Respiration
Term
Definition
Metabolism
The chemical processes that occur within a living
organism in order to maintain life:
Anabolism
A metabolic process in which complex molecules are
synthesized from simpler ones with the storage of
energy
Catabolism
The breaking down in living organisms of more complex
substances into simpler ones, with the release of energy
Aerobic respiration
The production of ATP from the breakdown of food
compounds requiring oxygen.
Anaerobic respiration
The production of ATP from the breakdown of food
compounds without the requirement for oxygen
Part
Features
Outer membrane
Has lots of protein channels to allow
pyruvate to enter
Inner membrane
Carries ATP synthase and ETC proteins.
Is impermeable to tiny particlesProtons
Intermembrane space
Is narrow so a high concentration of
protons can build up
Matrix
Contains enzymes for Link reaction and
Kreb`s cycle
Ribosomes-70S
Site of protein synthesis
Mitochondrial DNA
Carries some genes
Mitochondria
Cells require energy to perform vital activities such as:
•
•
•
•
Active transport
Protein synthesis
Cell division
Muscle contraction
Facts about ATP
• For each mole of ATP broken down 30.6 KJ of
energy is released.
• We only have enough ATP stored up in our
bodies for a few seconds of activity
• ATP gets used up fairly quickly by the body.
• Each ATP molecule is recycled about 1500
times a day
Overall equation for respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Glycolysis
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Link reaction
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Part of inner membrane showing electron transport chain
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Occurs in some fungi,
bacteria and muscle cells
Used by some bacteria and fungi