Anatomy Project
Materials:
Markers
Transparency Paper
Copy Paper
Anatomy Pictures
Procedures
 All parts must be done by hand
 In transparency paper:
o Traced drawing of each system in color
o Number labels for each organ (do not use same number again across entire project)
 In copy paper (1-2 per system):
o Place a title with name of system on top
o List overall function of the system
o List organs using numbers that match labels on drawings
o Give the function for each organ/structure
For Parts II:
Systems/organs on copy paper / overall function listed
Items to be labeled / function listed on white paper
For Part III:
You may choose to do word descriptions or visual descriptions as you see fit
All criteria must be discussed
Resource Suggestions:
www.innerbody.com
http://www.visiblebody.com/
http://www.3dscience.com/Resources/3d_Human_Anatomy.php
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/esp/2002_general/Esp/default.htm
AP ONLY:
You may choose to TEST OUT of this project (by part; each part is a test)
You must earn 85% or higher on a key term test out.
You must test out prior to the project due date
Part I – Systems
1.
Nervous System
2. Brain
3. Signal Cord
4. Peripheral Nerves
5. Respiratory System
6. Nose
7. Epiglottis
8. Pharynx
9. Larynx
10. Trachea
11. Bronchi
12. Bronchioles
13. Lungs
14. Digestive System
15. Mouth
16. Salivary Glands
6. Pharynx (Not to be defined again)
17. Esophagus
18. Stomach
19. Liver
20. Gallbladder
21. Pancreas
22. Small Intestine
23. Large Intestine
24. Rectum
25. Excretory System
71. Skin
13. Lungs
26. Liver
27. Kidneys
28. Ureters
29. Urinary Bladder
30. Urethra
31. Skeletal System
32. Bones
33. Cartilage
34. Ligaments
35. Tendons
36. Muscular System
37. Skeletal Mucle
38. Smooth Muscle
39. Cardiac Muscle
40. Circulatory System
41. Heart
42. Veins
43. Arteries
44. Blood
45. Female Reproductive System
46. Ovaries
47. Fallopian Tubes
48. Uterus
49. Vagina
50. Male Reproductive System
51. Testes
52. Epididymis
53. vas deferens
54. Urethra
55. Penis
56. Endocrine System
57. Hypothalamus
58. Pituitary
59. Thyroid
60. Parathyroid
61. Adrenals
62. Pancreas
46. Ovaries (No need to be repeated)
51. Testes (No need to be repeated)
63. Lymphatic System
64. White blood cells
65. Thoracic Duct
41. Heart
66. Superior Vena Cava
67. Thymus
68. Spleen
69. Lymph nodes
70. Lymph vessels
71. Integumentary System (See skin cross section on Part II)
Part II – Structures
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Skin Cross Section
o Skin
o Hair
o Nails
o Sweat Glands
o Sebaceous Glands
o Epidermis
o Dermis
o Hypodermis
o Fat
o Nerves
o Blood vessels
o Sweat pore
o Hair follicle
Nerve Cell
o Dendrites
o Nucleus
o Cell Body
o Axon
o Myelin sheath
o Nodes
o Axon Terminals
Cerebrum
o Frontal Lobe
o Temporal Lobe
o Parietal Lobe
o Occipital Lobe
Brain
o Cerebrum
o Corpus Colosum
o Thalamus
o Hypothalamus
o Hyppocampus
o Pineal Gland
o Pituitary Gland
o Cerebellum
o Midbrain
o Brain Stem (Pons + Medulla
Oblongata)
o Spinal Cord
Eye
o Cornea
o Aqueous Humor
o Pupil
o Iris
o Lens
o Ligaments
o Muscle
o Vitreous Humor
o Retina
o Blood Vessels
o Choroid
o Sclera
o Fovea
o Optic Nerve
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Rods
Cones
Ear
o Ear Lobe
o Auditory Canal
o Tympanum
o Hammer
o Anvil
o Stirrup
o Oval Window
o Round Window
o Semicircular Canals
o Cochlear nerve
o Cochlea
o Bone
o Eustachian Tube
Heart & Circulation
o Systemic Circulation
o Pulmonary Circulation
o Myocardium
o Coronary Arteries
o Coronary Veins
o Septum
o Superior Vena Cava
o Inferior Vena Cava
o Right Atrium
o Tricuspid Valve
o Right Ventricle
o Pulmonary Valve
o Pulmonary Artery
o Pulmonary Veins
o Left Atrium
o Mitral Valve
o Left Ventricle
o Aortic Valve
o Capillaries of head and arms
o Capillaries of left lung
o Capillaries of right lung
o Capillaries of abdominal organs
and legs
Blood Vessels
o Connective Tissue
o Smooth Muscle
o Endothelium
o Artery
o Arteriole
o Capillary
o Vein
o Valve
Lungs
o Bronchiole
o Pulmonary Artery
o Pulmonary Vein
o Alveoli
o Diaphragm
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Edge of Pleural Membrane
Axial Skeleton
o Skull
o Sternum
o Ribs
o VertebralColum
Appendicular Skeleton
o Clavicle
o Scapula
o Humerus
o Radius
o Ulna
o Carpals
o Metacarpals
o Phalanges
o Femur
o Patella
o Fibula
o Tibia
o Tarsals
o Metatarsals
o Phalanges
Bones
o Spongy Bone
o Compact Bone
o Periosteum
o Bone Marrow
o Spongy Bone
o Osteocyte
o Artery
o Vein
o Periosteum
o Havarsian Canal
o Compact Bone
Joints Types
o Hinge (e.g. Knee)
o Pivot (e.g. Elbow
o Saddle (e.g. Fingers)
o Ball-and-Socket (e.g. Sholder)
o Immovable (Skull)
Joint Structure (Knee)
o Muscle
o Tendon
o Femur
o Patella
o Bursa
o Ligament
o Synovial fluid
o Cartilage
o Fat
o Fibula
o Tibia
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Muscles
o Skeletal Muscle
o Bundle of Muscle Fibers
o Muscle fiber (cell)
o Myofibril
o Z-Line
o Sarcomere
o Myosin
o Actin
Mouth
o Molars
o Bicuspids
o Cuspid
o Incisors
o Tongue
o Salivary Glands
o Taste Buds
Small intestine & Absorption
o Circular folds
o Villi
o Villus
o Epithelial cells
o Capillaries
o Lymph vessels
o Vein
o Artery
Kidney
o Cortex
o Medulla
o Renal Artery
o Renal Vein
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o Ureter
o Loop of Henle
o Bowman’s Capsule
o Glomerulus
o Nephron
o Capillaries
o Collecting duct
Male Reproductive System
o Urinary bladder
o Vas deferens
o Pubic bone
o Urethra
o Penis
o Seminal vesicle
o Rectum
o Prostrate gland
o Bulbourethral gland
o Epididymis
o Testis
o Scrotum
o Corpus Spongiosum
o Corpora Cavernosa
o Corona
o Perineal Raphe
o Meiring's sulcus
Sperm
o Head
o Nucleus
o Mitochondria
o Midpiece
o Tail
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Female Reproductive System
o Fallopian Tube
o Ovary
o Uterus
o Urinary Bladder
o Pubic Bone
o Urethra
o Cervix
o Rectum
o Vagina
o Labia Minora
o Labia Majora
o Clitoral Hood
o Clitoris
o Vulva
o Skene’s Gland
o Clitorial Glans
o G-spot
o Bartholin’s gland
o Urethral Opening
Ovum
Part III – Conceptual Drawings / Written Explanations
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Sodium-Potassium Pump
Action Potential
o Resting Potential
o Threshold
o Action potential
Synapse
o Synaptic clef
o Axon terminal
o Axon
o Vesicle
o Dendrite or adjacent neuron
o Receptor
o Neurotransmitter
Arc Reflex
o Sensory Receptors
o Sensory Neuron
o Interneuron
o Motor neuron
o Effector
o Spinal Cord
Vision
o Rods
o Cones
o Fovea
o Retina
o Lenses
o Pupils / Iris
Hearing & Balance
o Cochlea
o Hairs
o Semicircular Canals
Taste buds
Touch
o Pain
o Temperature
o Pressure
o Sensitive zones
Drugs
o Stimulants
o Depressants
o Cocaine
o Opiates
o Marijuana
o Alcohol
o Drug abuse
o Drug addiction
o Drug resistance
