Period of Time:
Location:
Name of Kingdom(s):
Type of Government:
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1)
2)
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate:
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts:
Period of Time: Ancient River Civilizations (ARCs) (3000 BCE – 1000 BCE)
Location: Middle East and North Africa
Name of Kingdom(s): Egypt – Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom
Type of Government: Monarchy (Pharaoh)
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1) Menes – unifies Upper and Lower Nile (c. 3100 BCE)
2)Ramsses II – Egypt’s “Golden Age” (c. 1300 BCE – 1200 BCE)
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Polytheism – Amon-Ra (Sun), Osiris (Death), etc.
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments: Djoser (c.2600 BCE) – first Pharaoh
considered divine
Minority Groups and their treatment: Conquered groups – Nubians (South), “Israelites”
etc. made slaves
Women’s Rights: Progressive for ARCs and Classical Civilizations, Divorce, Inheritance of
Property, May live on their own, etc.
1 Famous Woman: Nefretiti – wife of Ahkenaten – helped create temporary “monotheism”
Important Inventions /Technological Advancements: Pyramids, Obelisks, Temples,
Canals, Use of Nile for extra food
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1) Imhotep – architect for Djoser – first pyramid attempts
2) Moses – mythical Jewish prophet who frees Israelites from slavery
Miscellaneous Facts: “Breadbasket of the Ancient World”, Most complex Social Structure
and largest # of Specialists
Period of Time: Ancient River Civilizations (ARCs) (3000 BCE – 1000 BCE)
Location: Middle East and North Africa
Name of Kingdom(s): Mesopotamia – Akkadia, Amorites, Ur, Babylonia
Type of Government: City-States Monarchy
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1) Sargon of Akkadia – (c.2300 BCE) – unifies Sumer (Southern Mesopotamia)
2) Hammurabi- (c.1750 BCE) – 1st Law Code written – Very Strict “An Eye for an Eye”, different
for different Social Classes
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Polytheism – ex: Ishtar and Marduk, etc.
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Minority Groups and their treatment: Conquered city-states, incorporated in growing
kingdoms but sometimes enslaved
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements: Many “First” inventions that get Culturally
Diffused to Egypt and India, Agricultural inventions, Cuneiform Writing, Ziggurats, etc.
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts: First “Civilizations” whose ideas/inventions culturally diffuse to Egypt
and India
Period of Time: Ancient River Civilizations ARCs (3000 BCE – 1000 BCE)
Location: South Asia / India
Name of Kingdom(s): Harappan Civilization (c.2500 – 1900 BCE) – Indus River Valley
Early Aryan Conquest – (c. 1500 BCE – 500 BCE) – Indus and Ganges Rivers – Traditional
“Indian” culture
Type of Government: First City-States – Harappa and Mohenjo Daro, small Aryan regional
kingdoms
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1)
2)
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Aryans – Hinduism (more localized)
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments: Krishna – human embodiment of God
Vishnu who is the major character in the Bhagavad Gita
Minority Groups and their treatment: N/A
Women’s Rights: Women regulated to the household in strong gender roles enforced
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements: Harappan Civs had Running water
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts: Harappan Civilization “disappears” probably because of Environmental
changes.
