12/13 DSD
Project Presentation
第四組
SD IO Interface World Real Time
Clock / Alarm with C-LCM
SD / SDIO Card
SD Card Introduction

SD Card，全名Security Digital Card，是小型記憶卡
的一種，它被廣泛地於攜帶型裝置上使用，是由日本
松下（Panasonic）公司、東芝（TOSHIBA）公司與
美國San Disk公司共同開發研製的。

SD卡可以看作是由MMC卡衍生出來的。SD卡投影面
積與MMC卡相同，只是略微厚一點，但是SD卡的容
量大得多，且讀寫速度也比MMC卡快 4倍。同時，
SD卡的介面與MMC卡是相容的，支援SD卡的介面大
多支援MMC卡。在2006年，SD卡容量有 8、16、32、
64、128、256、512 MB，或 1、2 、4、6、8 GB。
SD Card Introduction

用戶可以使用一個USB的讀卡器，在個人電腦上使用
SD卡。某些新型電腦上已經內置了讀卡裝置。

最新的發展是SD內建了USB插口，省略了讀卡器。
San Disk的設計是使用一個可摺疊的護套來保護USB
插口。
SD Card Application
SD卡多應用於





MP3隨身聽
數位相機：儲存相片及短片
數位攝影機：儲存相片及短片
個人數位助理（PDA）：儲存各類資料
手機：儲存相片、鈴聲、音樂、短片等資料
SDIO Card Introduction

SDIO，意即Secure Digital Input/Output，所謂
「支援SDIO」的機種，其SD擴充槽除了能使用
SD記憶卡外，也可支援SD介面的輸出入設備，
例如無線網路卡、藍芽卡、GPS接收器、數位相
機卡、FM廣播卡、電視接收器、數據機、指紋辨
識器等。
SDIO Card Introduction

比起使用USB插槽，使用SDIO卡耗電量低，
並且適用於各種行動式的平台。

同樣是數位裝置，支援SDIO的
機種只要插入SDIO擴充卡，就
能增加各種不同的功能，例如
NB搭配無線網卡以及PDA搭配
GPS接收器，就是目前極受使
用者青睞的實用方案。
Technology Explanation

所有SD和SDIO卡都必須支援較老的SPI/MMC模式。
這個模式支援慢速的四線序列介面（時鐘、序列輸入，
序列輸出，晶片選擇），相容於序列終端介面（SPI）
和許多微控制器。

SD卡共支援三種傳輸模式：
- SPI模式（獨立序列輸入和序列輸出），
- 1位元SD模式
（獨立指令和資料通道，獨有的傳輸格式）
- 4位元SD模式
（使用額外的針腳以及某些重新設置的針腳。
支持四位寬的平行傳輸）。
Technology Explanation

大部分數位相機，數位音頻播放器和其他便攜設備僅
能使用MMC模式。有關這一模式的詳細文檔可以從
MMCA購買，價格是500美元。但是部分有關SDIO的
文檔是免費的。有些還可以從存儲卡廠商處獲得。

MMC模式不支持SD卡的加密特性。從免費的文檔裏
也找不到這些細節。但對於大多數消費者來講，這無
關痛癢，用戶制式用來儲存不受保護的數據。
Other MMC / SD Card

SD Card 不是Secure Digital Card Association
（安全數字卡聯盟）批准的唯一一種記憶卡。其他批
准的格式包括miniSD、 microSD（在聯盟未通過標
準前稱為TransFlash）和SDHC。

這些更小的卡加上一個適配器也能用在全尺寸的
MMC/SD/SDIO 插槽上。要知道開發出SD尺寸的輸
入輸出設備標準已經很難了，再想開發更小尺寸的簡
直就不太現實了。
Other MMC / SD Card

SD插槽支持MMC卡，更小尺寸的MMC卡變種也能相
容於支援SD卡的設備。與miniSD 和 microSD不同的
是， RS-MMC 插槽可以相容全尺寸的MMC卡。因為
RS-MMC卡只是縮短了的MMC卡。

因應SD卡的標準容量上限只有4GB，不足以應付日
益上升的容量需求，聯盟制定了新的SDHC標準。
SDHC卡的外型跟普通的SD卡完全相同，而容量的下
限為4GB，預料年內可推出高達32GB的SDHC卡。
Standard

與其它存儲卡格式一樣，SD卡也有眾多的專利和註冊商標保護，
授權只能由安全數字卡聯盟進行。安全數字卡聯盟現在的授權協
議並不允許開放原始碼的SD驅動程序，這種狀況產生了很多關於
開放原始碼和免費軟件的爭論。通行的做法是開發一個開放原始
碼的外殼，但核心是針對特定平臺的封閉原始碼SD驅動程序，這
種做法與期望的開放標準差異太大。另一種通行的做法是採用較
老的MMC模式，因為根據SD卡標準，所有的SD卡都必須支持
MMC模式。

這說明SD卡的開放度比CF卡或閃存低，上述兩種格式幾乎免費，
僅需要使用聯盟標誌和註冊商標的授權費。但比xD卡或記憶棒的
開放度高得多，這兩種格式根本不提供公開文件支援。
Comparison With Other
Memory Card
類型
MMC
RSMMC
MMC
Plus
Secure
MMC
SD
SDIO miniSD
microSD
SD插槽
是
機械適
配器
是
是
是
是
電子-機械
適配器
電子-機械
適配器
針腳
7
7
13
7
9
9
11
8
外形規格
薄
薄/短
薄
薄
厚
厚
窄/短/薄
窄/短/超薄
SPI模式
可選
可選
可選
支持
支持
支持
支持
支持
1位元模式
是
是
是
是
是
是
是
是
4位元模式
否
否
是
?
可選
可選
可選
可選
8位元模式
否
否
是
?
否
否
否
否
支持DRM*
否
否
否
是
是
N/A
是
是
*DRM：數位著作權管理
State Diagram
Card Initialization
SD Memory Card
Functional Description
Command
Command Types

Four kinds of commands defined to control the
SD Memory Card:

Broadcast commands (bc), no response
- The broadcast feature is only if all the CMD lines are connected together in the
host. If they are separated, then each card will accept it separately in its turn.

