You Should Know Bulletin No. 135
© ACPA
All Rights Reserved
VALUE ENGINEERING
• Planning
Performance
History
• Hydrology
• Hydraulics
• Structural
• Installation
• Specifications
• Life Cycle Costs
PIPE JOINT PERFORMANCE
•
•
•
•
Provide Pipeline Continuity
Assure a Smooth Flow Line
Resist Exfiltration of Effluent
Resist Infiltration of Groundwater and
Backfill Material
• Accommodate Lateral and Longitudinal
Movement
• Resist Shear and Deformation
Notice here how the tie
holding the nested pipe in
place is causing
distortion in the joint bell.
So,Joint
whatleakage
happens
when
allowing
a contractor
backfill
attempts
infiltration
toand
put
together
ultimately
pipe
pipe
that
has distorted
failure. bells.
WITH JOINT
DEFORMATION DURING
SITE STORAGE
NEW CONSTRUCTION
USING HDPE PIPE
DEFLECTION RESULTING
IN BACKFILL
INFILTRATION AT JOINTS
AND ULTIMATELY PIPE
FAILURE & REPLACEMENT
CONCRETE PIPE JOINTS OFFER SEVERAL OPTIONS
Confined ORing Rubber
Gasket Joint
Mastic
Sealant
Joint
Single Offset
Rubber Gasket
Joint
Mortar
Joint
CONCRETE PIPE JOINTS OFFER SEVERAL ADVANTAGES
OVER HDPE PIPE JOINTS
• Joints are thick and rigid to prevent any deformation
• Joints and gaskets are governed by national specifications
• Joints combine great shear strength and flexibility
• Joints provide excellent watertightness
• Joints can withstand up to13 psi pressure – the equivalent of 30 feet of
groundwater pressure head
Toledo Zoo
Sample Installations
TOLEDO ZOO PARKING LOT
DRAINAGE PIPE SIZES & QUANTITIES
Pipe Size
(inches)
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
Quantity
(feet)
1594
633
311
331
136
200
400
STORM SEWER PLAN LAYOUT
12” LATERALS
8”
OUTLET
30”
27”
24”
21”
18”
15”
12”
50,000 Gallon Storage Capacity
ASTM Standard of Practice D2321
Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe
for
Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Restrictions on use of Classes of embedment and backfill material
Maximum particle size
Restrictions on mode of dewatering
Requirements on minimum trench width
Restrictions and details for support of trench walls
Specific restrictions on methods of compaction
Minimum embedment density
Minimum cover requirements
Detailed requirements for manhole connections
Requirements on methods of testing compaction and leakage
Requirements on deflection and deflection testing
Limits on usage of trench boxes
Select backfill and compaction required to 6”-12” above top of pipe
Famous Last Words
“If the pipe product is approved
by the State Department of
Transportation, it must be an
acceptable pipe material, and,
therefore, appropriate for our
particular application.”
PATCH
PATCH
PATCH
PATCH
PATCH
PATCH
PAVEMENT PATCH
PAVEMENT PATCH
Saw-cut pavement
to remove HDPE
pipe
Immediately after pipe installation and paving, significant
pavement settlement occurred at every 20-foot joint
length. Initially, attempts were made to patch the
settlement areas, but the pavement settlement became
progressively worse after every rain storm.
Pipe Joints
TEARING UP NEW PAVEMENT, EXCAVATING
and
REMOVING FAILED HDPE PIPE
STRUCTURE REPLACEMENT
PARKING LOT PARTIAL PAVEMENT
REPLACEMENT FOR REMOVAL OF
HDPE PIPE and INSTALLATION OF RCP
Structure
Pipe
Conduit
Structure
Conduit
Concrete Pipe
?
? ?? ?
? Structure?
?
LOW BID INC.
Flexible Pipe
Conduit
Pipe Strength vs. Installation Contribution
100%
Strength Contribution, %
5 Feet of Cover
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
Pipe
40%
Soil
30%
20%
10%
0%
RCP
24" HDPE
36" HDPE
Pipe Type
48" HDPE
LAWSUITS REPORTED BY ADS
for TUBULAR PROFILE WALL HDPE PIPE
Is It Worth The Risk?
REFERENCES
American Concrete Pipe Association
You Should Know:
• #121 Installation Anomalies
• #128 A Case In Point
• #131 When is the Correct Pipe Material Important?
Concrete Insights:
•
Handling & Installation Comparisons
•
Concrete or HDPE: Strength versus Stiffness
•
Concrete Pipe Joints – Your Best Choice
Brochures:
•
Concrete Pipe Joints, Your Best Choice
•
Standard Installations
•
The Infrastructure is Collapsing!
Dispatch: A Case in Point for Choosing Concrete Pipe
National Specifications:
• ASTM D 2321, Standard practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe
for Sewers and Other Gravity–Flow Applications
• AASHTO Section 30, LRFD Bridge Construction Specifications