(small)
Mobile Media Devices
Jayme Johnson
High Tech Center Training Unit
7-27-2011
Overview
The Main Point
Explaining mobile devices
General considerations for digital media
Instructional considerations for mobile devices
Content considerations for mobile devices
Different types of mobile devices
The Main Point
Education : The tansference of knowledge
(not techno-lust!)
Required elements for education:
Message (design)
Communication (the art of)
Why it Matters
Students
bring technology to class
respond to technology
Good Teaching
responsive to students
maximize the power of instructional technology
Adoption of Mobile Devices
95% of college-age students own cell phone
Almost 75% have iPod or MP3 player
Ebook readers slow growth - (<5%)
Tablets account for approx 3%
•
Pew Research Center’s Internet and American Life Project (pewinternet.org)
... and then there’s always...
The LAW
Section 508 requires access to electronic
information and technology
California State Legal Code 11135 applies Section
508 requirements to all state entities.
Dear Colleagues...
OCR letter to administrators of higher ed institutions
(http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/letters/collea
gue-20100629.html)
Standards
Section 508
W3C
Best Practices for Mobile Web Content
Web Accessibility Initiative Mobile Web
Mobile Devices
Device Classifications
Dedicated reading machines
“Smart” phones
Tablets
Netbooks & Laptops
Users of Devices
Consider: Mobile devices become personal
accessories (similar to AT)...
Two basic types of users:
Media consumers
Media creators
Complexity emerges as the line between creation and
consumption of media is blurred.
Identity Crisis
Attempting to do too much will ultimately sacrifice the
quality of any one thing you do.
Generally, today’s mobile devices allow us to
consume media, and to a lesser extent, to create
media.
Variability
Beware of multiplicity - many differences between
devices, even within a classification
Data acquisition issues: on-demand vs. tethered
Differences between devices, OS versions, & service
providers
3rd Party Applications
Devices & Technical Capabilities
Audio
Video
Print
Android
MP3, MP4
WAV, Ogg
MP4 (h.264),
WebM
Text, PDF, ePub,
HTML, MS Office
iOS
MP3, MP4,
WAV, AAC
MP4 (h.264),
M4V, MOV
Text, PDF, ePub,
HTML, MS Office
Amazon Kindle
MP3
-
Mobi, AZW
Plextalk Pocket
MP3, WMA,
WAV, Ogg
-
Text, HTML, DOC,
DAISY
Victor Reader
Stream
MP3, WMA,
WAV, Ogg
-
Text, HTML,
BRF, DAISY
Accessibility and AT Capabilities
Video
Android
Subtitles
Braille
Output
Visual
TTS
Enhancement
Content
s
TTS
Speech
Interface Recognition
(requires SRT
file)
-
Zoom
Yes
Depends
Yes
iOS
Captions,
Subtitles
Yes
(requires
display)
Zoom, Contrast,
Large Text
Yes
Yes
App
Amazon
Kindle
-
-
Large Text
Depends
-
-
Plextalk
Pocket
-
-
-
Yes
Yes
-
Victor Reader
Stream
-
-
-
Yes
Yes
-
Media Players & Content
Media Players
audio (dedicated)
video (dedicated)
software-based audio & video, games (dynamic)
As user control increases, so does complexity of
content creation. Hardware-based interface controls
are limited.
Media Creators & Content
audio (dedicated)
video (dedicated)
software-based & mixed content authoring (dynamic)
As portability increases, complex control is sacrificed
for ease of use. Creativity is reduced to filling in the
blanks...
“Smart” Mobile Devices
Facilitate the organization and use of media
Variable options for data transfer
Combines creation and consumption of media
Greater emphasis on user interaction
Limited capabilities compared to a desktop computer
Getting the Message
Data transfer is non-trivial!
Wireless access issues
Tethered to a location (anti-mobile)
Realtime vs. advance preparation
Different standards, best practices, & models
Media is the means of delivering the message...