Broadcast commands with response (bcr) response from all
cards simultaneously
- Since there is no Open Drain mode in SD Memory Card, this type of command
shall be used only if all the CMD lines are separated - the command will be
accepted and responded by every card separately.

Addressed (point-to-point) commands (ac)
no data transfer on DAT

Addressed (point-to-point) data transfer commands
(adtc) data transfer on DAT
Command Types

All commands have a fixed code length
of 48 bits
Command Format


A command always starts with a start bit (always 0),
followed by the bit indicating the direction of transmission
(host = 1).
The next 6 bits indicate the index of the command, this
value being interpreted as a binary coded number
(between 0 and 63). Some commands need an
argument (e.g. an address), which is coded by 32 bits.
Command Format



A value denoted by ‘x’ in the table above indicates this
variable is dependent on the command.
All commands are protected by a CRC
Every command codeword is terminated by the end bit
(always 1). All commands and their arguments are listed
in Table 4-18-Table 4-27.(Reference: SD Spec. p.49)
SD Memory Card
Functional Description
Cyclic Redundancy Code
(CRC)
CRC7

The CRC7 check is used for all commands, for all
responses except type R3, and for the CSD and CID
registers. The CRC7 is a 7-bit value and is computed as
follows:




Generator polynomial: G(x) = x7 + x3 + 1.
M(x) = (first bit) * xn + (second bit) * xn-1 +...+ (last bit) * x0
CRC[6...0] = Remainder [(M(x) * x7)/G(x)]
The first bit is the most left bit of the corresponding bit
string (of the command, response, CID or CSD). The
degree n of the polynomial is the number of CRC
protected bits decreased by one. The number of bits to
be protected is 40 for commands and responses (n = 39),
and 120 for the CSD and CID (n = 119).
CRC7
 CRC7 Examples
The CRC section of the command/response is bolded.
SPI Mode
SPI Mode Transaction Packets
－Command Tokens
Command Format

All the SD Memory Card commands are 6 bytes long. The
command transmission always starts with the left most bit
of the bit string corresponding to the command codeword.
Command Format


All commands are protected by a CRC
The commands and arguments are listed in Table 7-3.
(Reference: SD Spec. p.102)
CMD0
SD Memory commands
and the equivalent SDIO commands
SD Memory
Command
CMD0
SDIO
Command
CMD52 (write to I/O reset in CCCR)
Comment
The reset command (CMD0) is only used for memory or
the memory portion of Combo cards.
In order to reset an I/O only card or the I/O portion of a
combo card, use CMD52 to write a 1 to the RES bit in
the CCCR (bit 3 of register 6).
Note that in the SD mode, CMD0 is only used to indicate
entry into SPI mode and shall be supported.
An I/O only card or the I/O portion of a combo card is
not reset with CMD0
Reset for SDIO(CMD0)
 In order to reset all functions within an SDIO card or
the SDIO portion of a combo card, a method different
than that used for SD memory is defined.
 The reset command (CMD0) is only used for memory
or the memory portion of Combo cards. In order to
reset an I/O only card or the I/O portion of a combo
card, use CMD52 to write a 1 to the RES bit in the
CCCR (bit 3 of register 6).
 Note that in the SD mode, CMD0 is only used to
indicate entry into SPI mode and shall be supported.
An I/O only card or the I/O portion of a combo card is
not reset by CMD0
SPI Mode
SPI Mode Transaction Packets
Command and Argument
(SPI bus commands) (SD Memory Card)
Command Index
CMD0
SPI Mode
Yes
Argument
[31:0] stuff bits
Response
R1
Abbreviation
GO_IDLE_STATE
Command
Description
Resets the SD Memory Card
Example: the content of the command index field is (binary) ‘000000’ for CMD0
CMD 0
Bit position
47
46
[45:40]
[39:8]
[7:1]
0
Width (bits)
1
1
6
32
7
1
Value
‘0’
‘1’
‘000000’
ignore
X
‘1’
Command
index
Stuff bits
CRC7
End bit
Description Start bit Transmission
bit
Format of Response R1

This response token is sent by the card
after every command with the
exception of SEND_STATUS
commands. It is one byte long, and the
MSB is always set to zero. The other
bits are error indications, an error being
signaled by a 1.
Format of Response R1

The structure of the R1 format is given in
Figure 7-9. The meaning of the flags is defined
as following:
Format of Response R1

In idle state:
The card is in idle state and running the initializing process.

Erase reset:
An erase sequence was cleared before executing because an out of
erase sequence command was received.
Format of Response R1

Illegal command:
An illegal command code was detected.

Communication CRC error:
The CRC check of the last command failed.

Erase sequence error:
An error in the sequence of erase commands occurred.
Format of Response R1

Address error:
A misaligned address that did not match the block length was used in the
command.

Parameter error:
The command’s argument (e.g. address, block length) was outside the
allowed range for this card.
SPI Mode Status Bits
(In Idle state)
Identifier
In Idle state
Type
SR
Value
0 = Card is ready
1 = Card is in idle state
Description
Clear Condition
The card enters the idle state after
power up or reset command. It will exit
this state and become ready upon
completion of its initialization
procedures.
A
SPI Mode Status Bits
(Erase reset)
Identifier
Erase reset
Type
SR
Value
’0’= cleared
’1’= set
Description
Clear Condition
An erase sequence was cleared before
executing because an out of erase
sequence command was Received
C
SPI Mode Status Bits
(Illegal command)
Identifier
Illegal command
Type
ER
Value
’0’= no error
’1’= error
Description
Command not legal for the card state
Clear Condition C
SPI Mode Status Bits
(Com CRC error)
Identifier
Com CRC error
Type
ER
Value
’0’= no error
’1’= error
Description
The CRC check of the command
failed.
Clear Condition C
SPI Mode Status Bits
(Erase sequence error)
Identifier
Erase sequence error
Type
ER
Value
’0’= no error
’1’= error
Description
Clear Condition
An error in the sequence of erase
commands occurred.
C
SPI Mode Status Bits
(Address error)
Identifier
Address error
Type
ERX
Value
’0’= no error
’1’= error
Description
Clear Condition
A misaligned address which did not
match the block length was used in the
command.
C
SPI Mode Status Bits
(Parameter error)
Identifier
Parameter error
Type
ERX
Value
’0’= no error
’1’= error
Description
Clear Condition
An error in the parameters of the
command.
C
SPI Mode Status Bits
1) Type:
E: Error bit.
S: State bit.
R: Detected and set for the actual command response.
X: Detected and set during command execution.
The host can get the status by issuing a command
with R1 response.
2) Clear Condition:
A: According to the current state of the card.
C: Clear by read
CMD5
Format of CMD5

The IO_SEND_OP_COND Command contains
the following fields:

S (start bit)
Start bit. Always 0

D (direction)
Direction. Always1 indicates transfer from host to card.

