Reconstruction
Healing a Broken Nation
Reconstruction
 Lincoln’s Plan
 Pardon confederates who
take a oath of loyalty to the
U.S. Constitution
 10% of voters take oath and
support 13th Amendment a
state gov’t could be
established
 Will not recognize the
concept of secession
 Very lenient plan
Radical Republicans
 Thaddeus Stevens &
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Charles Sumner
Punishment must be the
goal
Confederate generals must
be removed from power
forever
Protect Republican control of
congress
Create a Republican party in
the south
Secure a tariff, National
Bank, and Transcontinental
Railroad
Wade-Davis Bill 1864
 Passed by the Radical Republicans in Congress
 Southern States would be placed under military
rule
 Majority of the people must take an oath to the
U.S. Constitution
 States must pass laws that prohibit slavery and
honor all war debts
 Lincoln “pocket veto’s” Wade-Davis Bill, enrages
the Radical Republicans
Andrew Johnson’s Plan
 Lincoln’s death changed
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everything
Johnson favored moderate
plan like Lincoln
Southern civilians as
Governors
Cancel war debts, withdraw
proclamation of secession
Johnson and Radical
Republicans would battle
Radical Republicans Plan
 14th amendment –
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granted citizenship
Rebellion states, revert
back to territories
5 military states would
be established
African Americans must
be allowed to vote for
leaders in south
No Confederate leader
is allowed in
government
Radical legislation
 Tenure of Office Act
 Freedman’s Bureau
 Civil Rights Act of 1865
 All were vetoed by
Andrew Johnson
 Radical Republicans
were able to override all
of the veto's
Johnson’s Impeachment
 Fires Secretary of War
Stanton
 House finds this grounds for
Impeachment
 35 Senators vote “guilty” 19
Senators vote “not guilty”
wins by 1 vote
 Remains President, but he
no longer has power
Election of 1868
 Radicals solidify control
of US
 Elect war hero U.S.S.
Grant
 Elected with the help of
Black voters
Ku Klux Klan
 15th amendment secured voting rights for
African Americans
 KKK grew to scare blacks from voting
 Scare tactics
 Made their life a living hell
Jim Crow Laws
 Legal laws to prevent African Americans from
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voting
Poll Tax
Literacy Test
Grandfather Clause
Black codes: curfew, land restriction, lower
wages
Plessy Vs. Ferguson: enforced separate but
equal
End of Reconstruction
 Election of 1876
 Democrats = Samuel Tilden, NY
 Republicans = Rutherford B.
Hayes, OH
 Tilden wins popular vote, and 3
southern states send in two
different electoral ballots
 Republicans in House pick
Hayes
 Southern Democrats agreed to
support Hayes if he would
withdraw military from south