Aryan conquest and effects are completed by 500 BCE
Period of Time: Ancient River Civilizations (ARCs) (3000 BCE – 1000 BCE)
Location: China – First Yellow River then the Yangtze River
Name of Kingdom(s): Shang Dynasty (c. 1700 BCE – 1026 BCE)
Type of Government: loose city-states
2 Rulers and their accomplishments: N/A
1)
2)
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Shang Ti – polytheism with human sacrifice
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments: N/A
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights: strong gender roles with women in the household
1 Famous Woman: N/A
Important Inventions /Technological Advancements: Early Chinese writing, Bronze Age
and Pottery
2 Famous Non-ruling figures: N/A
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts: A “Dynasty” in name only. The Shang Dynasty was weak, disunited
politically, and had minimal effect on modern Chinese Culture
Period of Time: Classical Empires (1000 BCE – 600 CE)
Location: Middle East (Mesopotamian area) and North Africa (Egypt area)
Name of Kingdom(s): Assyria / Babylonia / Egypt – Early Empires before 500 BCE
Persia – largest “ancient” Empire, Hellenistic Region – Alexander the Great, Roman Empire
Type of Government: Monarchy / Emperor
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1) Cyrus the Great – (Persia) 2) Ptolemy – (Hellenistic Egypt) Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Polytheistic, Zoroastrianism (Persian Empire),
Christianity (after 330 CE)
Religious figure and their accomplishments:
1) Jesus – divine figure in Christianity who lives around the year “0” (Gregorian Calendar –
promoted by Pope Gregory)
2) Zarathrustra – founder of Zoroastrianism
Minority Groups and their treatment: various at different times – ex: Jews, early
Christians, often left alone by rulers but sometimes persecuted or scapegoated
Women’s Rights: set gender roles, usually women regulated to staying in the home (Greek
influence)
1 Famous Woman: Cleopatra – (Egyptian Pharaoh) – lover to Julius Caesar and Marc Antony
Inventions /Technological Advancements
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1) Archimedes – mathematician
2) Galen – anatomy and medicine
Miscellaneous Facts: The connection of the Middle East and the Mediterranean region will
lead to the long term influence of Greece (Hellenistic culture) and Rome that originate in
Southern Europe
Period of Time: Classical Empires (1000 BCE – 600 CE)
Location: South Asia / India
Name of Kingdom(s): Aryan Conquest (until 500 BCE), Mauryan Empire (c. 300 - 200 BCE),
Regional Kingdoms (c. 200 BCE - 300 CE), Gupta Empire (c. 300 CE – 450 CE)
Type of Government: Monarchy – small kingdoms
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1) Chandragupta Maurya – creator of Mauryan Dynasty
2) Asoka – height of Mauryan Empire, becomes Buddhism, Asoka’s Edicts on “Steles”
3) Chandra Gupta – creator of the Guptan Empire
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Hinduism, briefly Buddhism and the minority religion
of Jainism occurs, return to Hinduism
Religious figures and their accomplishments: Shri Mahaviran (c. 600 BCE) – creator of
“Jainism”
Siddhartha Gautama – “The Buddha” – achieves “Nirvana” and founder of Buddhism
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements: The number “0” being represented
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1) Kautilya (Chanakya) – political thinker and advisor to Chandragupta Maurya
2)
Miscellaneous Facts: Difficult to politically unify, Asoka comes the closest. Great
engineering and medical advances especially in the “Golden Age” of the Guptan Empire
Period of Time: Classical Empires (1000 BCE – 600 CE)
Location: China
Name of Kingdom(s): Zhou Dynasty (c. 1026 BCE – 400s BCE) – loose city-states, ARC
qualities
Era of Warring States (c. 400s-250 BCE) – Chaotic time, warring kingdom
Qin Dynasty – strict laws and Legalism creates unified China
Han Dynasty (Early and Late) – (206 BCE – 220 CE)
Type of Government: Monarchy / Emperor
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1) Shi Huangdi – (Qin) 2) Wudi – (Han) Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Confucianism – 5 Relationships – starts to dominate
during Han, Taoism – Nature and Balance with the “Life Force”
Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Confucius –
Lao Tsu -
Minority Groups and their treatment: Conquered peoples usually
incorporated/assimilated into dominant “Han” culture
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements: Chinese writing standardized, Great Wall built,
Silk Road begins
Famous Non-ruling figures:
1) Han Fei Zi Miscellaneous Facts: By later Classical Period (after 250 BCE), China is unified, and thanks to
its geography is one of the most stable areas in the world for the next 2000 years
Period of Time: Classical Empires (1000 BCE – 600 CE)
Location: Europe
Name of Kingdom(s): Greek Athenian Golden Age – Democracy, Philosophy,
Tragedies/Dramas/Comedies, History – and other classical developments occur
Hellenistic Age – combines Greek and local culture in Alexander the Great’s short lived empire
Roman Republic – Punic Wars vs Carthage
Roman Empire – Pax Romana
Type of Government: Various – mostly monarchies/emperors, Classical Athens – Direct
Democracy, Roman Republic – Patricians choose Senators/Consuls
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1) Pericles 2) Alexander the Great –
3) Octavian (Augustus) Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Polytheism – Greek/Roman Mythology