Command Index
Identifies the CMD5 command with a value of 000101b
Format of CMD5

The IO_SEND_OP_COND Command contains
the following fields:

Stuff Bits
Not used, shall be set to 0.

I/O OCR
Operation Conditions Register. The supported minimum and
maximum values for VDD.
Format of CMD5

The IO_SEND_OP_COND Command contains
the following fields:

CRC7
7 bits of CRC data

E (end bit)
End bit, always 1
Value of CMD5
Bit position
47
46
[45:40]
[39:32]
[31:8]
[7:1]
0
Width(bits)
1
1
6
8
24
7
1
Value
‘0’
‘1’
‘000101b’
‘00000000’
‘11111111
10000000
00000000’
X
‘1’
Description
Start
bit
Transmission
bit
Command
index
Stuff bits
I/O OCR
CRC7
End
bit
Value of CMD5
1*: OCR Values for CMD5
I/O OCR bit
Position
VDD Voltage
Window
(in Volts)
15
2.7 – 2.8
16
2.8 – 2.9
17
2.9 – 3.0
19
3.1 – 3.2
18
3.0 – 3.1
20
3.2 – 3.3
21
3.3 – 3.4
22
3.4 – 3.5
23
3.5 – 3.6
The IO_SEND_OP_COND
Response (R4)


An SDIO card receiving CMD5 shall respond
with a SDIO unique response, R4.
The format of R4 for both the SD and SPI
modes is:
The IO_SEND_OP_COND
Response (R4)

The Response, R4 contains the following data:



S (start bit)
Start bit. Always 0
D (direction):
Direction. Always 0.
Indicates transfer from card to host.
Reserved:
Bits reserved for future use.
These bits shall be set to 1.
The IO_SEND_OP_COND
Response (R4)

The Response, R4 contains the following data:



C
Set to 1 if Card is ready to operate after initialization
I/O OCR
Operation Conditions Register. The supported
minimum and maximum values for VDD.
Memory Present
Set to 1 if the card also contains SD memory. Set to
0 if the card is I/O only.
The IO_SEND_OP_COND
Response (R4)

The Response, R4 contains the following data:

Number of I/O Functions
Indicates the total number of I/O functions
supported by this card. The range is 0-7. (Note that
the common area present on all I/O cards at
Function 0 is not included in this count. The I/O
functions shall be implemented sequentially
beginning at function 1.)
The IO_SEND_OP_COND
Response (R4)

Modified R1:
The SPI R1 response byte as described in the SD Physical
Specification modified for I/O as follows:
•
 Stuff Bits: Not used, shall be set to 0.
Value of R4 (SPI Mode)
Bit position
[39:32]
31
[30:28]
27
[26:24]
[23:0]
Width (bits)
8
1
3
1
3
24
Value
*a
‘0?0???0?’
‘1’
‘101’
‘0’
‘000’
‘011111111
100000000
000000’
Description
Modified R1
C
Number of
I/O functions
Memory
present
Stuff bits
I/O OCR
CMD8
Introduction to CMD8

SEND_IF_COND (CMD8) is used to verify
SD Memory Card interface operating
condition. The card checks the validity of
operating condition by analyzing the
argument of CMD8 and the host checks the
validity by analyzing the response of CMD8
(See Chapter 4.3.13).
Send Interface Condition
Command (CMD8)



CMD8 (Send Interface Condition Command) is defined
to initialize SD Memory Cards compliant to the Physical
Specification Version 2.00.
CMD8 is valid when the card is in Idle state.
This command has two functions.
 Voltage check:


Checks whether the card can operate on the host supply
voltage.
Enabling expansion of existing command and
response:

Reviving CMD8 enables to expand new functionality to some
existing commands by redefining previously reserved bits.
Format of CMD8
Application Note: It is recommended to use ‘10101010b’ for the ‘check pattern’.
Basic Command of
SD Memory Card bus
Commands
Command Index
CMD8
Type
bcr
Argument
[31:12]reserved bits
[11:8]supply voltage(VHS)
[7:0]check pattern
Resp
R7
Abbreviation
SEND_IF_COND
Command
Description
Sends SD Memory Card interface condition,
which includes host supply voltage information
and asks the card whether card supports voltage.
Reserved bits shall be set to '0'.
Card Operation for CMD8
in SPI mode
In SPI mode, the card always returns response.
Table 7-5 shows the card operation for CMD8.
Format of Response R7

This response token is sent by the card when a
SEND_IF_COND command (CMD8) is received.
The response length is 5 bytes. The structure of the
first (MSB) byte is identical to response type R1.
The other four bytes contain the card operating
voltage information and echo back of check pattern
in argument and are specified by the same definition
as R7 response in SD mode.
Value of R7 (CMD8)
Bit position
[39:32]
[31:28]
[27:12]
[11:8]
[7:0]
Width (bits)
8
4
16
4
8
Value
’01h’
‘0000’
‘0000h’
‘0001b’
‘10101010b’
Description
R1(assu
me in
idle state)
Command
version
Reserved bits
Voltage
accepted
Check
pattern
CMD52
Format of CMD52
Bit
posit
ion
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Widt
1
h
(bits)
1
6
1
3
1
1
17
1
8
7
1
Valu
e
‘0’
‘1’
‘110100
b’
*a
*e
*b
‘0’
*c
‘0’
*d
x
‘1’
Desc
riptio
n
Sta
rt
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd
index
R/
W
Fla
g
Function
number
RA
W
fla
g
Stu
ff
Registe
r
address
Stu
ff
Write
data or
stuff
bits
CRC
7
En
d
bit
 缺 register address (17 bits)
Value of CMD52

