PRESENTATION TO THE
JOINT STANDING COMMITTEE ON
DEFENCE & MILITARY VETERANS
on the
REVITALISATION OF THE
RESERVES
Maj Gen R.C. Andersen
04 Jun 2015
AIM
To brief the
JOINT STANDING COMMITTEE
ON
DEFENCE & MILITARY
VETERANS
on the Status and
Revitalisation of The Reserves
The Reserves are commanded by the Service
Chiefs and not Chief of the Defence Reserves
2
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
THE PRESENTATION TEAM

Maj Gen R. Andersen – Chief Defence Reserves

Brig Gen D. Molefe – Dir Defence Reserves

Brig Gen (Dr) G. Kamffer – Dir SA Army Reserves

Brig Gen H. Smith – Dir SA Air Force Human Resources

R Adm (JG) R. Ndabambi – Dir SA Navy Reserves

Brig Gen (Dr) A.N.C. Maminze – Dir SAMHS Reserves
3
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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CONTENT

Background






Why have Reserves (Business Case)
C SANDF Priority
One Force Concept
Role of the Reserves
Reserve Service System
Where are we now?




Strengths
Equity status
University Reserve Training Programme (URTP)
What have we achieved?
4
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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CONTENT (2)

Where do we want to be?
 Revitalisation and Transformation Plan

What are the challenges to get there?




Feeder System
Defence Review 2014 Implementation
Leader group development and transformation
Conclusion
5
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
WHY HAVE RESERVES?
• Good for Citizenship and Nation building
• Popularises Defence Force
• Cost Effective
– Not paid when not called up
– No pension cost
– Medical cover only on call up
•
•
•
•
Provide access to scarce/expensive skills and experience
Provide surge capacity when needed
Legal requirement
Required by the White Paper on Defence 1996 and Defence
Review 2014
6
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
THE BUSINESS CASE
• Reserves are less expensive than Regulars
• Reserves currently take only 7% of SA Army Salary
budget
• Reserves provide up to 50% of deployments in SA
Army, especially for border safeguarding
The Defence Review requires at least 8% personnel expenses
to be spent on Reserves
7
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
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SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
C SANDF Priority
In support of the MOD& MV priorities ‘Human Resource
Renewal’ a policy and strategy on the revitalisation and
transformation of Reserves will be promulgated and
implemented systematically in the medium-term as
allowed by available resources
8
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
C SANDF Priority
(2)
The policy will ensure that Reserves have a feeder system
that gives the required capacity to:
 execute their duty (compliment the regulars) are well
administered;
 receive appropriate training support;
 form part of the standing and surge military capability and
inherent force design;
 provide the expansion capacity of the SANDF, and
 provide certain of the specialist scare skills such as
required for post-conflict reconstruction
9
defence
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Defence Reserves
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SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
ONE FORCE CONCEPT
• THREE COMPONENTS
Regulars
- Reserves
- PSAPs
• EQUAL PROMINENCE
• REGULARS AND RESERVES
Equal training
Equal standards
Appropriate service conditions
Reserves are not unionised but part of grievance structure
10
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
ROLE OF THE RESERVES
(Defence Review)
• Augment the Regulars in ongoing operations and day-to-day
activities of the Defence Force
• Form part of standing and surge military force capability
• Provide expansion capability for major combat operations and
crisis response
• Provide certain specialist and scarce skills to Defence Force
• Provide the main specialist capability for reconstruction and
development
• Enhance relationship between the Defence Force, the public and
private sectors
Reserves are employed at all levels of SANDF and in most Divisions
11
defence
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SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
HOW TO JOIN THE RESERVE FORCE?
• From a Former Force
• From the Regulars
• From MSDS
• From Direct Recruitment (prospective)
• Into a pool of specialists
• Into the University Reserve Training
Programme
12
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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THE RESERVE SERVICE SYSTEM
SCHOOL
RECRUITMENT
TWO YEARS MSDS
RESKILLING
JOB/PLACEMENT
MSDS
MSDS
SELECTION
5 YEARS SERVICE IN A RES F UNIT
YEAR 1
YEAR 2
YEAR 3
YEAR 4
YEAR 5
Voluntary
participation
Cont Trg
Deploy
Conv Exercise
Cont Trg
Deploy
YEAR 6+
13
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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NEWLY APPROVED CONCEPT FOR THE RESKILLING
OF UNEMPLOYED RESERVES
UTILISATION AS RESERVE
MEMBERS IN THE PROVINCE
5 years
MILITARY
UNIT (RES)
MILITARY
UNIT (REG)
RE-SKILLING
PROVINCE
2 years
MSDS and the RESERVE
DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM (RDS)
NAVY
YOUNG
SEALS
YOUNG
LIONS
SMALL TOWN
AND
SURROUNDING
AREAS
(MILITARY)
AGRIVILLAGE*
CO-OP
*The military agri-village concept being formulated.
14
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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52
SANDF RESERVE
CURRENT STRENGTH – 31 MARCH 2015
SERVICE /DIVISION
SA Army
SA Air Force
SA Navy
SA Military Health Service
Log Division
Defence Legal Service
Joint Operations Division
All Other Divisions
Total
15
STRENGTH
14 637
976
1 106
2 832
551
216
1 739
519
22 576
• 14 613 members called-up between 01 April 2014 – 31 March 2015 (183 days each)
• Defence Review Milestone 1 = 15 000 Reserves
Milestone 2 = 25 000 Reserves
Ultimate Goal = 82 000 Reserves
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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TOTAL RESERVE FORCE
CURRENT EQUITY STATUS
31 MARCH 2015
Ser
No
Population Group
Male
Female
Total
a
b
c
d
11 934
4 121
16 055 (71.1%)
160
32
1
African
2
Asian
3
Coloured
2 346
512
2 858 (12.7%)
4
White
2 816
636
3 452 (15.3%)
5
Unknown
19
Total Reserves
17 275
19
5 301
Female – 23,5% (Target 30%)
Average Age – 39
16
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Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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192
(0.9%)
(0.1%)
22 576 (100%)
SANDF RESERVE FORCE
EQUITY PER RANK GROUP – 31 MARCH 2015
RANK GROUPINGS
RACE
17
Capt –
2Lt
Chaplain
WOs
SSgt –
L Cpl
Pte
Total
% Total
Gen
Col –
Maj
6
14
174
392
82
104
2 908
8 252
11 934
52.9%
0
0
3
48
118
12
10
931
2 999
4 121
18.3%
%
100%
46.2%
36.2%
22.2%
54%
69.1%
12%
65.3%
82.7%
16 055
71,1%
Male
0
0
0
11
6
3
17
97
26
160
0.7%
Female
0
0
0
5
2
0
1
13
11
32
0.1%
%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1.6%
0,8%
2,2%
1,9%
Male
0
0
0
36
54
13
Female
0
0
0
3
15
%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
3.9%
Male
0
7
29
Female
0
0
%
0.0%
Not Captured
TOTAL
Lt
Maj
Brig
Gen
Gen
Male
2
Female
1,9%
0,3%
192
0.9%
115
755
1 373
2 346
10.4%
2
4
118
370
512
2,3%
7,3%
11%
12.6%
14.9%
12.8%
2 858
12.7%
624
315
23
538
812
468
2 816
12.5%
1
98
42
1
158
232
104
636
2.8%
53.8%
63.8%
72.2%
37.8%
17.6%
73.4%
17.8%
4.2%
3 452
15.3%
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
11
5
19
0.1%
2
13
47
945
136
948
5 877
13 603
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
1 000
SANDF RESERVES
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22 576
100%
SANDF RESERVES
THE UNIVERSITY RESERVE TRAINING
PROGRAMME (URTP)
The URTP is a SANDF Programme in all 4 Services, aimed
at the recruitment and training of mainly undergraduate
and postgraduate students with
•
specific skills and leadership characteristics with the
objective to
•
qualify them for appointment into Military
Leadership positions
SA Army currently restructuring system based on pilot
18
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Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
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SANDF RESERVES
URTP PROGRESS (2011-2015)
REGION
19
SERVICE/
DIVISION
LEVEL OF TRAINING
BMT
OFT
Completed
Completed
Free State
SA Army
58
54
Western Cape
SA Army
SAMHS
91
13
84
12
Gauteng
SA Air Force
25
17
Western Cape
SA Navy
14
7
Gauteng &
North West
SA Army
SAMHS
Log Division
92
34
7
84
33
7
334
298
TOTAL TRAINED
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
UNIVERSITY
University of the Free State,
Central University of Technology
Universities of the Western Cape, Stellenbosch
& Cape Town
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
University of Pretoria
University of the Witwatersrand
University of Cape Town
University of Stellenbosch
Universities of Pretoria & Johannesburg
University of the Witwatersrand
Tshwane University of Technology
North West University
UNISA
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SANDF RESERVES
WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED?
 Change in demographics since 1994
 Deployments – Highly rated e.g. UN
 PSOs (47 coys to date)
 Border Safeguarding (Includes KNP) (over 75 coys to date)
 Internal operations (World Cup, Xenophobia, Public Service
Strike, Home Affairs, Military Vets Registration)
 Ops COPPER – SA Navy
 Defence Provincial Liaison Councils (8) formed – Employer
support
 Air Reserve Squadrons have a particular role – flying hours
currently cut by 100% - will re-open
20
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED? (2)
 Navy Reserve INDABA – Plan to revitalise SA Navy Reserve
approved by C Navy and being operationalised
 SA Navy Reserves being used in combat, technical and
training environments
 SAMHS Reserves strategy under development – approved by
SAMHS Command Council
21
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
PROJECT PHOENIX: REJUVENATION (2003 - 2013)
ITEM 10
INTERNAL,
EXTERNAL
DEPLOYMENTS
RES F
CALLED
UP
FEEDING
22
FY2003/2004
FY2006/2007
FY2012/2013
R21 270 513
R158 325 017
R625 989 199
2005
2012
2013
1 x Coy
1 x Composite Res F Bn
1 x Res F Bn
Made up of
13 x Res F units
CTR (HQ)
CTR, CTH, RWP
First City
Grahamstown
1 x Res F Coy
12 x Res F Coys
12 x Res F Coys
FY04/
2005
FY05/
2006
FY06/
2007
FY/07
2008
FY08/
2009
FY09/
2010
FY10/
2011
FY11/
2012
FY12/
2013
FY13/
2014
4 311
4 865
4 638
7 905
8 611
10 124
10 501
10 236
10 784
10 616
Decentralised
Recruitment & Training
ATR/ACR
Conversion training
MSDS
Feeding
1 700
4 800
6 200 (± 2 400)
FY2003/04
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
FY2013/14
SANDF RESERVES
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FIRST CITY (GRAHAMSTOWN )
Freedom of Entry and Farewell parade before leaving for Border
Safeguarding deployment
23
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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RESERVE MEMBERS OF FIRST CITY (GRAHAMSTOWN)
DEPLOYED IN THE DRC
24
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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C-COY (4th COY IN THE BN) OF FIRST CITY
RECEIVING THEIR MEDALS IN THE DRC
25
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED?
(3)
• Integrated Ex Combatants
• Regulations to the Defence Act – Published in 2009
• Defence Act changed – enforced call ups in times other
than war
• Shooting – competitions/high standards internationally
• Military Skills Competition – local and international
successes
26
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED?
(4)
• Support to the community – e.g. bridge building
• Young Lions (SA Army)/Siyandiza (SAAF)/Sea Cadets
(SA Navy)
• Reserves addressed and supported extensively in the
Defence Review & Commander’s Intent
• SANDF Educational Trust supporting 64 children of which
11 dependants of Reserves
27
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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MILITARY PARADE – 10th ANNIVERSARY OF PSOs
RESERVE UNIT COLOURS ON PARADE
28
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
CONSOLIDATED RESERVE REVITALISATION AND
TRANSFORMATION PLAN
• The Revitalisation and Transformation Plan was
approved by the Military Command Council in
September 2011, subject to the availability of funds
• The plan has 17 elements and it addresses all the
identified challenges on Revitalisation and
Transformation
Full implementation threatened by budget
cuts/constraints
29
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
AREAS ADDRESSED IN THE REVITALISATION PLAN
• Design
• Unit Names
• Structure
• Training
• Types
• Legislation
• Role
• Service Benefits
• Size
• Utilisation
• Leader Group
• Management
• Footprint
30
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN

Conversion from an unemployed Reserve to a Reserve with
civilian jobs – create ongoing process

Skills development – mainly after MSDS

Job placement – currently 60% success rate

Incentives for Reserves – Educational bursaries

Employer Incentives – when staff called up
Revitalisation Plan addresses challenges – approved subject to funds
which are not available
31
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN
(2)
 Feeder System

MSDS – not effective/sufficient. Consequently limited
flow of new recruits into the SA Army and SAMHS
Reserves (38% “Leakage”)

Consequences
•
•
•
Tempo of deployments won't be maintained
An aging Reserve
Slow transformation in Leadership
32
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN
(3)
Continuation Training – Insufficient
 All Services need to invest more in training

 Non Infantry Units (e.g. Artillery and Armour) at
disadvantage and capability under threat
 Affects transformation- delayed promotions

.

Inadequate funds for leader group development
in all Services and thus for transformation
Names of Army and SAMHS Units – under review to be
more representative
33
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
QUO VADIS?
• Implementation of Defence Review & Commander’s Intent –
full participation in the Defence Review Implementation Team
(DRIPT)
• Finalisation of Force Design
• Focus on transformation
• Revision of MSDS, including job placement and separate
Reserve intakes – i.e. New Def Res Intake System (DRIS)
• Extend SA Navy Reserve Force footprint by 65%
34
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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SANDF RESERVES
QUO VADIS? (2)
• Support National Youth Service, Young Lions, Siyandiza &
Sea Cadets
• Potential support to the developmental agenda
• Extend role in rural development
• Roll out URTP to all Provinces
• Review of Legislation - Defence Act - Discrimination by
employer - Moratorium Act 25 of 1963 - general update
• Review of Reserve Regulations to the Defence Act
35
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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CONCLUSION
We have made significant progress with
deployments and the URTP. There is
commitment in the SANDF and support in the
Defence Review. The focus is now on feeder
systems, continuation training, leader group
development and transformation.
All this is however subject to the
availability of funds and mandays
36
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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37
defence
Department:
Defence Reserves
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
SANDF RESERVES
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