EMOTION AND MOTIVATION
Vanessa Urbina, Kelly Larsen, Sara Slayden
Pride
What is pride?
What are the characteristics of pride?
What does pride look like?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k013ww-w0as
What does pride look like?
 Head and neck slightly tilted back
 Expanded posture
 Slight smile
Adapted from: Human Emotion; Professor June Gruber, Yale University. June 4,2013
Status and Pride
 Cheng, Joey T., Jessica L. Tracy, and Joseph Henrich. "Pride, Personality, and the
Evolutionary Foundations of Human Social Status." Evolution and Human Behavior 31.5
(2010): 334-47. Web.
Pride, personality, and the evolutionary foundations
of human social status
 Introduction
 Universal differential social status
 High social rank correlated with higher inclusive fitness
 Influence, access, resources allocation
 Pride as a psychological mechanism to motivate the individual
Cheng, Joey T., Jessica L. Tracy, and Joseph Henrich. "Pride, Personality, and the Evolutionary
Foundations of Human Social Status." Evolution and Human Behavior 31.5 (2010): 334-47.
Hypothesis
Research shows 2 types of pride and 2 types of status….
 Pride: hubristic and authentic
 Status: dominance and prestige
Are these connected???
 Hypothesis: Hubristic pride will be positively correlated with dominance and authentic pride will
be positively correlated with prestige.
Cheng, Joey T., Jessica L. Tracy, and Joseph Henrich. "Pride, Personality, and the Evolutionary
Foundations of Human Social Status." Evolution and Human Behavior 31.5 (2010): 334-47.
Methods
 Measurements of :
Self rated status (prestige and dominance)
Self rated pride (hubristic and authentic)
Peer related pride
Measures of personality traits
Cheng, Joey T., Jessica L. Tracy, and Joseph Henrich. "Pride, Personality, and the Evolutionary
Foundations of Human Social Status." Evolution and Human Behavior 31.5 (2010): 334-47.
Conclusions
 Hubristic pride associated with dominance
 Authentic pride associated with prestige
 Both forms of status allow for higher inclusive fitness
“…hubristic pride may have evolved to motivate behaviors, thoughts, and feelings toward attaining
dominance, whereas authentic pride may have evolved to motivate behaviors, thoughts, and
feelings oriented toward attaining prestige” pg 336)
Cheng, Joey T., Jessica L. Tracy, and Joseph Henrich. "Pride, Personality, and the Evolutionary
Foundations of Human Social Status." Evolution and Human Behavior 31.5 (2010): 334-47.
Conclusion
 Correlation between different types of pride and personality traits
 Possible explanation?
Cheng, Joey T., Jessica L. Tracy, and Joseph Henrich. "Pride, Personality, and the Evolutionary
Foundations of Human Social Status." Evolution and Human Behavior 31.5 (2010): 334-47.
Critical Review: Some interesting points
 Distinction between hubristic and authentic pride
 Psychologists have shown that dominance and prestige, assessed through self-reports,
have divergent relations with basal testosterone levels
 Women seem to prefer prestigious over dominant men
Critical Review: Unclear points
 Attaining status through prestige evolved once we obtained the capacity for culture;
Cheng et al claim this phenomenon is one that is not seen in non-humans they claim
 The first experiment had individuals report about their own pride, status, and the
personality traits they believed led to these pride and status positions
 The authors predicted that genuine self-esteem would positively predict a prestigious
status while it would negatively predict or have no relation to a dominance status
THOUGHTS AND QUESTIONS?