Lessons 1-4
Lesson 1: Minerals
Lesson Objectives
What is a mineral?
 Solids
 Inorganic - not living
 Natural - not made by humans and
found in the ground
 Definite crystal structure - atoms
are arranged in a predictable way
 Definite chemical composition
Formation of Minerals
 Form as magma and lava cools – known as
crystallization
 Form in water as precipitates - an insoluble solid that
separates from a liquid solution
 Can be weathered by physical and chemical methods
 Form by changes in pressure deep beneath Earth's
surface - as the pressure increases, minerals combine
to become new minerals
Properties of a Mineral
Specific Gravity
Streak
Magnetism
Cleavage
Acids
Luster
Gonimeter
Hardness
Properties of a Mineral
Streak
Properties of a Mineral
Cleavage
Properties of a Mineral
Luster
Properties of a Mineral
Gonimeter
Properties of a Mineral
Hardness
Properties of a Mineral
Acids
Properties of a Mineral
Magnetism
Uses of Minerals
 Uranium – fuel for nuclear power plants
 Silver – electronics, jewelry, developing photographs
 Lead – batteries
 Bauxite – aluminum foil, soda cans, airplane parts
 Copper – pipes, wire, other parts of industry
 Gold – jewelry and industry
 Other products that have minerals – lighbulbs, MP3
players, cereal, cell phones, furniture, powders
Distribution of Minerals
1. Go to the “Assessments” tab:
2. Click on the “S1 Rocks and Minerals 01: Minerals”
3. Answer all questions and at the bottom check the box, and finally click
“submit”.
Lesson 2: Rocks and the Rock Cycle
Lesson Objectives
Types of Rocks
 Igneous Rocks – forms when magma cools and
crystallizes
Types of Rocks
 Sedimentary Rocks – forms from the breakdown of
rocks by physical and chemical means then compacts
and cements together
Types of Rocks
 Metamorphic Rocks – forms when rocks and minerals
are subjected to extreme changes in temperature and
pressure
The Rock Cycle
Intrusive or Extrusive
deposition
lithification
Let’s Review
1. Go to the “Assessments” tab:
2. Click on the “S1 Rocks and Minerals 02: Rocks and the Rock Cycle”
For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at:
www.flvsess.com
Lesson 3: Rocks and Minerals as Resources
Lesson Objectives
Similarities and Differences
Mining Rocks and Minerals
 Extract Rocks and Minerals from the Earth
 Valuable – lots of uses in our daily lives
 Mining Techniques
 Consequences (pros and cons)
 Ore
 Reclamation
 Economy
 Environment
 Society
Mining Operations/Techniques
 Depends on the type of rock or mineral being mined
 Most have heavy machinery moved into the area and dig
for the resource
 Panning
 Extraction from Caves
 Dynamite
The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
What else?
Pros
- Environmental Practices put into place
- Build terraces to prevent erosion
- Planting
- Jobs
- Reclamation
Cons
Destruction of Environment
- Trees
- Farmland
- Houses
- Erosion
- Water shortages
Case Studies
Case Studies
Case Studies
1.
Go to the “Discover” tab page 3:
2. Click on the “Lab Report”
3. Complete Lab and
attach to assessment
ATTENTION HONORS
STUDENTS: You have an
additional assessment to
complete
For assessment instruction
help, please visit the student
help site at:
www.flvsess.com
Lesson 4: Soil and Soil Conservation
Lesson Objectives
It’s Time for Vocabulary
 Soil - a thin layer of material on Earth's crust
composed of sediments, gases, moisture, and organic
matter.
 Organic Matter -
It’s Time for Vocabulary
 Soil - a thin layer of material on Earth's crust
composed of sediments, gases, moisture, and organic
matter.
 Organic Matter – decomposing plant and animals
material or DOM (dead organic matter)
 Soil Composition - the types of materials that make up
soil
 Parent Rock - the primary rock type that forms the soil
Soil Horizons
Climate is important in
determining the types
of soils that form
Parent Rock
Soil Type by Color
Soil Type by Grain Size
Soil Type by Texture
Soil Conservation
 Contour Farming
 Worms
 Manure
 Fertilizer
 Till
 Effects of the different
spheres on Erosion
 Wind
 Water
 Gravity
Soil Lab
1. Go to the “Assessments” tab:
2. Click on the “S1 Rocks and Minerals 04: Soil and Soil Conservation”
For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at:
www.flvsess.com