AUTOMATIC BUILT-IN JACK
SYSTEM IN AUTOMOBILES
A PROJECT BY:
Pushkar Prateek (2K11/AE/54)
Rahul Goyal (2K11/AE/57)
Rohan Arora (2K11/AE/61)
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Delhi Technological University
December, 2013
AUTOMATIC BUILT-IN JACK SYSTEM IN
AUTOMOBILES
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
ROHAN ARORA
PUSHKAR PRATEEK
RAHUL GOYAL
Under the guidance of
Mr. PARAS KUMAR
ASSISTANT PROFFESOR
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
FOR THE FULFILLMENT OF THE 5TH SEMESTER MINOR
PROJECT-I
OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
Bachelors of technology
In
AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
Of
DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
DELHI
December, 2013
STUDENTS’ DECLARATION
We, Pushkar Prateek, Rahul Goyal, and Rohan Arora hereby certify that the work which is
being presented in the minor project-I entitled “Automatic built-in jack system in
Automobiles” is being submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of B.Tech (Automobile Engineering) at the Delhi Technological University is an
authentic record of our own work carried out under the supervision of Mr. Paras Kumar.
We have not submitted the matter embodied in this project for the award of any other
degree or diploma. Also, it has not been directly copied from any source without giving its
proper reference.
Pushkar Prateek
Rahul Goyal
Rohan Arora
2K11/AE/054
2K11/AE/057
2K11/AE/061
3|Page
CERTIFICATE BY SUPERVISOR
This is to certify that the work contained in this minor project-I entitled “Automatic builtin jack system in Automobiles” by Pushkar Prateek, Rahul Goyal, and Rohan Arora is the
requirement for the partial fulfillment of the degree of B.Tech (Automobile Engineering)
at the Delhi Technological University. This work was completed under my direct
supervision and guidance. The students have done their work with utmost sincerity and
diligence.
The work embodied here has not been submitted for the award of any other degree/diploma
to the best of my knowledge.
Mr. Paras Kumar
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Delhi Technological University
4|Page
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SNo.
TOPICS
Pg. No.
i.
Abstract
6
1.
Introduction
7
1.1 General introduction
7
1.2 Current scenario
7
1.3 Current mechanism of jack operation
10
1.4 Pros and cons of existing mechanisms
13
Literature Review
14
2.1 Past Work Done
14
2.2 Research paper referred
16
3.1 Our purpose and objectives
18
3.2 Basic principle used
19
3.3 Jack driving power mechanisms
20
3.4 Position of jacks
21
3.5 Controlling of jacks
23
Advantages and disadvantages of this system
24
Conclusion
25
References
26
2.
3.
5|Page
ABSTRACT
Idea of “automatic inbuilt jack system in automobile (cars)” is to provide a novel jacking
system attached to the chassis of the automobile itself. This inbuilt jack can be actuated
from inside of the vehicle with the help of switches provided on the dash board.
An Automobile inbuilt hydraulic jack can be easily operated by a single push button
provided on the dash board. The jack will be installed on both the sides of chassis according
to the weight distributions of the car. Similarly it will be installed on the other side of the
car. The jacks actuate separately for either side of car as per the breakdown condition. The
car gets lifted and load gets distributed on three point i.e., plunger or ram of hydraulic
cylinder and tires except which is being lifted.
At a time maximum of two jacks (either both front or rear) can be used to lift the
automobile in case of any breakdown or for reconditioning the same. This jack will be very
useful for all the senior citizens and especially for females (ladies) who find it extremely
difficult to operate the jack manually in any breakdown condition.
Keeping the practical simulation and fabrication in view, mainly mechanical or hydraulic
jack can be used. Pneumatic jack is being ruled out due to compressive nature of gases,
hence less power would develop and complex design of the system. Hydraulic jack looks
promising as incompressible fluid will comparatively provide more power. Increase in
weight of the vehicle, design of the jack and last but not the least cost increase needs
optimization.
The motive behind using hydraulic system instead of a pneumatic system is the more power
produced by the system and simple in design as compared to a pneumatic design. As the
hydraulic oil is incompressible so the lifting capacity is more in comparison with the
pneumatic system which operates on air which is compressible.
