What is the difference between heat
and temperature?
• Heat is the amount of thermal energy in an
object because of its moving molecules.
• Temperature is a measure of thermal energy
or how fast molecules are moving in an
object. The more you heat something, the
faster the molecules move. This is what
causes temperature to rise.
–
Measuring Tool for Heat: Thermometer
What is the difference between heat
and temperature?
• Heat and temperature are NOT the same thing.
• Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy
of each particle within an object.
• Thermal (heat) energy is the total energy of the
particles that make up an object
• For example, there is a lot more heat inside a glacier
than in a pot of boiling water. The boiling water has a
higher temperature, but the glacier has a lot more
molecules. All the slower moving molecules in the large
glacier equates to a higher thermal energy than the pot
of hot water.
Which picture shows the object that
has more kinetic energy of particles?
Figure A
Figure B
Heat Analogy
Particles of hotter substances are like
the people in a “mosh pit”
While particles of colder substances are
more like the people at a tea party in a
retirement home.
How does heat move from one place to another?
3 Types of Heat Transfer
Conduction
Radiation
Convection
Conduction is when heat moves from one place
to another by direct contact or touch.
Example:
When touching a hot stove, the heat from the
stove moves to your hands.
Your Examples:
Radiation
Radiation may be defined as energy
traveling through the electromagnetic
waves in space.
Examples of Radiation:
The Sun’s heat moves toward the Earth
through the electromagnetic waves in
space
The heat of a campfire warms a troop of
Girl Scouts by moving from the fire to the
girls through the space between them.
Convection: Mini- Field Trip
Convection is the movement of heat in gases and liquids
because of differences in density.
Because masses of hot air are less dense than colder air,
hot air will rise and cold air sinks.
Examples of Convection:
Hot air moves from the basement to the second story of a
two story house because it is lighter and less dense than
cold air.
Cold water from the north and south
poles moves to the equator because it sinks and gets
pushed by colder water. As the cold water gets close to
the equator, it heats and moves other masses of water.
Oceanic Convection Currents
Radiation, Conduction, and
Convection