Welcome and Introduction
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BY
RAM S. JAKHU
CONFERENCE CHAIR
16 MARCH 2015
Purpose of this presentation
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 The purpose of this presentation is to set the stage for
deliberations at the 3rd Manfred Lachs Conference on the
theme of NewSpace Commercialization and the Law.
 I intend to explain briefly:
 the rationale,
 the objective
 some basic facts and trends, and
 the format of the Conference
Rationale of the Conference
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 The term ‘NewSpace’ is commonly used within the industry,
regulatory and policy circles pertaining to new commercial
space activities.
 Although difficult to precisely define, several themes appear to
apply clearly to the NewSpace movement:
disruptive technologies, entrepreneurship, privately held
companies, individual access to and settlement of space and
exploitation of space resources.
 Charles Stotler will be presenting an excellent paper on the
meaning and scope of the term NewSpace.
 According to Dr. Joseph Pelton, NewSpace is much more than
new commercial space activities.
Rationale of the Conference
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 NewSpace ventures exist across spectra of sizes, structures
and funding sources, ranging amongst:
 (a) truly new start-ups, some working out of their garages,
some backed by venture capitalists and others funded by
Public-Private Partnerships, including companies such as
Nanoracks, Skybox, and Made In Space;
 (b) new enterprises with billion dollar backing such as Bigelow
Aerospace, Blue Origin, SpaceX and Virgin Galactic;
 (c) older enterprises finding new traction in a newly
commercialized era & benefiting from new technologies,
including companies such as Orbital Sciences, Boeing and
Lockheed Martin;
Rationale of the Conference
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 (d) new alliances of newer & older players, like Stratolaunch &
Blue Origin’s partnership with United Launch Alliance; and
 (e) non-space companies making inroads into the NewSpace
paradigm, such as Google’s recent purchase of Skybox,
illustrating that space and technologies developed in space have
the potential to affect every aspect of life on Earth.
 NewSpace commercialization is making space less rocket science
 Through innovative technologies, new business initiatives, new
players, new production techniques and new products, NewSpace
revives unresolved legal issues & brings forth new legal challenges
 Legal and regulatory certainty is imperative for enabling
NewSpace as it has been for the expansion of OldSpace.
Some basic facts and trends
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UCS: Satellite Quick Facts
(launches through 31 January 2015)
Total number of operating
satellites: 1,265
US:
528
LEO:
669
Russia
Other:
China: 132
: 131
474
MEO:
94
Elliptical:
37
GEO:
465
Private sector already operates
more satellites than governments
Commercial space sector is expanding rapidly
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Global space economy
grew from $164
billion in 2004 to
$320 billion in 2013.
Signs of a Satellite Internet Gold Rush in Burst of ITU Filings
Peter B. de Selding , (January 23, 2015): http://spacenews.com/signs-of-satellite-internet-gold-rush/
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 Canada: CANPOL-2 up to 72 satellites in different orbits & in
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VHF-, UHF-, X- & Ka-band
Canada: COMSTELLATION, 794 satellites in LEO in Ka-band
France: Thales Group’s MCSat, between 800 & 4,000 satellites in
different orbits & in Ku- & Ka-band
Liechtenstein: 3ECOM-1, 264 satellites using Ku- & Ka-band
Norway: ASK-1, 10 satellites in elliptical orbit in X-, Ku-, Ka-band
Norway: STEAM-1, 4,257 satellites in Ku-band
US: OneWeb to build a 650-satellite constellation
US: SpaceX to build a 4,000-satellite constellation
 “The coordination procedures will be problematic,” one ITU
official said
Significant increase in smallsats (cubesats)
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Euroconsult: Approximately
510 small satellites worth
$7.4bn are planned for
launch in the next five years
(2 March 2015)
Emerging legal and regulatory issues related to:
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a. Shortage of radio frequencies, orbital slots & jamming
b. Expanding space debris, debris mitigation, debris removal
c. Small satellites, licencing, radio frequency allocations
d. Increasing space militarization, space weaponization,
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
commercial satellites for military purposes
New and private space transportation systems and human
space travel (space tourism)
Launch and operation of private space stations
Property rights and licencing for mining of the Moon and
asteroids by private companies
Attracting adequate funding and risk management
Etc. etc.
Increasing Space Treaties, National Laws & Regulations
OECD-The Space Economy at a Glance - Oct 2014
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Still there is a need to do more to fill-in the lacunae, to lower
regulatory barriers, to increase efficiency of regulations, and to
facilitate all space enterprises, especially those that attempt to
join in the NewSpace movement.
Objective of the Conference
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 The objective of the Conference is:
to provide an enabling environment for serious, international
and interdisciplinary deliberations on all relevant aspects of
NewSpace Commercialization and the Law.
 There will be presentations related to the state of the art in
current and future NewSpace activities, and the challenges they
pose in terms of space policy, law and regulation.
 Particularly, it will seek solutions to the unsolved legal issues in
order to facilitate the expansion of NewSpace activities and to
promote a responsible use of space by all stakeholders.
Format of the Conference
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 During the Conference, there will be 6 plenaries and 4 breakout
sessions.
 The final concluding plenary session will be in the form of a
roundtable discussion between the chairs of the previous
sessions. They will present the main points of their respective
sessions.
 There will be about 90 participants attending this Conference.
 There will be about 50 papers presented.
 The presentations will consist of papers selected from the
abstracts received and the remaining are invited papers.
Format of the Conference
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 Speakers are not expected to represent their countries and
employers.
 Selected papers of the highest quality will be published in an edited
book.
 More importantly, the papers from the Conference will be a part of
the input into the “International Study on Global Space
Governance," which is being conducted at the McGill Institute of
Air and Space Law. This study is being coordinated & will be edited
by Dr. Joseph Pelton and me.
 The Conference is a joint venture of 14 institutions from various
countries.
 The Conference is financially supported by the Eric J C Arsenault
Fund at the Faculty of Law.
Finally my sincere thanks to:
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 All the members of the Conference Program Committee;
 All Collaborating Institutions; and
 ICAO for allowing us the use of these excellent facilities.
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Special thanks to:
The Eric J. C. Arsenault Foundation
Prof. Paul Dempsey
Dr. Joseph Pelton
Dr. Jinyuan Su
Ms. Maria D’Amico
Mr. David Kuan-Wei Chen
Dr. Cassandra Steer
AND to all the speakers for their time & effort in preparing their
papers and travelling to Montreal.
 Without you all, this Conference would have not taken place.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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Thank you
SAVE THE DATE FOR:
4th Manfred Lachs International Conference
May 26-28, 2016
IASL, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.