Muscle Contraction
o Myosin
o Actin
o Cross-bridge
o Binding sites
o ATP
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Muscle Contraction Control
o Neuromuscular junction
o Acetylcholine
o Strong Contraction
o Weak Contraction
Muscle to Bone Interaction
o Tendons
o Opposing Pairs
Exercise and Health
o Use vs. Disuse
o Muscle tone
o Aerobic exercises
o Resistance exercises
Skin Proteins
o Keratin
o Melanin
o Hair
o Nails
Heartbeat
o Pacemaker
o Heart rate
o Blood pressure
Heart disease
o Atherosclerosis
o Cardiac failure
o Heart Attack
o Stroke
Blood
o Plasma
o Red Blood Cells
o White Blood Cell
o Platelets
Breathing
o Gas exchange
o Motions
o Control
o Harms of smoking
Food and Energy
o Calorie
o Nutrients
 Carbohydrates
 Protein
 Fats
 Vitamins (Types/
Source/Functions)
 Mineral (Types/
Source/Functions)
o Balanced Diet
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Digestion
o Saliva
o Amylase
o Peristalsis
o Chemical Digestion
(Source/Active
Site/Enzyme/Effect on Food)
o Mechanical Digestion
o Villi & Small Intestine
Absorption
o Large Intestine
o Disorders
Kidneys
o Filtration
o Reabsorption
o Urine formation
o Urine testing
o Urine stones
o Control
o Dialysis
Hormones
o Steroid vs. Nonsteroids
o Glands / Hormones / Target /
Function
o Prostaglandin
Sexual Development
o Puberty
o Sperm Development
o Sperm Release
o Egg Development
o Egg Release
o Menstrual Cycle
 Follicular Phase
 Ovulation
 Luteal
 Menstruation
o STD’s
Embryonic Development
o Fertilization
o Implantation
o Differentiation
 Gastrulation
 Neurulation
 Extra embryonic
Membranes (including
placenta)
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Health General
o Germ Theory
o Pathogens
o Disease
o Koch’s Postulates
o Agents
 Viruses
 Bacteria
 Protists
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 Worms
 Fungi
o Transmissions
 Physical Contact
 Air
 Infected Animals
 Food & Water
o Treatment
 Antibiotics
 Vaccines
 Antivirals
 Antifungals
 Over-the-counter drugs
o Prevention
 Air quality
 Carbon
Monoxide
 Ozone
 Particulates:
Sand/Dust/Ash
/Lead/Mercury/
Asbestos
 Pesticide
 Fertilizer
 Water Quality
 Pesticide
 Fertilizers
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Toxic
chemicals
Sewage
 Diet
 Exercised
 Rest
 Abstinence
 Checkups
Immune System
o Immunity
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o Non-specific immunity
o First-line (Infection prevention)
 Skins
 Mucous
 Lysozyme
 Cilia
 Digestive enzymes
o Second-line (infection
containment)
 Inflammatory Response
 Fever
 Blood vessel thickening
 White blood cell
migration
 Phagocytosis
 Interferon
o Third-Line (Specific Immunity)
 Antibodies
 Humoral Immunity
 Cell-Mediated
Immunity
 Transplants
o Acquired-Immunity
 Vaccination
 Active immunity
 Passive immunity
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Allergies
 Allergens
 Histamines
Asthma
Autoimmune diseases
AIDS
 Virus
 Transmission
 Prevention
 Cure/Treatment
Cancer
o Benign tumor vs. cancer
o Cure vs. need vs. pleitropy
o Intracellular vs. extracellular
mutation control
o Increasing chances (Causing)
 Carcinogens
 Radiation
 Compromised Immune
System:
Old/Young/Immune
Disorder
o Decreasing chances (Prevention)
 Exercise
 Proper diet
 Strong immune system
 Decreasing exposure to
carcinogens and
radiation
 Routine scans /
examinations
o Treatment
 Radiation
 Chemotherapy
 Surgery