What questions do you
have about the cubes?
The cubes Cont.
What is on the bottom of the cube?
What is evidence? What does the word
mean?
Using data (observations), try to convince
me and your classmates what is on the
bottom of the cube. Provide evidence!
Pick up the cubes… Go ahead!
There is no way of knowing the absolute
answer to a scientific question.
WHAT? MS INGS? ALL THAT FOR
NOTHING….
Nature of Science
Scientific Investigations
Let’s list the steps we went through in our
scientific investigation
An example experiment…
Who likes to cook???
How do you cook spaghetti?
1. Ask a Question
 Scientific inquiry begins with observation.
 Science inquiry involves asking questions
and processing information from a variety
of reliable sources.
Short Demo on …..
Observation vs. Inference
Observation- direct way of gathering
information in an organized way.
Inference- taking observations and
making a logical conclusion
Do Now
1. Try to list the steps of the scientific
method!
2. List one example of an inference and
one of an observation.
Objectives
1. SWBAT practice making observations.
2. SWBAT differentiate between
observations and inferences
3. SWBAT identify and practice the steps
of the scientific method.
Let’s make some observations!
I need someone to write on the board for
me!
Do Now
1. Which is an indication that an idea is based on
pseudoscience?




A. It brings up more questions.
B. It causes disagreement and debate.
C. It does not welcome scientific investigation.
D. It does not receive acceptance by scientists.
2. Some species of plants begin opening their
flowers in the morning when they are exposed to
sunlight. What characteristic of living things
does this represent?




A. acquiring energy
B. adapting to the environment
C. displaying organization
D. responding to stimuli
Objectives
1. SWBAT identify and practice the steps
of the scientific method.
2. SWBAT work in groups to identify
control group, experimental group,
hypothesis, conclusion, independent, and
dependent variables.
3. SWBAT analyze a graph.
2. Form a Hypothesis
Hypothesis - a testable explanation of a
situation.
Hypothesis that are supported through
experiments and data are then accepted in
the scientific community.
3. Collect the Data
Biologist conducts an experiment, (a
phenomenon in a controlled setting to test
a hypothesis).
4. Controlled Experiments
1. Experimental Group- group
that is being manipulated
2. Control Group- group you
keep the same (all variables are
constant)
5. Experimental Design
Independent variable—only one factor in a
experiment that can change
Dependent variable—results from or
depends on changes to the independent
variable
Think – Pair – Share
Identify : control group, experimental
group, independent variable, dependent
variable, constants
Food Scientists are working together to
develop a better tasting sweet mint Trident
gum. Each person sampling the gum gets
ONE original sweet mint and ONE sweet
mint with added spearmint to try to improve
taste. The tasters did not know what they
were trying and had to record their results.
6. Data Gathering
Data - information gained from observations.
 Quantitative data - measurements of time,
temperature, length, or other factors.
 Qualitative data - descriptions of what our
senses detect.
Data
I want you gather qualitative and
quantitative data from this picture.
7. Analyze the Data
A graph of the data makes easier to
interpret.
Graphing
Analyze this graph.
Reach a conclusion!
8. Report Conclusions
 Conclusions are published so other can
review the results and discuss the merit of
the experiment.
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
Identify the following terms: identify the
problem, hypothesis, experiment,
independent variable, dependent variable,
and create a conclusion
The leaves on my tomato plants were
turning yellow. I was not sure what to do.
I decided that maybe they were not getting
enough sun. I moved one plant into the
sun and left the other one where it was.
I recorded the different shades of the
leaves (yellow, yellow-green, and green).
Section 1.3 Review - Matching!
1. Development
A. testable explanation
2. Homeostasis
B. change that takes place during the
life of an organism
3. Inference
C. Logical conclusion based
on your observations
4. Hypothesis
D. Regulates an organism’s internal
conditions and keeps them stable
Do Now
 In trying to develop a lighter color honey, bee
keepers allow the bees to only visit sunflowers.
 Design an experiment to test this. In your
experiment, identify:
 Control group, experimental group,
independent variable, dependent variable,
constants
Do Now
Explain why a virus is NOT considered
alive.
Objectives
1. SWBAT identify 8 objects as being alive
or not and explain why
2. SWBAT differentiate between
observations and inferences
3. SWBAT identify and practice the steps
of the scientific method.
Homework!!
For homework you have a worksheet on
experiments. This will be due the next
class.
Do Now
Fill in the
blanks in the
concept chart
Do Now
1. Which is an indication that an idea is based on
pseudoscience?