6|Page
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Our survey in the regard in several users of vehicles, revealed the facts that mostly some
difficult methods were adopted in lifting the vehicles for reconditioning. Now the project
is mainly concentrated on this difficulty, such that the vehicle can be lifted from the floor
land without application of any impact force. The motorized screw jack has been developed
to cater to the needs of small and medium automobile garages, which are normally man
powered with minimum skilled labor. In most of the garages the vehicles are lifted by using
screw jack. This needs high man power and skilled labour. In order to avoid all such
disadvantages, the built-in jack should be designed in such a way that it can be used to lift
the vehicle very smoothly without any impact force. The operation is made simple so that
even unskilled labour can use it with ease. As automobile market is growing, advance
concepts are being implemented to make automobiles more and more versatile and
comfortable. Many concepts are implemented day to day to make automobile better and
better these days. One such concept is of variable height adjustment in vehicle by adjusting
its ground clearance. In this way the vehicle becomes more versatile and can be operated
over variety of bad as well as good road conditions.
1.2 CURRENT SCENARIO:
WHAT IS A JACK (13)?
A mechanical jack is a device which lifts heavy equipment and vehicles so that
maintenance can be carried out underneath. Car jacks usually use mechanical advantage to
allow a human to lift a vehicle by manual force alone. More powerful jacks use hydraulic
power to provide more lift over greater distances. Mechanical jacks are usually rated for
maximum lifting capacity.
 Automotive jacks are classified as:
7|Page
Automotive
Jacks
Hydraulic
Bottle Shape
Trolley(Floor
Jack)
1. Hydraulic jacks:
A. Bottle shape (11) :
B. Floor jack :
8|Page
Screw Type
Scissor jack
Bumper Jack
2. Screw Type
A. Scissor jack :
B. Bumper jack (10) :
9|Page
1.3 CURRENT MECHANISM OF JACK OPERATION
Hydraulic jacks:
 Hydraulic jacks are typically used for shop work, rather than as an emergency jack
to be carried with the vehicle.
 In these jacks, by operating the handle, which is a lever (a simple machine), fluid
is compressed and routed to an actuating cylinder. This results in lift.
 Hydraulic jacks are often used to lift elevators in low and medium rise buildings.
WORKING:
A hydraulic jack uses a fluid, which is incompressible, that is forced into a cylinder
by a pump plunger. Oil is used since it is self-lubricating and stable. When the
plunger pulls back, it draws oil out of the reservoir through a suction check valve
into the pump chamber. When the plunger moves forward, it pushes the oil through
a discharge check valve into the cylinder. The suction valve ball is within the
chamber and opens with each draw of the plunger. The discharge valve ball is outside
the chamber and opens when the oil is pushed into the cylinder. At this point the
suction ball within the chamber is forced shut and oil pressure builds in the cylinder.
TYPES OF HYDRAULIC JACKS
1. Floor Jacks: These jacks are primarily used to lift heavy equipment from the
surface of the floor. It is more often used to change the tyres of vehicles.
2. Hydraulic Bottle Jacks: Hydraulic bottle are versatile since they can be placed
in tight spots and provides good leverage. They have a longer handle as compared
to rest of the hydraulic jacks and push up against a lever that gives a lift to the main
lift arm. With their use, it is possible to give a greater lift per stroke.
10 | P a g e
3. Long Ram Jacks: In simple terms, it is a hydraulic jack with a long size ram.
Its lever handle is quite easy to use. It is primarily used for performing various types
of repairing work.
4. Shop Press jacks: They are of great use in press jobs where there arises a need
to generate tremendous pressure with minimum effort.
SCREW JACKS:
A jackscrew is a type of jack which is operated by turning a leadscrew. In the form of
a screw jack it is commonly used to lift heavy weights such as the foundations of
houses, or large vehicles.
 In the case of a screw jack, a small force applied in the horizontal plane is used to
raise or lower large load.
 A jackscrew's compressive force is obtained through the tension force applied by
its lead screw.
 Harsh environment applications such as steel mills, mining, oil & gas, and primary
metal smelting operations, here screw Jacks are preferred over hydraulics. In these
environments where hydraulic cylinders would simply not survive the fluctuating
temperatures.
 A jackscrew's threads must support heavy loads. In the most heavy-duty
applications, such as screw jacks, a square thread or buttress thread is used,
because it has the lowest friction. In other application such as actuators, an Acme
thread is used, although it has higher friction.
