Strategy, Projects & Programs
• Strategy is implemented through projects.
• A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to
create a unique product, service or result.
• A program is a group of related projects
designed to accomplish a common goal over an
extended period of time.
Characteristics of a Project
• Established objective/s
• A defined life span with a beginning and an end
• Usually, the involvement of several departments
and professionals
• Typically, doing something that has never been
done before
• Specific time, cost, resource and performance
requirements
Action Plan
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Work/Process Breakdown Structure
Time Estimates
Cost Estimates
Organizational Resource Requirements
Performance Requirements, Deliverables
& Assignment of Responsibilities
Work/Process Breakdown Structure
(WBS/PBS)
WBS: a hierarchical method that successively
subdivides the work of the project into discrete,
smaller detail
PBS: a hierarchical method used when the
outcome results from a series of steps or phases
Work Breakdown Structure
Example
New
Restaurant
Concept
Menu
Development
Facilities
Design
Management
Development
Process Breakdown Structure
Example
Develop a
New Menu
Choose Menu
Type and
Menu Cycle
Develop
Menu Items
Price Menu
Items
Combined Work/Process Breakdown
Structure Example
New
Restaurant
Concept
Level 1
Level 2
Facility
Design
Menu
Development
Choose Menu
Type & Menu
Cycle
Develop
Menu Items
Price Menu
Items
Management
Development
Issue, Recommendation & Objectives
Issue: How can Chipotle leverage its employee-friendly
compensation and reward practices to motivate
empowered employees and deliver a dining experience
that is far better than what fast food companies can offer?
Recommendation: Implement a customer-driven incentive
system that rewards employees who exceed customers’
expectations of fast food and fast-casual restaurants
Objectives:
1) Chipotle will receive a higher Consumer Reports dining
experience rating (currently at 83) than Rubio’s (at 84) and Taco
Bell (at 73) in 2016 & 2017.
2) Chipotle will meet Trefis forecasts for average number of visits
per restaurant per year of 208,000 in 2016 and 216,000 in 2017.
Work Breakdown Structure
Customer-driven
employee incentive
program
Define goals
from
employee &
customer
perspective
Develop
employee-&
customerrelevant
metrics
Design
program
mechanics
and reward
schedule
Develop
promo
campaign
Develop
budget and
secure
approval
Finalize
details
Launch
program
Monitor
results
Select ONLY 3 Level 1 Tasks
Customer-driven
employee incentive
program
Define goals
from
employee &
customer
perspective
Develop
employee-&
customerrelevant
metrics
Design
program
mechanics
and reward
schedule
Develop
promo
campaign
Develop
budget and
secure
approval
Finalize
details
Launch
program
Monitor
results
For each task selected…
• Develop time estimates
• Develop cost estimates
• Human, physical, technological &
organizational resource requirements
• Performance requirements, deliverables &
assignment of responsibilities
Note: All of these must be covered for each
task that you choose to discuss and
discussed separately for each task
For each task selected…
• Develop time estimates; you can include:
– Start date/s, End date/s, Latest start & end
dates, etc.
– Contingency plans for delays
– Scheduling policies and procedures
– Penalties and rewards for early completion,
meeting and missing deadlines
– Etc.
For each task selected…
• Develop cost estimates; you can include:
– Planned costs and allowances
– Spending, reporting and auditing policies and
procedures
– Sources of funds, cost of funds
– Penalties and rewards for savings, meeting
budgets, cost overruns
– Etc.
For each task selected…
• Human, physical, technological &
organizational resource requirements; you
can include:
– Staffing, task assignments
– Organizing mechanisms for coordination and
control
– External stakeholder involvement
– Infrastructure/technical support
– Etc.
For each task selected…
• Performance requirements, deliverables &
assignment of responsibilities; you can
include:
– Contribution to strategic/financial objectives
– Output, reports, tracking best practices
– Task leader/s, project liaison/s
– Penalties & rewards for quality of deliverables
– Etc.
Other guidelines for the AP
• Place your WBS/PBS in the Appendix
• Just state the tasks and details as listed;
you do not have to explain the how’s or
the why’s. Number each task that you
discuss (i.e. Task 1, Task 2 & Task 3).
• Make sure that each task selected is
clearly identified and discussed separately
from each other; DO NOT COMBINE
THEM
The Appendix Section
• This is not included in the page limit
• Must include the ENTIRE WBS/PBS
diagram with ONLY first level tasks. Mark
the three (3) tasks that you discussed in
the report.
• Explain from where and/or how the
financial and strategic objectives were
derived.