Lithuania:
Knowledge Management in
eGovernment
Prof. Renaldas Gudauskas
2003 11 24
The challenge for Leaders today is to
define an economic, social, and political
vision for a new kind of society: a
knowledge-based society.
The Harvard Policy Group, 2000, ‘Eight Imperatives for leaders in a networked
world’, Technical Report, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
Situation
 The real problem is, that in many cases
Strategic decision making Political
leadership from strategy has degenerated
into orchestrating operational
improvements.
 There is great need for critical mass of
highfliers – vision builders, change
masters, IT alliance managers,
relationship builders, reformers and
organizational re-architects
eGovernment application layers
VISION
Political &
Strategic
Dimension
STRATEGIES
Reference models for
general strategies
Political
decision
Implementation
Operation
F
E
E
D
B
A
C
K
INITIATIVES
PROJECTS
Reference models for:
engineering;
system architectures
processes
Data and information
APPLICATIONS
European Development towards Online One-stop Government: The “eGOV” Project by Maria A. Wimmer.
The development of successful
eGovernment programmes require:
 There must be visible and committed leadership
within both the political and administrative arms
of government.
 There must be the right infrastructure and
implementation programme, with clear
accountability for results.
 There must be a clear policy statement, set
deliverables and a timetable.
 There must be a framework for an authentic egovernment strategy.
Accenture, ‘eGovernment Leadership: Rhetoric vs Reality – Closing the Gap’, company report,
www.accenture.com/xd/xd.asp?it=enWeb&xd=industries\government\gove_study.xml
Definition
 eGovernment is often defined as “e-business of the state”.
This is justifiable by the fact that both e-government and
e-business use the same infrastructure, hardware and
sometimes also software.
 eGovernment is the application of information and
communications technology (ICT) to transform the
efficiency, effectiveness, transparency and accountability
of informational and transactional exchanges within
government, between governments and government
agencies at federal, municipal and local levels, citizens and
businesses; and to empower citizens through access and
use of information and knowledge.
E-government and the e-world in general
has at least five dimensions:
 Technological
 Legal
 Organisational
 Socio-economic
 Democratic
Jakisch G., 2000,
Gren P., 2001,
eGovernment can be seen from four
perspectives:
 The addressee’s (citizen’s) perspective:
integrated access management and one-stop
(single-window) service
 The process perspective: redesigning
organizations
 The co-operation perspective: sustaining
collaborative decision making
 The knowledge perspective: managing
distributed domain knowledge
Lenk K., Tranmüller R., 2000, ‘A Framework for Electronic Government’, DEXA 2000, IEEE Press, pp. 271-277.
For governments, strategic
transformation involves four critical
factors that form the Cornerstones of
“eGovernment”:
 Customer centricity
 Knowledge focus
 Government integration
 Private sector involvement.
Jeremy Andrulis, Reconstructing government: Decisions that can shape your future.
IBM Corporation 2001
World Bank assessment
 Public and private sector Knowledge management,
supported by information and communications
technology, is an important element of knowledge
economy. For an institution or company to manage
knowledge well, there needs to be a systematic
alignment of overall management and information
management policies and processes, mindsets and
cultures, organizational structures, technologies,
budgets, and worker skills.
Lithuania aiming for a Knowledge economy. March 2003.
Promoting KM, eGOV, eBusiness
 Lithuania’s Public sector is facing several
challenges in implementing its Knowledge
management and eGovernment strategy. By
far the most pressing concern is the need for
credible, organized leadership to set
priorities, develop action plans and monitor
their implementation, and tackle cultural
issues for knowledge sharing.
General eGovernment Barriers:






Organisational cooperation
Legal issues
Technical infrastructure
Integration on existing processes
Funding
Political support
More detailed barriers include skill and knowledge
deficits, risk, suspicion, privacy concerns, social
exclusion and digital divide as well as technical,
data, structural, and cultural barriers.
Heeks R., 1998;
Kaptelinin V. 2000
Problems
 The absence of an adequate legal framework for electronic
transactions hampers the provision of eGovernment and
eBusiness services.At present, despite initial steps to
harmonize domestic legislation with international
standards for electronic transactions, Lithuania lags behind
in passing relevant regulations.