11 | P a g e
TYPES OF SCREW JACKS
1. Scissor jack: A scissor jack is a device constructed with a cross-hatch mechanism,
much like a scissor, to lift up a vehicle for repair or storage. It typically works in
just a vertical manner. The jack opens and folds closed, applying pressure to the
bottom supports along the crossed pattern to move the lift. When closed, they have
a diamond shape. Scissor jacks are simple mechanisms used to drive large loads
short distances. The power screw design of a common scissor jack reduces the
amount of force required by the user to drive the mechanism. Most scissor jacks
are similar in design, consisting of four main members driven by a power screw. A
scissor jack is operated simply by turning a small crank that is inserted into one end
of the scissor jack. This crank is usually "Z" shaped. The end fits into a ring hole
mounted on the end of the screw, which is the object of force on the scissor jack.
When this crank is turned, the screw turns, and this raises the jack. The screw acts
like a gear mechanism. It has teeth (the screw thread), which turn and move the two
arms, producing work. Just by turning this screw thread, the scissor jack can lift a
vehicle that is several thousand pounds.
2. Bumper jacks: They were used earlier and are not prevalent nowadays.
12 | P a g e
1.4 PROS AND CONS OF BOTH MECHANISMS
Screw Jacks and Hydraulic Cylinders each offer their own unique advantages as lifting and
positioning devices
SCREW JACKS:
 Over time, hydraulic cylinders can lose position or “creep” due to loss of pressure
at the pump or through the cylinder seal. In some cases, a damaged hydraulic line
or hose can cause complete loss of position. This will not happen with Screw Jacks
since the primary lifting mechanism (acme thread) is inherently self-locking i.e. the
jack will not “creep” even when the drive motor is shut down.
 Screw jacks are often preferred for their self-locking characteristics, ability to
withstand harsh environments, minimal drive components, and high duty cycles.
 Scissor jacks are handy because they are compact when they are in their contracted
position.
 Harsh environment applications such as steel mills, paper mills, mining, oil & gas,
and primary metal smelting operations are the areas where Screw Jacks are
preferred over hydraulics. Jacks commonly operate for many years in these
environments where hydraulic cylinders would simply not survive the fluctuating
temperatures and gritty conditions without frequent breakdown.
 Additional benefits of screw jacks include minimal drive components and setup
simplicity. Where hydraulics require a pumping device, oil reservoir, and oil lines,
Joyce Screw Jacks can be directly connected to a drive motor and a simple on/off
control device.
HYDRAULIC JACK:
 These jacks are sturdier than the scissor jacks and can lift heavier loads.
 Over time, hydraulic cylinders can lose position or “creep” due to loss of pressure
at the pump or through the cylinder seal.
13 | P a g e
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 PAST WORK DONE
EARLIEST JACK DEVELOPMENT:
 There is evidence of the use of screws in the Ancient Roman world but it was
Leonardo da Vinci, in the late 1400s, who first demonstrated the use of a screw jack
for lifting loads.
HIS DESIGN:
 Leonardo design used a threaded worm gear, supported on bearings, that is rotated
by the turning of a worm shaft to drive a lifting screw to move the load - instantly
recognizable as the principle we use today.
FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS:
Screw type mechanical jacks were very common for jeeps and trucks of World War
II vintage. For example, the World War II jeeps were issued the "Jack, Automobile,
Screw type, Capacity 1 and 1/2 ton".
With the industrial revolution of the late 18th and 19th centuries came the first use
of screws in machine tools, via English inventors such as John Wilkinson and Henry
Maudsley. During the early 1880s in Coaticook, a small town near Quebec, a 24year- old inventor named Frank Henry Sleeper designed a lifting jack. Like da
Vinci’s jack, it was a technological innovation because it was based on the principle
of the ball bearing for supporting a load and transferred rotary motion, through
gearing and a screw, into linear motion for moving the load. The device was efficient,
reliable and easy to operate. It was used in the construction of bridges, but mostly by
the railroad industry, where it was able to lift locomotives and railway cars. The idea
was based on the familiar lever and fulcrum principle and he needed someone to
manufacture it
14 | P a g e
 There was clearly potential for using this technology for other applications and only
10 years later, in 1940, the first worm gear screw jack, that is instantly recognizable
today, was offered by Duff-Norton, for adjusting the heights of truck loading
platforms and mill tables.
 Since then the product has evolved to push, pull, lift, lower and position loads of
anything from a few kilos to hundreds of tonnes. One of the biggest single screw
jacks made to date is a special Power Jacks E-Series unit that is rated for 350 tonnes
even in earthquake conditions for the nuclear industry.
