1861
April 12
Battle Fort Sumter, Charleston, SC
General for South Beauregard Major for North
Anderson
Winner South
Significance: First battle of the Civil War
April 20
Event: Robert E. Lee resigned from US Army
S will be the best leader of the whole war, most respected, fought for the South

July 21
B 1st Bull Run (Manassas, VA)
G for S: Johnston, Jackson – got his nickname here
W South
S: North realized it will not be a 90 – day war
What did civilians do during the battle? Had a picnic to watch
November 1
E US General Winfield Scott replaced by: George B.
McClellan
As commanding General of US Army
Where is he from? Pennsylvania

March 9
B (Naval Battle) What Ships? Monitor v. Virginia
W was a draw (tie) but what did the South do after battle? – Intentionally sunk the Virginia
S 1 st use of iron clad ships, changed naval warfare forever
April 6-7
B Shiloh
Location: Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee
W North, but barely
S: bloodiest battle to this point, casualties of both sides equals more than the losses of the
Revolutionary War, the War of 1812 and the Mexican
War combined

September 17
B Antietam Location: Sharpsburg, Maryland
G Lee (S) v. McClellan (N)
W – North, But what advantage did the North have?
Copy of Lee’s battle plans
S bloodiest single day of the war, “ Creek ran red with blood ”
September 22
E Announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation
Who issued it? Abraham Lincoln
S 1 st step towards freeing slaves
Where did it effect? In the Confederate States only
1863
January 1

Emancipation Proclamation goes into effect in the seceded states.
January 26
E Secretary of War allowed Massachusetts to recruit black troops
Result creation of the 54 th Massachusetts
S fought with honor throughout rest of the war,
180,000 African Americans volunteered & fought
May 2-4
B Chancellorsville, VA
W South, but heavy casualties
What happened to Jackson? Jackson is mortally wounded, lost an arm then died.
Why is that significant? Jackson was Lee’s right hand man/ best general
May 22
B beginning of the siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi

July 1-3
B Gettysburg
G Lee (S) v. Meade (N)
W North
S 1- only battle fought in the North
2 – TURNING POINT of the war!!!
3 - bloodiest battle of war (three days)
July 4
End of Vicksburg
W North
S North now has total control of Mississippi River

November 19
E Gettysburg Address Who? Lincoln
Reason given? To dedicate cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield
S gave first hint of forgiveness to the South
1864
January 14
E N- General William Tecumseh Sherman starts what?
“March to the Sea”
S beginning of “total war” used against the South
What is “total war”? Where you destroy EVERYTHING to crush the enemy (homes, barns, railroad tracks, burn fields, poison wells, etc)
March 10
E New US Commanding General- Who? Ulysses S.
Grant

June 15-18
B beginning of siege of Petersburg, VA
Summer various battles with Sherman v. Johnston then Hood, mixed results, mostly US wins as Sherman continues into the south. Grant continued to battle Lee with high casualties on both sides.
What is a “war of attrition”? Wear out the other side; keep fighting so they use up supplies and soldiers

September 2
B Atlanta
G Sherman
W North
What happened to the city? Was set on fire, destroyed most of it
November 8
E Lincoln reelected.
Who ran against him?
John C. Fremont & George B. McClellan
S continued precedent of presidents being reelected during time of war

1865
March 4
E Lincoln’s Second Inauguration
What did he say in his speech?
“ with Malice toward none” more words showing forgiveness
April 1
B Five Forks, Virginia
W North
S Last major battle of the war

April 2
B end of siege of Petersburg
W North
S fall of Petersburg, causes Richmond (Confederate capital) to be abandoned
April 9
E Formal surrender
Where? Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia
Who? Lee & Grant
Terms of surrender: soldiers sent home on “parole” and kept horses, officers allowed to keep pistols & horses, Grant had Lee’s army fed
S Generous peace for the rebuilding to begin
April 11

E Lincoln’s last public event, spoke of reconciliation with the south
April 14
E at Ford’s Theatre, what happened? Lincoln is assassinated, shot in the back of the head
Who did it? John Wilkes Booth to avenge the South
S 1 st president ever assassinated
April 26
E (Justice?) Booth is cornered in a barn and shot to death
Location: near Bowling Green, VA