*a:

0 => read data


data address = specified by the Function Number &
the Register Address to the host
1 => write data,

to address = I/O location (by the Function Number) &
the Register Address
Value of CMD52

*b:



1 => then R/W=1, write then read
0 => read then write
*c:

This is the address of the byte of data inside of
the selected function to read or write.
Value of CMD52

*d:

For a direct write command (R/W=1)


this is the byte that is written to the selected address.
For a direct read (R/W=0)

this field is not used and shall be set to 0.
Value of CMD52

*e: (Our definition)
Value
Function
功能
‘001’
Fuction1
設定時間
‘010’
Function2
切換時區
‘011’
Function3
設定鬧鐘
‘100’
Function4
顯示鬧鐘/時間
‘101’
Function5
關掉鬧鐘
Format of R5(CMD52)
Bit position
[15:8]
[7:0]
Width (bits) 8
8
Value
*a ( ‘0?0???00’ )
*b
Description
Modified R1
(in ready state)
R/W Data ( data
been read )
Value of R5(CMD52)

*a :

The SPI R1 response byte as described in the SD
Physical Specification modified for I/O as follows:
Value of R5(CMD52)

R/W=1, RAW=1:


R/W=1, RAW=0:


The value read from the addressed register.
 In this case, the read-back data may not be the same as
the data written to the register, depending on the design of
the hardware.
the data in this field shall be identical to the data byte in the
write command.
R/W=0:

the actual value read from that I/O location is returned in
this field.
Common I/O
Area Structure
Common
I/O Area
Card Common Control Register(CCCR)
allow quick host checking and
(Function
0)
enable/disable interrupt/function
Function Basic
Register(FBR)
Each function has 256
bytes area that allow host
determine the abilities and
requirements of each
function
Card Information Structure (CIS)
Provides more Complete information about
the card and each function
主要有三個Register structure
Support function 0 --
Card Command
Control Register
CCCR Overall Register Map
Address 0X00: SD Revision
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
3~0
Read
only
These 4 bits contain the version
of the CCCR and FBR format
that this card supports.
0000 -- CCCR/FBR Version 1.00
0001 -- CCCR/FBR Version 1.10
0010 -- CCCR/FBR Version 1.20
0011 to 1111 -- Reserved for Future Use
7~4
Read
only
These 4 bits contain the version
of the SDIO Specification that
this card supports.
0000 SDIO Specification Version 1.00
0001 SDIO Specification Version 1.10
0010 SDIO Specification Version 1.20
(unreleased)
0011 SDIO Specification Version 2.00
0100-1111 Reserved for Future Use
Address 0X01:
SD Specification Revision
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
3~0
Read
only
These 4 bits contain the version
of the SD Physical Specification
that this card supports.
0000 SD Physical Specification Version
1.01 (March 2000)
0001 SD Physical Specification Version
1.10 (October 2004)
0010 SD Physical Specification Version
2.00 (May 2006)
0011-1111 Reserved for Future Use
7~4
Reserved for Future Use
Address 0X02: I/O Enable
Bit
R/W
0
7~1
Represent
Value
Reserved for Future Use
R/W
The completion of initialization is
indicated in IORx. On power up
or after a reset, the card shall
reset this bit to 0. The host can
also use IOEx as a per function
reset for error recovery. The host
sequence for a per function
reset is to reset IOEx to 0, wait
until IORx becomes 0 and then
set IOEx to 1 again.
If the bit is reset to 0, the function is
disabled. If the bit is set to 1, the
function is enabled to start its
initialization.
Address 0X03: I/O Ready
Bit
R/W
0
7~1
Represent
Value
Reserved for Future Use
Read
only
(Supplement) The functions shall
set this bit to 1 within the timeout
value defined in the
TPLFE_ENABLE_TIMEOUT_VAL
tuple. On power up or after a reset,
this bit shall be set to 0. For any
function that is not implemented
on an SDIO card, this bit shall
always be 0
If this bit is reset to 0, the function is not
ready to operate.
If this bit is set to 1, the function is ready
to
operate.
Address 0X04: Interrupt
Enable
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
0
R/W
Interrupt Enable Master.
If this bit is cleared to 0, no interrupts
from this card shall be sent to the host.
If this bit is set to 1, then any function’s
interrupt shall be sent to the host
7~1
R/W
Interrupt Enable for function(1-7)
If the bit is cleared to 0, any interrupt
from this function shall not be sent to the
host.
If this bit is set to 1, then this function’s
interrupt shall be sent to the host if the
master Interrupt Enable (bit 0) is also set
to 1.
Address 0X05: Interrupt
Pending
Bit
R/W
0
7~1
Represent
Value
Reserved for Future Use
Read
Only
Interrupt Pending for function (1-7) If this bit is cleared to 0, this indicates
Note that if the IENx or IENM bits that no
are not set, the host cannot
interrupts are pending from this function.
receive this pending interrupt.
If this bit is set to 1, then this function
has
interrupt pending.
Address 0X06: I/O Abort
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
2~0
Write
only
Abort Select In order to abort an
I/O read or write and free the SD
bus.
(Note) the function that is currently
transferring data must be
addressed.
These 3 bits define which function’s
transfer to stop.
(Example) the abort the transfer to
function number 3, the value of 0x03
would be written to these bits using
CMD52 only.
If the abort is addressed to a
suspended function, it does not affect
current data transaction.
3
Write
only
I/O CARD RESET
Setting the RES to 1 shall cause all I/O
functions in an SDIO or Combo card to
perform a soft reset.
7~4
Reserved for Future Use
Address 0X07: Bus Interface
Bit
R/W
Represent
1~0
R/W
Defines the data bus width to be ’00’=1-bit or’10’=4-bit bus
used for data transfer. All FullSpeed SDIO cards support both
1 and 4-bit bus.
4~2
Value
Reserved for Future Use
5
R/W
Enable Continuous SPI Interrupt. “1”, then this R/W bit is used to allow the
SDIO card to assert the interrupt line in
the SPI mode at any time.
This bit is cleared to “0” on reset or powerup.
6
Read
only
Support Continuous SPI
interrupt.
“1” to indicate that this SDIO card
supports the assertion of interrupts in the
SPI mode at any time.
“0” , then this SDIO card can only assert
the interrupt line in the SPI mode when the
CS line is asserted
7
R/W
CD Disable
Connect[0]/Disconnect[1] the 10K-90K
Address 0X08:
Card Capability (2 of 2)
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
4
Read
only
Supports interrupt between blocks
of data in 4-bit SD mode. This flag
bit reports the SDIO card’s ability
to generate interrupts during a 4bit multi-block data transfer
If this bit is 0, then the SDIO card is not
able to signal an interrupt during a multiblock
data transfer in 4-bit mode
If this bit is 1, then the SDIO card is able
to signal an interrupt between blocks
while data transfer is in progress.
5
R/W
Enable interrupt between blocks of
data in 4-bit SD mode. Enable the
multi-block IRQ during 4-bit
transfer for the SDIO card.
0, the card shall not signal interrupts
during a 4-bit multi-block data transfer
1, the card shall generate interrupts
during 4 bit multi-block data transfers
6
Read
only
Card is a Low-Speed card or not
1 – low-speed card
0 – full-speed card
7
Read
only
4-bit support for Low-Speed cards
1 – LSC = 1 & supports 4-bit data
transfer
0 – otherwise
Address 0X08: Card Capability
(1 of 2)
Bit
R/W
Represent
0
Read
only
Card Supports Direct Commands
during data transfer. This bit
applies only to the SD modes, it
does not apply to SPI mode.
1
Read
only
ICard Supports Multi-Block. This
flag bit reports the SDIO card’s
ability to execute the
IO_RW_EXTENDED command
(CMD53) in the block mode.
2
Read
only
Card Supports Read Wait. This
bit applies only to the SD
modes, it does not apply to SPI
mode
3
Read
only
Card supports Suspend/Resume.
This bit applies only to the SD
modes, it does not apply to SPI
Value
If this bit is set, all I/O functions (0-7)
shall accept and execute CMD53 with
the optional block mode bit set.
Address 0X09 ~ 0X0B: Common CIS
Pointer
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
7~0
Read
only
This 3-byte pointer points to the
start of the card’s common CIS.
A card common CIS is mandatory
for all SDIO cards. This pointer is
stored in little-endian format (LSB
first).
The common CIS contains information
relation to the entire card. The card
common CIS shall be located within the
CIS space of function 0 (0x0010000x017FFF)
Address 0X0C: Bus Suspend
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
