Name___________________
Date __________
Cells Review Packet – Answer Key
Word Bank – Use the words below to answer the questions.
You will use some words more than once.
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Diffusion
Cell Wall
Phospholipid
Respiration
Hydrophobic
Membrane
Chloroplasts
Eukaryote
Prokaryote
Cell Wall
Vacuole
Nucleus
Semi-permeable
1. This word means “fear of water” and describes molecules that do NOT bond
with water. hydrophobic
2. This is a molecule with a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail that is
arranged in a bilayer (double layer) to form the cell membrane.
phospholipid
3. This is the part of a cell where the DNA is stored. It is the control center.
nucleus
4. This large organelle stores water and food and supports plant cell structure.
valcuole
5. These organelles are found in both plant and animal cells. Their job is to
make energy for the cell.
mitochondria
6. This word describes cells that have a nucleus.
eukaryotes
7. These organelles make proteins. Some float around in the cell and others are
bound to the endoplasmic reticulum.
ribosomes
8. This is the protective outer layer that holds the animal cell together. It is
semi-permeable.
membrane
9. This word is the name for a cell that does NOT have a nucleus, like a
bacteria.
prokaryote
10. This process is when stuff (like salt or sugar) moves across a membrane to
balance concentrations. osmosis
11. This is the part of a plant cell that surrounds the cell and gives it protection
and a definite shape.
Cell wall
12. This organelle is where photosynthesis happens. It is found only in plant
cells. chloroplast
13. This is the process that occurs in the mitochondria in which cells convert
glucose to ATP to make cellular energy.
respiration
14. This word describes the membrane. It means the membrane lets some things
through it but not others. Semi-permeable
At what temperature does enzyme B function
best?
A) 40
B) 65
C) 80
D) 100
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
Put the items from the word bank into the venn-diagram below comparing
prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
both
Bacteria
Does NOT have a nucleus
Most basic cell
Have a cell
membrane (outside)
Has a nucleus
DNA stored in the nucleus
More complex
More organelles
Multi-cellular organisms
Has a nucleus
DNA stored in the nucleus
More complex
Bacteria
Does NOT have a nucleus
More organelles
Most basic cell
Multi-cellular organisms
1
2
Have a cell membrane
3
Which of the above cells is a prokaryote? How do you know?
_____#1 because it has a flagellum, does not have a nucleus, and is less complex_____________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Plant vs Animal
Name 3 things that are different about a plant cell than an animal cell.



Plant cells have a cell wall.
Plant cells have chloroplasts to do photosynthesis.
Plant cells have a central vacuole.
`
Which one is the animal cell? How do you know?
The animal cell is the one on the right because it is round and does not have a central vacuole or
chloroplasts.
Cell Membranes
The membrane of a cell is made of molecules called phospholipids. Draw a
phospholipid below. Then, draw how a phospholipid is arranged in the cell
membrane. Include membrane proteins in your drawing.
Explain Osmosis. Give a definition and an example, using the words
concentration, passive process, semi-permeable, and membrane.
Osmosis is when water flows across a semi-permeable membrane to
balance conversations. It is a passive process, meaning it does not
require energy. An example would be when a freshwater fish is put into
the ocean, the water will flow out of its cells to try to balance the
concentration of salt in the ocean.
I am an organelle. Who Am I? (Each clue is a different organelle.)
I am responsible for determining what flows into and out of a cell.
membrane
I am only found in plants, but I provide plants with so much energy.
chloroplasts
I am responsible for making sure that are proteins have the correct shape, and
thereby the correct function.
Golgi apparatus
I am responsible for producing proteins.
ribosomes
I hold all organelles in place. I am found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Cytoskeleton (cytoplasm is also ok)
I give plant cells extra support and structure.
Cell wall
I can be found in two forms and my main role is to make sure that proteins get to
where they need to go in the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth ER)
I am responsible cleaning up and destroying different parts of the cell.
lysosomes
My role is to take things and hold on to them until they are needed or can be
destroyed.
vacuoles
I am responsible for providing all eukaryotes with energy.
mitochondria
Name the three organelles found also in prokaryotes.
Ribosomes, mitochondria, cell membrane, flagella
Name the three organelles found in plants only.
Chloroplasts, cell wall, central vacuole
Cell Picture Practice
1. Label all of the parts of the cell.
Nucleus, mitochondrium, chloroplast, central vacuole, cell wall, golgi apparatus,
rough ER, smooth ER, ribosome
2. Is this a plant or animal cell? How do you know?
It is a plant cell because it has a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole.
Biomolecules Review
Fill out the chart below:
Where it’s
made in our
bodies
Function for
our bodies
Examples in
food
Protein
ribosomes
Many
(enzymes,
membrane
channels, cell
structures,
ribosomes)
Meat, nuts,
yogurt, eggs
Lipid
Smooth ER
Store energy
Cheese,
butter, oil
Carbohydrate
(digested in)
the mouth by
amylase in
the saliva,
also digested
by amylase in
the small
intestine
Primary
source of
energy (easy,
fast, most
common)
Rice,
potatoes,
pasta,
crackers
Molecule
Picture