15 | P a g e
2.2 RESEARCH PAPERS REFERRED
1. Integrated Automated Jacks for 4-wheelers (8)
P.S. Rana, P.H. Belge1, N.A. Nagrare1, C.A. Padwad1, P.R. Daga1, K.B.
Deshbhratar1
ABSTRACT
An Automobile hydraulic jack can be easily operated by a single push button provided
on the dash board. The jack will be installed on both the sides of chassis according to
the weight distributions of the car. Similarly it will be installed on the other side of the
car. The system operates on hydraulic drive which consists of three main parts:
Hydraulic pump, driven by an electric motor, hydraulic cylinder to lift the vehicle. The
hydraulic jacks actuate separately for either side of car as per the breakdown condition.
The car gets lifted and load gets distributed on three point i.e., plunger or ram of
hydraulic cylinder and two tires opposite to side which is lifted. This jack will be very
useful for all the senior citizens and especially for females (ladies) who find it extremely
difficult to operate the jack manually in any breakdown condition. The motive behind
using hydraulic system instead of a pneumatic system is the more power produced by
the system and simple in design as compared to a pneumatic design. As the hydraulic
oil is incompressible so the lifting capacity is more in comparison with the pneumatic
system which operates on air which is compressible.
2. ANALYSIS OF AUTO CAR JACK (7)
M.M. Noor1, K. Kadirgama1 and M.M. Rahman1
ABSTRACT
16 | P a g e
Side road emergency is always a common headache especially during the tire punctured.
This paper discussed the development of the car jack for emergency usage with using
internal cigarette lighter power (12volts). The automatic easy car-jack utilized this
power source to save individuals internal energy. Gear ratio was used to increase the
lifting power. The car jack was developed utilizing the Solidworks® and analysed using
Finite Element Analysis to check safety factor and force acting. The car jack tested on
real car and it proven it can be used commercially
3. Inbuilt Hydraulic Jack in Automobile Vehicles (9)
ABSTRACT:
An inbuilt hydraulic jack system is attached to automobile vehicle on front and rear part
of the chassis. An automobile hydraulic jack system can be easily attached to all
currently manufacture automobile chassis and frames.
There is a front suspension hydraulic jack that is mounted centrally to the front
suspension of an automobile between its front wheels. There is also a rear suspension
hydraulic jack that is mounted centrally to the rear suspension of the automobile
between its rear wheels. The system operates from a compressed fluid reservoir tank
that has connections for the front and rear car jack outlets. Additional outlets can be
added to the compressed fluid reservoir tank for connecting a hydraulic lug wrench and
another for a tire inflating hose.
The Major Project entitled “Inbuilt hydraulic jack in automobile vehicle” Worked on
the principal of hydraulic power and operated by 12 Volt DC current, solves the all
major problem of maintenance of all automobiles specially the heavy vehicles like truck
and bus.
This work, if implemented, would definitely help in the maintenance of automobiles
and also in saving of time.
17 | P a g e
3.1 OUR PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES
 To provide a safe and simple automatic jack system without use of manual effort.
 To provide an alternative jack system that can operate without external sources
of actuation, such as extra hydraulic pumps, reservoirs, or pneumatic systems.
 To provide a novel jack system that can be operated from within the vehicle by
means of a dashboard control panel.
 To provide a novel jack system that is directly and permanently incorporated into
the vehicle frame in such a way as to prevent the additional risk of damage or
weathering.
Limitations of the current floor jack:
 Current floor jacks – Manually mounted on the vehicle frame, and
necessitate an external hydraulic pump or pneumatic system or mechanical
force.
 They can’t be used by old people or the increasing number of lady drivers.
Problem to be solved:
Make the floor jack convenient and efficient to use from within the automobile.
Also at the same time the jack system assembly should be feasible and
economically practical and the weight of the vehicle also should be not be largely
increased.
Solution to be investigated:
Development an automatic built-in jack
18 | P a g e
3.2 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT
PASCAL’s LAW (12):
His law states that pressure in a confined fluid is trans-mitted undiminished in every
direction and acts with equal force on equal areas and at right angle to a container's
walls as shown in fig below:
19 | P a g e
3.3 What We Propose:
Power can be derived in the following ways for the movement of the jack:
 Power can be taken from the running engine on neutral gear.
 Power can be taken directly from the battery.