0
Read
only
Bus status
1, then the currently addressed function
is currently executing a command which
transfers data on the DAT[x] line(s).
0, then the addressed function
is not using the data bus.
1
R/W
Bus Release Request/Status
1, the addressed function shall
temporarily halt data transfer on the
DAT[x] lines and
suspend the command that is in process.
7~2
Reserved for future use
Address 0X0D: Function Select
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
3~0
R/W
Select Function bits 3:0
0000 : Transaction of function 0 (CIA)
0001-0111: Transaction to functions 1-7
1000: Transaction of memory in combo
card
1001-1111: Not defined, reserved for
future use
6~4
7
Reserved for future use
Read
only
Resume Data Flag
If DF is set to 1, then there is more data
to transfer that will begin after the
function or memory in resumed.
If DF=0, the function or memory was
suspended at end of data transfer
(during busy)
Address 0X0E: Exec Flags
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
7~0
Read
only
Execution Flag. These bits are
used by the host to determine the
current execution status of all
functions (1-7) and memory (0).
The bit is set to 1 for each function or
memory that is currently executing a
command. These bits are only defined if
SBS=1
If SBS=0 these bits shall be read as
zero.
Address 0X0F: Ready Flags
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
7~0
Read
only
Ready Flag bits.
These bits tell the host the read
or write busy status for
functions (1-7) and memory (0).
If the RFx bit is set to 1, then the
function/memory can accept write data.
if the RFx bit is cleared to 0, it indicates
that read data is NOT available.
Address 0X10 ~ 0X11: Function 0
block size
Bit
R/W
10[7..0] R/W
11[7..0]
Represent
Value
This 16-bit register sets the
block size for I/O block
operations for Function 0 only.
The maximum block size is 2048 (0x0800)
and the minimum is 1.
Address 0X12: Power Control
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
0
Read
only
Support Master Power
Control
These bits tell the host if the
card supports Master Power
Control
0 : The total card current is less than
200mA
1 :The total card current may exceed
200mA.
1
R/W
Enable Master Power
Control
0(default): The total card current shall be
less than 200mA.
1: The total card current may exceed
200mA and SPS and EPS are available
7~2
Reserved for Future Use
Address 0X13: High-Speed
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
0
Read
only
Support High-Speed
0: The card does not support High-Speed
mode
1: The card supports High-Speed mode.
1
R/W
Enable High-Speed
0 (default): The card operates in default
timing mode with a clock rate up to 25MHz.
1 : High-Speed Mode
7~2
Reserved for Future Use
Address 0X14 ~ 0XEF: RFU
Address 0XF0~ 0XFF: Reserved for
Vendors
These 16 registers are reserved for the maker of the I/O card to be used for any
operations that are defined by and specific to any vendor unique operation.
Common I/O
Area Structure
Common
I/O Area
Card Common Control Register(CCCR)
allow quick host checking and
(Function
0)
enable/disable interrupt/function
Function Basic
Register(FBR)
Each function has 256
bytes area that allow host
determine the abilities and
requirements of each
function
Card Information Structure (CIS)
Provides more Complete information about
the card and each function
主要有三個Register structure
Support function 0 --
Function Basic
Register (FBR)
Function 1-7 Register Mapping
FBR (Function 1-7)
Function 1-7 有著相同的Structure, 在此舉其中Function1 作為例子
Function 1:
0X100 to OX1FF
共256 bytes
Function 2-7 Address = 0X(2..7)00
Function 1: Address 0X100
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
3~0
Read
only
SDIO Function Interface code
顯示此Function 有Support的I/O
Interface
0000: No supported function
0001: Support Standard
UART
0010: Type-A Bluetooth
0011: Type-B Bluetooth
0100: Support GPS
0101: Support Camera
0110: Support PHS
0111: Support WLAN
1000: Embedded SDIO-ATA
1111: Support other interface(Specified in 0x101)
4&5
RFU
6
Read
Only
Whether this function support
Code Storage Area(CSA)
1: Yes
0: No
7
R/W
Enable function CSA
1: Enable
0: Disable (R/W CSA will be
blocked)(initial value)
Function 2-7 Address = 0X(2..7)01
Function 1: Address 0X101
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
7~0
Read
only
Extended SDIO Function
Interface code
當address 0X100的[3..0]為1111，
則此8 bits 有意義
Undefined, if 0X100[3..0] != 1111 => 預
設為00000000
Function 2-7 Address = 0X(2..7)02
Function 1: Address 0X102
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
0
Read
only
Support Power
Selection(SPS)
0: no power selection (EPS=0)
1: has 2 power mode that could be selected
by EPS
1
R/W
Enable Power
Selection(EPS)
0(Default) : Higher Current Mode(Maximum
current = TPLFE_HP_MAX_PWR_3.3V)
1: Lower Current Mode(Maximum current =
TPLFE_LP_MAX_PWR_3.3V)
7~2
RFU
Function 2-7 Address = 0X(2..7)03 – 0X(2..7)08
Function 1:
Address 0X103-0X108
Bit
7~0
R/W
Represent
RFU
Value
Function 2-7 Address = 0X(2..7)09 – 0X(2..7)0B
Function 1:
Address 0X109-0X10B
Bit
R/W
Represent
0X10B[7..
0]
+
0X10A[7..
0]
+
0X109[7..
0]
共24bits
Read Address pointer to function CIS
Only (只有最後17bits有作用,其中0X10B[7..1] always zero)
1. CIS為每個Function皆有的Structure
2. Store in liitle-endian format(LSB first)
3. If the card doesn’t support CIS, then pointer value =
End of Chain tuple
Value
Address to CIS
Function 2-7 Address = 0X(2..7)0C – 0X(2..7)0E
Function 1:
Address 0X10C-0X10E
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
0X10E[7..
0]
+
0X10D[7..
0]
+
0X10C[7..
0]
共24bits
R/W
Address pointer to function CSA
1. After any R/W to CSA access window, this pointer
will be increased 1 automatically
2. If this function does not support CSA(0x100 bit 6 =
0),
then this 24 bits shall read as 0X000000
3. . Store in liitle-endian format(LSB first)
Address to CSA
Function 2-7 Address = 0X(2..7)0F
Function 1: Address 0X10F
Bit
R/W
Represent
Value
7~0
R/W
Data access window to CSA
Any R/W to this address when CSA is
enable
,shall pass data to/from the address by
CSA address pointer(0X10C~0X10E)
When 0x100[7] = 1
Contain data written to
CSA imminently
When 0X100[7] = 0
=>Always 00000000
Function 2-7 Address = 0X(2..7)10 ~ 0X(2..7)11
Function 1:
Address 0X110-0X111
Bit
R/W
0X111[7..0] R/W
+
0X110[7..
0]
共16 bits
Represent
Value
Function 1 I/O Block
SIZE
1. Before use it, user
should set appropriate
value
2. Store in little-endian
format
Maximum Value is 2048(0X0800)
Minimum Value is 1 (0X0001)
Initial value = 0X0000
When the card doesn’t support I/O
operation
Read only and always 0X0000
Function 2-7 Address = 0X(2..7)12 ~ 0X(2..7)FF
Function 1:
Address 0X112-0X1FF
Bit
0X112 –
0X1FF
R/W
Represent
RFU
Value
Common I/O Area(Function
Card Common Control Register(CCCR)
allow quick host checking and
0)
enable/disable interrupt/function
Function Basic
Register(FBR)
Each function has 256
bytes area that allow host
determine the abilities and
requirements of each
function
Card Information Structure (CIS)
Provides more Complete information about
the card and each function
主要有三個Register structure
Support function 0 --
Function 用法
Function 1