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments: Constantine the Great -
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights: strict Gender roles, Greece is “all boys club” where women do not go out in
public
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1) Aristotle 2) Cicero Miscellaneous Facts: First European Empires emerge near the Mediterranean Sea in
Southern Europe
Period of Time: Classical Empires (1000 BCE – 600 CE)
Location: Sub-Saharan Africa
Name of Kingdom(s): Jenne – West Africa, Axum – East Africa
Type of Government: ARCs turn to Kingdoms/monarchy, small kingdoms
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1)
2)
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Animism, Coptic Christianity in East Africa
Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements: Bronze Age, Start of Trans-Saharan Trade
Circuit (West Africa) and Indian Ocean Trade Circuit (East Africa)
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts: Sub-Saharan Africa begins to get integrated into the larger Eurasian
World
Period of Time: Post-Classical Empires (600 CE – 1450 CE)
Location: Sub-Saharan Africa
Name of Kingdom(s):
West Africa – (Trans-Saharan Trade Circuit)
Ghana –
Mali-
East Africa – (city-states) – Mombassa, Kilwa, Mogadishu, etc. (Indian Ocean Trade Circuit)
Southern Africa – Great Zimbabwe -
Type of Government:
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1) Sun Diata – (Mali) 2) Mansa Musa – (Mali) Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Islam spreads from Middle East/North Africa and the
Indian Ocean Trade Circuit
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments: Griots Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements
Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
Miscellaneous Facts: Great Empires. City-States in Eastern Africa extremely wealthy from
Indian Trade Circuit and follow the monsoons. West Africa has large Empires with wealthy
Emperors
Period of Time: Post-Classical Empires (600 CE – 1450 CE)
Location: Middle East and North Africa
Name of Kingdom(s): Umayyad Dynasty (660-750 CE), Abbasid Empire (750-1250 CE),
Mamluks (Egyptian Slaves that become rulers)
Type of Government: Caliphate – Sunni and Shiite division with Sunni dominance,
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1) Abu Bakr 2) Ali – son in-law of Muhammad
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Islam – starts in the Arabian Peninsula and spreads
quickly to Persia and North Africa
Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Muhammad – founding and final prophet of Islam
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts:
Period of Time: Post-Classical Empires (600 CE – 1450 CE)
Location: China and “Sinification” (spread of Chinese culture)
Name of Kingdom(s):
Sui (586-610 CE) – short lived Dynasty reunified China after period of disunity
Tang (610-901 CE) Golden Age of China and expands “Sinification” (spread of Chinese culture)
Song and Southern Song (c. 901-1280s) – Strong Chinese Culture and inventions with a
decrease in political unification
Yuan (c. 1280s-1366) – Mongol Dynasty – Kublai Khan tries to limit interaction and assimilation
of Mongols into Han Chinese community
Type of Government: Emperor – Mandate of Heaven, Neo-Confucianism – scholar officials
run the government as bureaucrats
Rulers and their accomplishments:
1) Empress Wu Religion/Philosophy that Dominate: Neo-Confucianism (scholar officials) and Taoism.
Buddhism is major “minority” religion that conflicts at points with Confucianism
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Minority Groups and their treatment: conquered peoples assimilate to dominant “Han”
Chinese culture
Women’s Rights: Footbinding begins during the end of the Tang Dynasty and becomes
prevalent in the Song and Southern Song Dynasties, continuing all the way to the times of the
Communist Revolution (1949)
1 Famous Woman: Yang Guifei – mistress of Emperor Xuanzong who has large influence
over him – during the height of the Tang Dynasty (c. 750 CE)
Inventions /Technological Advancements
Famous Non-ruling figures:
1) An Lushan 2) Xuan Zang – Buddhist monk who travelled to India in “Journey Into the West” with Guides
Miscellaneous Facts:
Period of Time: Post-Classical Empires (600 CE – 1450 CE)
Location: India / South Asia
Name of Kingdom(s):
Type of Government:
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1)
2)
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate:
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts:
Period of Time: Post-Classical Empires (600 CE – 1450 CE)
Location: Central Asia
Name of Kingdom(s):
Type of Government:
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1)
2)
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate:
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts:
Period of Time: Post-Classical Empires (600 CE – 1450 CE)
Location: Europe
Name of Kingdom(s):
Type of Government:
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1)
2)
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate:
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts:
Period of Time: Post-Classical Empires (600 CE – 1450 CE)
Location:
Name of Kingdom(s):
Type of Government:
2 Rulers and their accomplishments:
1)
2)
Religion/Philosophy that Dominate:
1 Religious figure and their accomplishments:
Minority Groups and their treatment:
Women’s Rights:
1 Famous Woman:
Inventions /Technological Advancements
2 Famous Non-ruling figures:
1)
2)
Miscellaneous Facts: