{SPORTS}
{WASHERS}
Brand Name : Adidas*
Location of Production : China
Turkey Malaysia Taiwan
Vietnam Thailand
Germany[ONLY 1* PAIR]
Headquarters : Germany
Brand Name : Zanussi
Location of Production : Italy, France
Headquarters : Italy
{STATIONARY}
{STORY BOOKS}
Brand Name : Sanrio
Location of Production : China
Taiwan Korea Japan
Headquarters : Japan
Brand Name : Ladybird
Location of Production : China Italy
Headquarters : Italy
Canon IXUS 65
Canon PowerShot A530
Made in Japan...
Made in Malaysia...
Price : $2980
Price : $1680
Q:Could you explain why the two cameras are sold at different prices?
Salesman:Oh.. of course, they look so different. IXUS 65 looks “smart” and high
quality , it was made in Japan {headquarter}and the accessories must be better
than PowerShot A530. A530 doesn’t look so good. It was made in Malaysia. The
production cost would be lower than IXUS 65.So IXUS 65 is more expensive than
A530.
Q: Why are the prices of the same set of cameras produced in various locations
different?
Salesman: The production cost of South-east Asia is lower .And there are more
materials than the headquarter . No need to import. This can satisfy the
customers’ different needs. Maybe they will choose the one which has higher
quality or the one which is cheaper.
We would like to buy IXUS 65. Its quality is higher.
It is easy to carry and light.
The headquarters are in Japan, Germany and Italy. They are all in the North and more
developed countries. E.g. Japan, Germany, Italy
The locations of the production are Turkey, Malaysia, Thailand, China, Vietnam, Korea,
France. Most of them are in the South and less developed countries. E.g. China, Turkey,
Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam.
The locations of production are in the South and the headquarters are in the North.
good transport
Government subsidies
Attract foreign investment
Labours are well educated
~ Lower labour cost
~ Lower land prices
~ Lower production cost
~ Larger land areas
~ Transport cost is lower
~ Production cost is lower
~ More business opportunities
1. Helps to keep the peace
~helping trade to flow smoothly
~providing countries with a constructive
fair outlet for dealing with disputes over trade issues.
(Pros)
2. Allows disputes to be handled constructively
~More trade means more possibilities for disputes to arise.
~Left to themselves, those disputes could lead to serious conflict.
~A lot of international trade tension is reduced because countries
can turn to organizations.
(Pros)
3. Makes life easier for all
~This makes life easier for all, in several different ways. Smaller countries
can enjoy some increased bargaining power.
.
(Pros)
4. Free trade cuts the cost of living
Protectionism is expensive. It raises prices.
The WTO’s global system lowers trade barriers through
negotiation and applies the principle of nondiscrimination.
The result is reduced costs of production (because
imports used in production are cheaper) and reduced
prices of finished goods and services, and ultimately
a lower cost of living.
(Pros)
5. Gives consumers more choice
The success of an imported product or service on the domestic market can
also encourage new local producers to compete, increasing the choice of
brands available to consumers as well as increasing the range of goods and
services produced locally.
If trade allows us to import more, it also allows others to buy more of our
exports. It increases our incomes, providing us with the means of enjoying
the increased choice.
(Pros)
6. Trade raises incomes
Trade poses challenges as domestic producers face competition from
imports.
But the fact that there is additional income means that resources are
available for governments to redistribute the benefits from those who
gain the most.
(Pros)
7. Trade stimulates economic growth,
employment
Some countries are better at making adjustment than others. This is
partly because some countries have more effective adjustment
policies.
Economic growth means more jobs. It is also true that some jobs are lost
even when trade is expanding.
(Pros)
Cont of 7.
First, there are other factors at play. For example, technological
advance has also had a strong impact on employment and productivity,
benefiting some jobs, hurting others.
Second, while trade clearly boosts national income (and prosperity), this
is not always translated into new employment for workers who lost
their jobs as a result of competition from imports.
(Pros)
8. The basic principles lead to greater
efficiency and they cut price
Trade allows a division of labour between countries. It allows resources
to be used more appropriately and effectively for production.
It helps to increase efficiency and to cut costs even more because of
important principles enshrined in the system.
(Pros)
9. The system shields governments from
narrow interests
Superficially, restricting imports looks like an effective way of
supporting an economic sector. But it biases the economy against
other sectors which shouldn’t be penalized.
Protectionism can also escalate as other countries retaliate by raising
their own trade barriers. Even the sectors demanding protection ended
up losing.
(Pros)
10. The system encourages good government
The rules include commitments not to backslide into unwise policies. Protectionism is
unwise.
-- Living standards can go up faster.
-- An open economy spurs innovation with fresh ideas from abroad.
-- Export jobs often pay more than other jobs.
Globalization is a
devil!!!!!
(Cons)
1.Lose Jobs
Millions of people have lost or fear
losing their jobs due to imports or
production shifts abroad.
(Cons)
2. Pay-cut
demands
Workers face pay-cut demands from
employers.
Most people find new jobs but pay
less.
(Cons)
3. Service and white-collar jobs moving
offshore
Service and white-collar jobs are
increasingly vulnerable to operations
moving offshore.
(Cons)
4.Affect environmental sanitation
• Only considers the free trade benefit
completely, does not give a thought to the
environmental protection, the social
equality, violates the sustainable
development.