Function 1 : 設定時間

Address
0x0000
0x0001
0x0002
0x0003
0x0004
0x0005
0x0006
reset_rtc
TH
H
TM
M
TS
S
Function 2

Function 2 :切換時區

Address
0x0000 change_city
0x0001 city0
0x0002 city1
Function 3

Function 3 :設定鬧鐘

Address
0x0000
0x0001
0x0002
0x0003
0x0004
0x0005
0x0006
set_alarm
TH
H
TM
M
TS
S
Function 4 & 5

Function 4 :顯示鬧鐘時間

Address
0x0000 show_sel

Function 5 :取消在響的鬧鐘

Address
0x0000 cancel_pending
0x0001 alarm_pending
Data Trasmission Method
這是我們所有有用到的傳輸方式
Operation Between Command
read_ command
讀command 是每8bit讀一次的
CMD0
Bit position
47
46
[45:40]
[39:8]
[7:1]
0
Description
Start bit
Transmis
sion bit
Command index
Stuff bits
CRC7
End bit
R1 (CMD0)
Bit position
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Description
MSB
Parameter
error
Address
error
Erase
sequen
ce error
Com
crc
error
Illegal
comman
d
Erase
reset(by
cmd8)
In idle
state
CMD8
Bit position
47
46
[45:40]
[39:20]
[19:16]
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Description
Start
bit
Transmi
ssion bit
Command
index
Reserved
bits
Voltage
supplied(V
HS) (2.73.6V)
Check
pattern
CRC
7
End
bit
R7 (CMD8)
Bit position
[39:32]
[31:28]
[27:12]
[11:8]
[7:0]
Description
R1(assum
e in idle
state)
Command
version
Reserved bits
Voltage accepted
Check pattern
CMD5(1)
Bit position
47
46
[45:40]
[39:32]
[31:8]
[7:1]
0
Description
Start bit
Transmission
bit
Command
index
Stuff bits
I/O OCR
CRC7
End
bit
R4 (CMD5(1))
Bit position
[39:32]
31
[30:28]
27
[26:24]
[23:0]
Description
Modified R1
C
Number of I/O
functions
Memory
present
Stuff bits
I/O OCR
CMD5(2)
Bit position
47
46
[45:40]
[39:32]
[31:8]
[7:1]
0
Description
Start bit
Transmission
bit
Command
index
Stuff bits
I/O OCR
CRC7
End
bit
R4 (CMD5(2))
Bit position
[39:32]
31
[30:28]
27
[26:24]
[23:0]
Description
Modified R1
C
Number of I/O
functions
Memory
present
Stuff bits
I/O OCR
illegal command
Bit position
47
46
[45:40]
[39:32]
[31:8]
[7:1]
0
Description
Start bit
Transmission
bit
Command
index
Stuff bits
I/O OCR
CRC7
End
bit
illegal command
address error
Bit
position
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descripti
on
Star
t bit
Direct
ion
Command
index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
RA
W
flag
Stuff
Register
address
Stuff
Write data
or stuff bits
CRC7
End
bit
address error
SDIO Card
Implementation
RTC
Real Time Clock
(RTC)
Main Functionality


由輸入的clock隨時計算現在的時間
設定時間之後，讀進控制元件的時間資料，輸
出每一秒的正確時間
rtc_in[19:0]
reset
Frequency
Divider
clk_50KHz
Clock
rtc_out[19:0]
clk_1Hz
Clock
rtc_in[19:0]
reset
Frequency
Divider
clk_50KHz
Clock
rtc_out[19:0]
clk_1Hz
Clock
rtc_in[19:0]
reset
Frequency
Divider
clk_50KHz
Clock
rtc_out[19:0]
clk_1Hz
• RTC register 記住TH, H, TM, M, TS, S
的資訊
• 做進位判斷
TH H
TM M
TS S
[01] [1001] [101] [1000] [011] [0000] →19:58:30
19 17
13 10
6
3 0
Frequency Divider
Clock
rtc_in[19:0]
reset
Frequency
Divider
clk_50KHz
Clock
rtc_out[19:0]
clk_1Hz
Frequency Divider
rtc_in[19:0]
reset
Frequency
Divider
clk_50KHz
Clock
rtc_out[19:0]
clk_1Hz
• 將input clock除頻成1Hz
Frequency Divider
rtc_in[19:0]
reset
Frequency
Divider
clk_50KHz
Clock
rtc_out[19:0]
clk_1Hz
• 在reset的時候，重新計算1Hz的計數器
RESET
23:59:59
00:00:00
00:00:01
alarm
Alarm
Design idea

Input：
1. rtc_data
(現在時間)
2. alarm_data
(鬧鐘設定時間)
3. control
Control(0) => rtc_enable
Control(1) => set
Control(2) => cancel
Design idea

Output：
1. alarm_pending
(“1”表示鬧鈴在響；”0”表示鬧鈴沒有在響)
2. alarm_data_o
(把接收到的鬧鐘設定時間送出去)
Main Functionality

這個architecture最主要就是判斷線在鬧鈴是否在響。
。不使用鬧鐘功能（set = 0）=> 不會響。
。rtc沒有在工作（rtc_enable = 0）=>不會響。
。取消鬧鈴鍵是被按下的（cancel = 1）=>不會響。
。set = 1，rtc_enable = 1, cancel = 0
=> 若現在時間和鬧鐘設定的時間相同=>開始響。
=> set變成0，rtc_enable變成0，
cancel變成1 => 停止。
State Diagram of Alarm


At pending
1) [match = 1 or 0，set = 1，rtc_enable = 1，cancel = 0] => pending
2) other situation => not_pending
At not_pending
1) [match = 1 ，set = 1，rtc_enable = 1，cancel = 0] => pending
2) other situation => not_pending
Testbench of Alarm

當現在時間和鬧鐘設定時間一樣時，
control各種情況的simulation
cancel
Set
Rtc_enable
Testbench of Alarm

在60ns時，現在時間和鬧鐘設定時間變不同，但是沒有取消，所以鬧鈴
繼續響。在70ns時，取消鈕被按下(control[2]變成1)，所以鬧鈴停止。
cancel
Set
Rtc_enable
change
change
切換時區
Main Functionality

提供切換時區的功能，將RTC和alarm output
的時間做時區處理

將經過時區處理的time data加上欲顯示的時區
代碼後傳送給LCD
Design Idea

先挑選出一定數量的時區代表城市作為對換資
料，判斷現在時間的城市時區，與要變換的城
市時區做比較，將其作時差的加減對應而換算
到新城市的時間

留意進位、退位和前後天(如超過24小時)的時
間換算顯示
Flow of Change City
Input
time data
Reset time
reset
New time data
no reset
Change city
change
New city time data
no change
Original city time data
Testbench of Change City

Input time data：UTC+4 Baku 7:49:38

Case 1：change to UTC-4:30 Venezuela
Output time data1： 23:19:38
----時區大換時區小(+ 24小時制變換)
Case 2：change to UTC+12:45 Chathamlsl
Output time data2： 16:34:38
----時區小換時區大(+ 時、分的進退位)