A. It brings up more questions.
B. It causes disagreement and debate.
C. It does not welcome scientific investigation.
D. It does not receive acceptance by scientists.
2. Some species of plants begin opening their
flowers in the morning when they are exposed to
sunlight. What characteristic of living things
does this represent?




A. acquiring energy
B. adapting to the environment
C. displaying organization
D. responding to stimuli
Objectives
1. SWBAT compare and contrast the
English and metric systems
2. SWBAT practice conversions between
metric units.
3. SWBAT explain the nature of science
1.2 Nature of Science (pg. 11 – 15)
Uses Scientific Theory
Theory- explanation of a natural phenomenon
supported by many observations and
experiments over time
Ex.
Results are always constant!
A. Expands Scientific Knowledge
Science is under constant reevaluation of
what is known.
Ex. Classification, Food Pyramid
Can lead to new knowledge
Reevaluation cycle continues!
B. Challenges Accepted Theories
Scientists debate each other ideas
Science accommodates new information
as it is discovered
http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/drmehmet-oz-accused-fear-mongering-drrichard-besser-arsenic-apple-juice14525404
C. Questions Results
Scientist can find data that is not
consistent with current scientific
understanding
These inconsistencies often lead to further
investigations
D. Tests Claims
Conclusions are reached after
Controlled experiments
Unbiased investigations
Large amounts of data
Think – Pair - Share
Read the following and critique the author.
What else can the scientist do to further
his/her own studies?
A marine biologist studying whales put
“markers” on one white whale to determine
migration. This scientist then concluded
that all whales migrate from the Gulf to the
mid Atlantic ocean.
Undergoes Peer Review
Experiments are reviewed by scientist’s
peers. (Peer review )
 Evaluated by other scientists who are in
the same field or who are conducting
similar research.
Think – Pair - Share
How can we “prove” something true?
Do Now - Matching!
1. Development
A. testable explanation
2. Homeostasis
B. change that takes place during the
life of an organism
3. Inference
C. Logical conclusion based
on your observations
4. Hypothesis
D. Regulates an organism’s internal
conditions and keeps them stable
Measurements used in Science
Different methods used for measuring
International System of Units (SI)- what
scientists all over the world use
Measured in groups of 10
Length - SI
SI uses the meter
Centimeter
Decimeter
Measures how long something is
Tools: Ruler
Volume
SI uses m3
Most often we use liter
Measures how much space
Something takes up
Mass and Weight
Mass = how much matter something
has
SI units are kilogram (kg)
Weight = force of gravity on an object
Time and Temperature
Time: period between two events
SI unit is seconds (s)
Temperature: how much heat contained
in an object (how hot or cold something is)
SI unit is Kelvin (K)
Scientists often use Celsius (C)
Conversions
4 kiloliters= ___________ hectoliters
36.87 millimeters= ________ decameters
0.098 meters = ___________ micrometers
56.7 decimeters= _________ decameters
Do Now:
What are some things around the
room that are alive? Or were alive
at some point?
Do Now
How many…
Centimeters are in a meter?
Meters are in a kilometer?
How long is a 5K?
Do Now:
A new medicine is out on the market that
helps people retain information better
(smart pill). In a recent study, one group
was given the smart pill and the other
group was given a placebo (sugar pill).
Identify: control group and experimental
group
Explain why researchers found the need to
have two different groups
Do Now- Review for Jeopardy
For each statement, circle the stimulus, and
underline the response.
1. Your mouth waters at the sight of food on a
plate.
2. There is a sudden drop in temperature, which
gives you goose bumps.
3. You get a fever after a virus enters your body.
4. You get “butterflies” in your stomach before
giving a speech.
Objectives
1. SWBAT review for the their chapter 1
test
2. SWBAT answer multiple choice and
open ended questions on chapter 1
Think-Pair-Share
Design an experiment to determine why
the fish are dying in your tank. Identify the
control, constants, independent variable,
dependent variable, and experimental
group.