 There is a shortage of skilled technical and managerial
staff to undertake KM tasks. The education system does
not produce the needed practical and theoretical skills.
 Links bertween the public administration and the education
system should be created to provide formal and nonformal
training on KM.
The Knowledge Performance
Challenge
 The Government of Lithuania proposes the
following goals to help more firms develop,
adopt and market leading-edge innovations.
GOALS
 Vastly increase public and private
investments in knowledge infrastructure to
improve Lithuania’s R&D performance.
 Ensure that a growing number of firms benefit
from the commercial application of
knowledge.
Priorities
 Assign to the state institutions clear responsibilities for
knowledge management and eGovenment policy, strategy,
and monitoring of eGovernment processes.
 Develop a knowledge management strategy and action
plan to accelerate the integration of information systems
within and among ministries.
 Implement knowledge management systems within public
institutions, with top level political support.
 Encourage knowledge sharing in organizations and provide
the incentives and environment for employees to do so.
This recommendation is relevant not only within the public
administration, but also for many businesses.
The Structure of Interaction of Information Society
Development Institutions of the Government of Lithuania
The Commission of Information society development of the
Government of Lithuanian
The Commitee of Information Society of Lithuania
The Ministry of
Science and
Education of
Lithuania
The Ministry
of Transport
of Lithuania
The Ministry
of Internal
Affairs of
Lithuania
The Ministry
of Justice of
Lithuania
eGovernance
Other
Ministries
Other State
Institutions
The General Strategy of the Commission of
Information Society Development
Context of
Strategic Lithuania
Coordination
Integration
IS Strategy
Strategic
Control
Context
of EU
Strategic Direction
2002 - 2004
Primary tasks
 Provide good quality KE legislation;
 Ensure effective internal IT and KM use in the
government structures;
 Creating favorable climate for business and IT
synergy;
 KM education and training issues;
 Involvement in e-commerce processes
 E-knowledge creation fostering
A Knowledge-Based Development
Strategy
Access
Access to the rich diversity of human social and cultural experience in
order to build not only an informed or knowledgeable society, but a
wise one
Empowerment
The capacity and opportunity to participate actively in local, national and
global decision-making processes
Governance
Institutional framework to promote and encourage smart-partnership
New Value orientation of eGovernment:
Knowledge Management components and sub-elements
70%
PEOPLE
TECHNOLOGY
Attitudes, Sharing,
Data stores & formats,
Innovation, Skills,
Networks, Internet,
Team work, Motivation,
Data Mining &
Organization,
Analysis, Decision
Vision/Objectives,
LEARNING tools, Automation
Communities
Standards
Standards
10%
PROCESS
KM Maps,
20% Work flows, Integration,
Best Practices,
Business Intelligence
Standards
n% = effort
required
KM strategist D. Bhatt
Structure of eGovernment
Organizational Knowledge Base
Organizational learning
K
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o
w
l
e
d
g
e
b
a
s
e
Organizational
competencies
Teams
Individuals
Knowledge
Information
Data
K
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
b
a
s
e
Knowledge Clusters:
Government, Business, Universities
Knowledge
use
Government
Knowledge
development
and
distribution
Business
NGO
Universities
Public
property
Private
property
O
W
E
R
S
E
A
S
Binding three layers
KBT
Knowledge (KM, content, organisational tools)
Interactivity
ICT
Complexity
Communication Infrastructure, Computing
Infrastructure
Computational science (visualisation, simulation ..)
Conclusions
• The development of Information Society and Knowledge
•
•
•
•
•
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Economy are main priorities of Lithuanian Government;
eGovernment is part of Public administration reforms
strategy;
eGovernment policy is closely related with other
Governmental policies;
eGovernment projects are not only a ICT (information and
telecommunication) projects;
Lithuanian Government has adopted eGovernment
Concept in which KM functions are included;
KM oriented eGovernment projects can be implemented
only with close collaboration with private sector.
In the long run Lithuania has to develop new competencies
and it should be new generation of Knowledge managers