Reset：city0  20 010100 UTC+4 Baku
Output:
City
TH
H
TM
M
TS
S
[010100][000000] [00] [0111] [100] [1001] [011] [1000]
31
25
19 17
13 10
6
3 0
Reset 32’b0
Case 1：UTC+4 Baku  UTC-4:30 Venezuela
7：49：38  23：19：38
Output： city1
TH
H
TM
M
TS
S
[001001] [000000] [10] [0011] [001] [1001] [011] [1000]
31
25
19 17
13
10
6
3 0
New hour
New minute
Case 2：UTC+4 Baku  UTC-4:30 Chathamlsl
7：49：38  16：34：38
Output： city1
TH
H
TM
M
TS
S
[100101] [000000] [01] [0110] [011] [0100] [011] [1000]
31
25
19 17
13
10
6
3 0
New hour
New minute
Testbench of
SDIO Card
(在此以80 us當成1 sec測試SDIO card)
City0：001000
in_data_rtc
[01] [1001] [101] [1000] [011] [0000] 19 : 58 : 30
in_data_alarm [01] [1001] [101] [1000] [100] [0000] 19 : 58 : 40
Reset
19：58：30
Set alarm
19：58：31
Case 1：
001000 UTC-5 New York  000011 UTC-9:30 POM
19：58：32  15：28：32
15：28：32
Change
Unchange
15：28：33
19：58：34
19：58：35
Case 2：
001000 UTC-5 New York  000000 UTC+8 Taiwan
(dedault)
19：58：36  08：58：36
08：58：36
Change
Unchange
08：58：37
19：58：38
19：58：39
in_data_alarm [01] [1001] [101] [1000] [100] [0000] 19 : 58 : 40
R_data_out
[01] [1001] [101] [1000] [100] [0000] 19 : 58 : 40
→ alarm pending
show alarm alarm
19：58：40
19：58：40
Change city + show alarm time：
001000 UTC-5 New York
 000000 UTC+8 Taiwan (dedault)
19：58：40  08：58：40
Change city
Show alarm time
08：58：40
Cancel pending
Rtc time ： 19：58：43
show rtc time
19：58：43
在連接上 Host
或
Host reset SDIO card 之前
<sol> 加入內部軟體的reset模擬
在連接上host或host reset之前 RTC仍可以照常運作
reset
00:00:00
00:00:01
00:00:02
19:58:30
19:58:31
LCD
TESTBENCH
All Project
Function List
起始時間(ms)
功能
內容
0
wait
Wait for starting!
4.2
初始化
CMD0→CMD8 →CMD5 →CMD5
13.16
設定時間
CMD52(TH=1) → CMD52(H=9) → CMD52(TM=5) →
CMD52(M=8) → CMD52(TS=3) → CMD52(S=0) →
CMD52(reset_rtc=1)
26.6
設定鬧鐘
CMD52(TH=1) → CMD52(H=9) → CMD52(TM=5) →
CMD52(M=8) → CMD52(TS=3) → CMD52(S=2) →
CMD52(set_alarm=1)
40.04
顯示鬧鐘
CMD52(show_sel=1)
41.96
等待鬧鐘響
Waiting!
1042.44
顯示時鐘
CMD52(show_sel=0)
2042.76
關掉鬧鐘
CMD52(cancel_pending=1)
2046.6
切換時區
CMD52(city=Paris) → CMD52(change_city=1)
3042.76
關掉鬧鐘
CMD52(cancel_pending=1)
TESTBENCH
RESET_RTC
CMD52(TH=1)
Bit
position
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descrip
tion
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd
index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stu
ff
Register
address
Stu
ff
Write
data or
stuff
bits
CRC
7
E
n
d
bit
CMD52(TH=1)
R5(CMD52)
Bit position
[15:8]
[7:0]
Description
Modified R1
(in ready state)
R/W Data ( data
been read )
CMD52(H=9)
Bit
position
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descrip
tion
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd
index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stu
ff
Register
address
Stu
ff
Write
data or
stuff
bits
CRC
7
E
n
d
bit
CMD52(H=9)
CMD52(TM=5)
Bit
position
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descrip
tion
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd
index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stu
ff
Register
address
Stu
ff
Write
data or
stuff
bits
CRC
7
E
n
d
bit
CMD52(TM=5)
CMD52(M=8)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd
index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stu
ff
Register
address
Stu
ff
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
n
d
bit
CMD52(M=8)
CMD52(TS=3)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd
index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stu
ff
Register
address
Stu
ff
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
n
d
bit
CMD52(TS=3)
CMD52(S=0)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd
index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stu
ff
Register
address
Stu
ff
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
n
d
bit
CMD52
(reset_rtc=1)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd
index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stu
ff
Register
address
Stu
ff
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52
(reset_rtc=1)
TESTBENCH
設定鬧鐘
CMD52(TH=1)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52(TH=1)
CMD52(H=9)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52(H=9)
CMD52(TM=5)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52(TM=5)
CMD52(M=8)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52(M=8)
CMD52(TS=3)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52(TS=3)
CMD52(S=2)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52(S=2)
CMD52
(set_alarm=1)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52
(set_alarm=1)
Set Alarm
TESTBENCH
顯示鬧鐘
CMD52
(show_sel=1)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52
(show_sel=1)
Show Alarm
TESTBENCH
顯示時鐘
CMD52
(show_sel=0)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52
(show_sel=0)
Show Clock
TESTBENCH
關掉鬧鐘
ringing
Match!
CMD52(cancel_
pending=1)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52(cancel_
pending=1)
Stop alarm
Stop ringing
TESTBENCH
CHANGE_CITY
CMD52
(city=Paris)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52
(city=Paris)
CMD52
(change_city=1)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC
7
E
nd
bit
CMD52
(change_city=1)
TESTBENCH
關掉鬧鐘
CMD52(cancel_
pending=0)
Bit
positio
n
47
46
[45:40]
39
[38:36]
35
34
[33:17]
16
[15:8]
[7:1]
0
Descri
ption
Start
bit
Dir
ecti
on
Comma
nd index
R/W
Flag
Function
number
R
A
W
fla
g
Stuf
f
Register
address
Stuf
f
Write
data or
stuff bits
CRC7
E
nd
bit
CMD52(cancel_
pending=0)
Project Finish
LCD
SDIO Card
Time Display
Command Response
1. Initialization
2. Data Transfer
(Support 4 I/O Function)
- 設定時間
- 設定鬧鐘
- 取消鬧鐘
- 切換時區
Thank
You!