FINAL EXAM THEMES AND DETAILS
Civil War
Union Pres. – Lincoln
Confederacy Pres. – Jeff. Davis
Generals – Union Mclellan, Grant
Confed. – “Stonewall” Jackson, Robert E. Lee, Jeb Stuart
Ft. Sumter – first battle
2 Northern battles – Bloody Antietam, Gettysburg
South – defensive strategy – ADVANTAGE – better officers
North – Anaconda Plan
First Battle of Bull Run – South wins, surprises everyone
Grant takes Mississippi, Sherman’s March to the Sea (Total War, War of Attrition)
Reconstruction
Post Civil War Era
Lincoln, killed by Boothe, Ford’s Theatre, Amnesty
Lincoln v. Johnson Reconstruction Plans
1865 – 1877, ended with the Compromise of 1877
Many African Americans had to resort to sharecropping - cycle of debt
Andrew Johnson – first President to be impeached
Jim Crow laws
13-15 Amendments – slavery abolished, everyone citizens, all males vote
Industrialization/Unions
Rockefeller, JP Morgan, Carnegie
Trusts and Monopolies
Gompers (AFL), Debs (socialist, ARU), Knights of Labor (skilled and unskilled),
Social Gospel, Social Darwinism, Reformers
Haymarket Affair, Homestead Strike, Great Strike of 1877
Reform
Progressivism (Robert LaFolette) (protect social welfare, promote moral improvement, creates
economic reform, efficiency)
Protect workers, limit hours, reform elections, 17th amendment
Roosevelt – Square Deal (Coal Strike of 1902, trust busting, RR regulations, promoted health), bully
pulpit
19th Amendment – women’s suffrage
Spanish-American War
Imperialism
Jose Marti, Pulitzer, Hearst
Yellow Journalism
U.S.S. Maine
McKinley declares war
Rough Riders, Buffalo Soldiers
Philippines (Emilio Aguinaldo), Cuba, Guam
Teller Amendment, Platt Amendment
Monroe Doctrine
Roosevelt Corollary
Open Door - China
Isolationism v. Imperialism
What are isolationism and imperialism?
Roosevelt (S-A War, Panama Canal, Philippines)
Quota System
Rise of the Dictators
Various Tariffs
Neutrality (in both WWI and WWII)
T. Roosevelt’s Administration
Spanish – American War (Rough Riders)
Trust Busting – Anti Big Business
Interstate Commerce Act
Great White Fleet
The Jungle – Meat Inspection Act, Pure Food and Drug Act, Environmentalist
Square Deal (Coal Strike of 1902, trust busting, RR regulations, promoted health), bully pulpit
Bull Moose Party
Woodrow Wilson’s Administration
Clayton Antitrust Act
Underwood Tariff
Income Tax – 16th Amendment
Federal Reserve System
19th Amendment – Women’s Suffrage
Very poor efforts in Civil Rights (African Americans)
Neutrality early in the War, re-elected under pretenses of peace
Zimmerman Note
Selective Service Act
America not prepared for War
Espionage and Sedition Acts
Great Migration
Flu Epidemic
14 Points – League of Nations
Treaty of Versailles - $33 billion in reparations to Germany
The 1920s
19th Amendment
Prohibition
Isolationism
Roaring Twenties (Flappers, wealth – wealth was not permanent though)
Hoover
Treatment of Minorities
Plessy v. Ferguson
Reconstruction - Jim Crow Laws
Great Migration – many moved North to work during WWI
NAACP
Homestead Act, Dawes Act
Great Depression
Superficial Prosperity (Speculation, Buying on Margin)
Farming Industry collapses
Black Tuesday
Unemployment very high
Dust Bowl
HOOVER – personal responsibility, charitable organizations, didn’t provide direct relief
FDR – New Deal legislation, Fireside Chats, Direct Relief
Critics of the New Deal (interferes with free market economy)
WWII
Stalin, Hitler, Mussolini, FDR, Churchill
Cash and Carry/Lend Lease Act
North African Theatre, Pacific Theatre, European Theatre
Battle of the Atlantic (convoy system), Midway, Iwo Jima, D-Day (Op. Overlord), Bulge, Stalingrad (Op.
Barabrossa), El Alamein
Manhattan Project (Oppenheimer)
Holocaust
Kristallnacht
Nuremberg Trials
AAs were segregated in the army, women began to contribute