Biology 123 Dr. Raut’s Class
Session two 1/14/15
1) What are isotopes? Are all isotopes unstable or radioactive?
2) What are the three kinds of bonds? Which ones are strongest? Which ones are weakest?
3) What are the two types of covalent bonds? How do they differ?
4) What are the two types of intermolecular bonds? How do they work?
5) What is the difference in an anion and a cation? How do ions stay together?
6) Why is molecular shape so important in biology?
7) What about water’s molecular makeup helps make it such a vital molecule? You should be
able to draw this out and demonstrate how it works.
8) List the four emergent properties of water.
9) Define both cohesion and adhesion. What is the difference? What does this have to do with
surface tension?
10) What is an example of cohesion and adhesion working together in biology?
11) How does water moderate temperatures?
12) What is specific heat, and what does it have to do with water moderating temperatures?
13) How does evaporative cooling work? Is this important to us?
14) Why does ice float? You should be able to draw this!
15) Will an entire pond ever freeze? Why or why not? Why is this important?
16) Define solution, solvent, and solute.
17) What makes water a good solvent? You should be able to draw this!
18) Define hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and a colloid. Give examples of hydrophilic and
hydrophobic molecules.
19) What is the basic definition of an acid and a base?
20) What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?
21) Draw the Carbonic acid-biocarbonate buffer. Which way does the equilibrium shift if the
fluid becomes basic? Acidic?
22) Which of the following molecules would be capable of forming hydrogen bonds?
a) CH4
b) CH4O
c) NaCl
d) H2
e) a, b, and d can form hydrogen bonds
23) Some archaea are able to live in lakes with pH values of 11. How does pH 11 compare with
the pH 7 typical in your body cells?
a) It is four times more acidic than pH 7.
b) It is four times more basic than pH 7.
c) It is a thousand times more acidic than pH 7.
d) It is a thousand times more basic than pH 7.
e) It is ten thousand times more basic than pH 7.