Nervous Structure and Function Review Quiz/Living Environment
Multiple Choice Section
Choose the response which best completes the following statements or answers the following questions.
1. A portion of a nervous system is illustrated in
the diagram. Structure X represents
(1.) an effector
(2.) a neuron
(3.) a red blood cell
(4.) a white blood cell
2.
Which part of the human central nervous system is correctly paired with its function?
(1.) spinal cord - coordinates learning activities
(2.) cerebrum - serves as the center for memory and reasoning
(3.) medulla - maintains muscular coordination
(4.) cerebellum -- serves as the center for reflex actions
3.
In the human nervous system, synapses are located directly between
(1.) dendrites and dendrites
(2.) cell body and axons
(3.) terminal branches and dendrites
(4.) axons and terminal branches
4. The portion of the brain directly involved with coordinating voluntary motion or voluntary motor responses
is the
(1.) cerebrum
(2.) cerebellum
(3.) spinal cord
(4.) medulla
5. When a child runs to his mother after hearing a clap of thunder, the clap of thunder would serve the nervous
system role of acting as a(n)
(1.) stimulus
(2.) response (3.) effector (4.) none of these
6. A change in the external or internal environment of an organism is known as
1. response
2. an impulse
3. a synapse
4. a stimulus
7. Adding one drop of dilute hydrochloric acid to the water surrounding a hydra caused the hydra to contract.
The acid acted as
1. a response
2. a stimulus
3. a neurotransmitter
4. an impulse
8. Which statement describes a relationship between
the human cells illustrated in the diagrams?
(1.) B may cause D to contract.
(2.) B is used to repair C.
(3.) C transports oxygen to A.
(4.) A is produced by D.
9. The diagram represents a neuron. Which
number indicates the area where a stimulus is
detected and an electrochemical impulse is
conducted to the cell body?
(1.) 1
(2.) 2
(3.) 3
(4.) 4
10. A change that initiates an electrochemical message along a neuron is known as
(1.) a stimulus (2.) a response (3.) an impulse (4.) a synapse
11. Which is an activity controlled primarily by the cerebellum?
(1.) maintaining balance
(2.) breathing
(3.) regulating your heartbeat
(4.) thinking during this worksheet
12. Which substances are secreted at the endings of nerve cells?
1. antibodies
2. antigens
3. neurotransmitters
4. lipids
13. The diagram below represents the functional unit of a nervous system.
Which letter indicates a structure that secretes a neurotransmitter? 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D
14. To communicate between cells, many multicellular animals use:
1. nerve signals and respiratory gases
2. respiratory gases and hormones
3. bones and muscles
4. nerve signals and hormones
15. One similarity between cell receptors (on dendrites) and antibodies is that both
1. are produced by nerve cells
2. are highly specific in their actions
3. slow the rates of chemical reactions
4. are involved in digestion
16. Hormones and secretions of the nervous system are chemical messengers that
1. store genetic information
2. carry out the circulation of materials
3. extract energy from nutrients
4. coordinate system interactions
Base your answers to the questions 17 and 18 on the diagram below and your knowledge of biology.
17. Which statement best describes the diagram?
(1.) Nerve cell X is releasing receptor molecules(on dendrites).
(2.) Nerve cell Y is signaling nerve cell X.
(3.) Nerve cell X is attaching to nerve cell Y.
(4.) Nerve cell Y contains receptor molecules(on dendrites) for substance A.
18. A drug is developed that, due to its molecular shape, blocks the action of substance A.
Which shape would the drug molecule most likely resemble?
19. A process that occurs in the human body is represented in the diagram.
Which statement is most closely associated with the diagram?
1. Small molecules are obtained from large molecules during digestion.
2. Certain molecules are replicated by means of a template.
3. Receptor molecules(on dendrites) play an important role in communication between cells.
4. Energy from nutrients is utilized for waste disposal.
20.The body’s left side is controlled by the cerebrum’s
1) Left side
2) Right Side
3) Both Left and Right Sides
4) Front half
21. Chemicals involved in moving nerve impulses across a synapse are called __________.
1.) neuroexciters
2) neurotransmitters
3) receptor molecules
4) neuroinhibitors
Correctly complete the following statements.
1. Most axons are covered with a(n) ____________________ which aids impulse transmission by improving
electrical insulation.
2. The gap between two adjacent neurons is called a(n) _______________.
3. Nerve impulses are basically ________________ in nature.
4. The longest dendrite of a neuron which carries the impulse from the cell body is called the
_______________.
5. The nucleus and cell organelles of a neuron are located in the _______________.
6. The part of a nerve cell or neuron which releases neurotransmitters are its _______________.
7. The branches of nerve cells are known as _______________.
8. The portion of the brain which controls involuntary activities such as blood pressure and breathing is the
_______________.
9. A muscle or gland which responds to a message carried to it by motor neurons is called a(n)
_______________.
10. The portion of the brain which controls the thought processes is the _______________.
11. A change in the surroundings or the environment that triggers a nerve impulse is called a(n)
_______________.
12. The portion of the brain which coordinates motor activities is the _______________.
Short Answer Section
Identify each of the numbered structures on
the neuron diagram at the right.
What are the steps of a reflex arc?
Multiple Choice Section
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
6.)
7.)
2
2
3
2
1
4
2
8.) 1
9.) 1
10.) 1
11.) 1
12.) 3
13.) 4
14.) 4
15.) 2
16.) 4
17.) 4
18.) 2
19.) 3
20.) 2
21.) 2
Completion Questions
1.) myelin sheath
2.) synapse
3.) electrochemical
4.) axon
5.) cell body
6.) terminal buttons
7.) dendrites
8.) medulla
9.) effector
10.) cerebrum
11.) stimulus
12.) cerebellum
Neuron Diagram
1.
2.
3.
4.
dendrite
Cell body
axon
Terminal buttons
Reflex arc
Sensory receptorSensory Neuron  Interneuron (in spinal cord and brain)  Motor neuron  Effector