Categories of Digital Media
Text
Image
Audio
Video
Complex
Media as Environment
Content (the message or purpose)
Container (the media)
Obvious (?) Accessibility
The role of Assistive Technology (AT)
Mobile Media:
Device
Data TX
Media
iPod
Tethered
audio, image,video, text,
complex
Kindle
Wireless
text, image, audio
BlackBerry
Wireless & Tethered
audio, image, video, text,
telecom, complex
iPad
audio, image, video, text,
Wireless & Tethered
telecom, complex
Print-based File Types
DAISY
NIMAS
ePub
MS Office Bookshare RFB&D Audible
Android
Not Yet
-
App
App
iOS
App
-
App
App
Amazon
Kindle
-
-
-
-
Plextalk
Pocket
Yes
Yes
-
Victor Reader
Stream
Yes
Yes
App
(SoftPak)
-
-
App
App
App
-
-
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Not Yet
General Considerations
Audio & Video authoring tools
Legal Considerations
Copyright, Sect 508, ADA, Institutional Policies
Scalability
Archives, Timeliness, Meta-information
Logistical Support
Audio Information
File Size
Encoding Rate
Page/Chapter per file
Navigability
Naming scheme
Enhancing access via ID3 tags
Transcript should always accompany
Video Information
File Size
Format-dependent
Total pixel dimensions (320x240, 640x480)
Scalable delivery options
Open vs. Closed Captions
Playback Context
Time-coded transcript enables video
searching.
Captioning Tools
Adobe CS5 (ENCORE): www.adobe.com
MacCaption & CPC Caption Maker:
http://www.cpcweb.com/
NCAM/CC for Flash:
http://ncam.wgbh.org/webaccess/ccforflash/index.ht
ml
Hi-Caption Studio: www.hisoftware.com/hmcc/
MAGpie: http://ncam.wgbh.org/webaccess/magpie/
Macaw: http://www.whitanderson.com/macaw/
Subtitle Workshop:
www.urusoft.net/products.php?cat=sw
Media Meltdown...
Ultimate goal: enhancing the educational experience
Multimedia = multiple options and concerns
Use what you have, the best that you can
•
“Let your intentions create your methods, and not the
other way around”
Stay flexible, reasonable, calm...
Instructional Considerations
Questionable Motives
Supporting a learning objective (directly vs. generally)
Unique & novel learning experiences
Currency with modern times and technology
Engaging an otherwise apathetic audience
Focus
What are you trying to accomplish?
What are you able to support?
What are the expectations of your:
students
faculty & staff
administrators
A word of caution...
Understand the difference between
acknowledging the existence of mobile devices
vs. actively designing and supporting any mobile
technology.
Discrimination via technology? There’s an app
for that- but only on the Palm Pixi...
At the end of the day...
Modern mobile devices are a part of life
Increase/enhance communication
Provide SUPPLEMENTARY avenues of
communication
Can significantly impact the educational experience
Part of the “basic” toolkit of a modern digital citizen.
Information Breakdown
FACTS - specific or unique data or instance
CONCEPTS - classifications that associate and differentiate by
key characteristics
PRINCIPLES - rules that express relationships between
concepts or facts
PROCEDURES - series of steps leading to a specific result
INTERPERSONAL - art of communicating with other people
AFFECTATION/ATTITUDE - feelings, perceptions, motivations,
etc.
Message vs. Media
FACTS
CONCEPTS
PRINCIPLES
PROCEDURES
INTERPERSONAL
AFFECTATION/AT
TITUDE
TEXT
IMAGES
AUDIO
VIDEO
COMPLEX
Accessibility & Digital
Media
Top 3 Access Issues
Semantic markup (structural definition)
Non-textual content
Tables and other complex information
Best Practices for Media
Media types - know what you’re dealing with
Access strategies - based on relationship between AT
and digital media
Workflows - vary according to media type and
application
Basic Access Strategies
Text - 12 pt fonts, headings, lists, table markup
Images - provide textual description
Audio - provide transcript
Video - provide captioning
Complex - all of the above, plus Section 508
(interactivity & applications)
Solutions for MS Word
Use the styles and formatting options to identify
headings
Avoid using tables or text boxes to control layout
and positioning of MS Word documents –
use the column tool instead for multi-column layouts
Include text descriptions when adding content-rich
images
Specify column headers for data tables
Solutions for PDF
Documents
Start with accessible MS Word/PowerPoint
documents
Styles applied in MS Word can automatically create
PDF Bookmarks
Need to be using MS Word 2000 or later AND Adobe
Acrobat 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9.
Can also use the Microsoft Save as PDF plug-in in
Office 2007
Reading order of PDF can be evaluated by using the
"Save As..." and "Text (Accessible)" option
Complex Considerations
•
Complex Media
End-user control is ultimate goal
Interactivity issues
Social Media
Distribution & Organization: Wiki’s, LMS, CMS, Blogs,
Podcasts, websites, documents...
Emerging technology
Content vs. Container
Recognizing the difference
Access capabilities for content
Access controlled by author
Access capabilities for containers
Access not controlled by author
Container limitations must be alleviated through
content design when possible.
Example: Video
Content = video information (visual, audio, text)
Container = digital media type (.avi, .mov, .flv)
Presentation = Browser, standalone player, mobile,
etc.
•
Access capabilities relate to content, container, and
final presentation/distribution.
Apps for Students in
Higher Education
Android & iOS:
There’s an app for that...
Competing platforms
Similar capabilities
Communities of users (fanboys & zealots)
Bleeding edge of innovation
Educational Uses
Note taking
text entry vs. audio recording
Reading
mainstream media vs. specialized formats
Studying
App Evaluation Criteria
-3+ stars and greater than 60% positive reviews
for current version
-No major bugs or crash issues in reviews or
testing of current version
-Compatibility with common desktop applications
-Ongoing update cycle
Notetaking - iOS
Sound Paper
-
synchronizes text with audio recording
Evernote
-
Cloud-based notetaking allows access to notes from
different platforms
Auditorium Notes
-
records audio while entering text information, but
not synchronized
Notetaking - Android
Extensive Notes - Notepad
-
Supports audio recordings, media attachments, and
TTS
Evernote
-
Cloud-based notetaking allows access to notes from
different platforms
Catch Notes
-
Capture text, audio, images, and synch with web.
Reading - iOS
•
iBooks
-ePub and PDF reader
-Supports VoiceOver interactions
•
Stanza
-ePub and PDF reader
•
ReaddleDocs
-PDF, MS Office, and iWorks reader
Reading - Android
Aldiko Book Reader
-ePub and PDF reader
•
FBreaderJ
-ePub and PDF reader
-online library support
•
Moon+ Reader
-Supports txt, html, epub, umb, zip, opds
-Full visual control of color, line spacing,
•
font size, orientation, and more
DAISY Players iOS
InDAISY
•
-Full-text/Full-audio DAISY player
-Supports DAISY 2.02 & 3 formats
VOD (Voice of DAISY)
•
-Full-text/Full-audio DAISY 2.02 player
RFB&D Player
•
-RFB&D Audio-only DAISY books
Idea Mapping iOS
iThoughts HD
-Mind Manager/Inspiration-style
interface
-Import & Export support for many
desktop applications
(e.g., MindManager, Freemind,
MindGenius)
Idea Mapping - Android
Thinking Space
-Mind Manager/Inspiration-style
interface
-Import & Export support for many
desktop applications
(e.g., MindManager, Freemind, xMind)
Flash Cards iOS
AnkiMobile
-Expensive, but desktop application is
free
-Supports variety of media formats
Study Cards
-Text-based flash card interface
Flash Cards Android
AnkiDroid
-Free
-Compatible with Anki 1.2.5
-Many free decks available
Any Memo Free
-Supports many media formats (audio &
image)
-TTS support
-Import & Export between Mnemosyne,
Mobile Devices Revealed
•
Let’s take a look at some real examples of:
Different types of devices
Different types of media
Questions?
Thank You