 Jack can be raised with the help by a hybrid mechanism which uses electric
energy from the battery and drives the motor to operate a hydraulic jack.
One of the above options can be chosen according to their efficiency and cost
effectiveness.
 We are currently trying to take the power by last method which is by a hybrid mechanism
which uses electric energy from the battery and drives the motor to operate a hydraulic
jack
20 | P a g e
3.4 POSITION OF JACKS IN VEHICLES
Bottom view of the automatic jack system illustrating the position of four jacks in the
retracted position in a car marked with ‘4’.
Lateral view of the vehicle illustrating the relative position of two jacks in the lowered
position, car.
21 | P a g e
Bottom view of the automatic jack illustrating the position of four jacks in the retracted
position, in a truck or a SUV vehicle marked with ‘4’.
Lateral view of the vehicle illustrating the relative position of two jacks in the lowered
position, truck.
1. WHEELS OF VEHICLE
2. GEARBOX
3. ENGINE
4. POSITION OF JACKS
5. REAR AXLE
22 | P a g e
3.5 CONTROLLING THE MOVEMENT OF JACKS
Schematic top view of the control panel in automobile illustrating the layout of the control
switches.
This way we can provide electrical switches in the instrument panel inside the car which
will provide enhanced convenience of the operation of jacks for the passengers.
23 | P a g e
ADVANTAGES OF THIS SYSTEM
 The maintenance of vehicle will be very easy and cheap.
 This type of system is very useful for ladies and old people since during the problem
of puncher of tyres, they can easily change the wheel.
 Time saving of maintenance
 This is also very useful for heavy vehicles such as trucks and buses, since there is
a common problem of breaking leaf spring plates
 A single person can go on a long drive without worrying about getting stuck in the
way.
DISADVANTAGES OF THIS SYSTEM
 Cost will increase slightly.
 Weight of vehicle will increase slightly.
24 | P a g e
CONCLUSION
Automatic inbuilt jacking system in automobiles will not only save the effort of a person
but will also save one’s precious time under critical circumstances.
This concept will eliminate the need of carrying a conventional mechanical scissor jack
while travelling. It is a very feasible concept and if worked over cautiously, will become
popular very soon.
Motor operated mechanical jacks are already in the market but the jack’s design is the area
of concern. In order to make built-in jack system practical, jack’s shape and type need
modification.
Mechanical jacks are pretty easily operated but their effectiveness and maintenance may
become an issue as they will be move with chassis, constantly underneath hence, chances
of rusting and damage is high.
Hydraulic jacks look convenient to use and can also prove quite effective and easy to
maintain (as completely closed) in long run, they will provide more power too but there
are also some challenges like keeping low production cost and designing of jack which can
be carried with the chassis given, common ground clearance level of an automobile, and
keeping in check the increase in weight of automobile.

After successful implementation of the above idea in small passenger cars, future
developments can be made in design to apply the same in heavy duty automobiles also.
25 | P a g e
REFERENCES
1. Mueller, Pamela, and Thomas L. Mueller. "Built In-Power Jack." U.S. Patent
Number 4,993,688, 1991 [2].
2. William Cox (July 2001), "Light Talk on Heavy Jacks", Old-House Journal.
3. Parr, Andrew. Hydraulics and Pneumatics: A Technician's and Engineer's
Guide. 1st Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999. Print.
4. Mosely, David J. "Vehicle Mounted Hydraulic Jack System." U.S. Patent
Number 5,377,957,1995.
5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device).
6. Built-in power jack, US 4993688 A Thomas L. Mueller, Pamela A. Mueller.
7.
Noor,M.M., Kadirgama K., Rahman,M.M .,ANALYSIS OF AUTO CAR
JACK,2010.
8.
Rana P.S., Belge P.H., Nagrare N.A., Padwad C.A., Daga P.R.,
Deshbhratar K.B. Mandavgade N.K. Integrated Automated Jacks for 4wheelers,2012.
9. Abuzaid Mohammed, Hasnain Mohammad, Alam Shabaj, Khan Sohail,
Agarwal Surendra , Inbuilt Hydraulic Jack in Automobile Vehicles,Vol.2 ,
2013.
10. http://www.northerntool.com/shop/tools/product_200318919_200318919
11. http://www.deltahoist.com/catalog/product/15
12. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_law
13. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_(device)
14. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0RZhi52zu4
26 | P a g e
27 | P a g e