States of Consciousness
Watch the Watch
Sweet
Dreams
Trippin’
Altered
States
State of mmmBussssness
Sweet Dreams
500
400
300
200
100
Watch the Watch
500
400
300
200
100
Trippin’
500
400
300
200
100
Altered States
500
400
300
200
100
5. An evolutionary explanation about
why we sleep would be to:
•
•
•
•
•
A) repair our brain.
B) promote growth.
C) keep us safe.
D) help us to remember.
E) None of the above
282
6. Biological processes that
systematically vary over a period of
24 hours are called:
•
•
•
•
•
A) daily regimens.
B) circadian rhythms.
C) sleep-wake cycles.
D) lunar cycles.
E) biological timer
275
7. A hormone manufactured by the
pineal gland that produces
sleepiness is:
•
•
•
•
•
A) serotonin.
B) melatonin.
C) L-triptophan.
D) dopamine.
E) norepinephrine.
275
8. The rhythmic bursts of brain
activity that occur during Stage 2
sleep are called:
•
•
•
•
•
A) alpha waves.
B) theta waves.
C) sleep spindles.
D) delta waves.
E) sleep apnea
277
9. Sleep deprivation has been
shown to:
• A) increase attentiveness to highly
motivating tasks.
• B) increase hypertension.
• C) enhance memory.
• D) increase immunity to disease.
• E) increase nightmares.
281
10. Dream theory that REM sleep triggers
neural activity that evokes random visual
memories and what part of the brain does
it originate from:
•
•
•
•
•
A) Freud’s wish fulfillment, Medulla Oblongata.
B) Information processing, Pons.
C) Activation Synthesis, Pons.
D) Information processing, Cerebellum.
E) Activation Synthesis, Hypothalamus.
288
12. In one study, both hypnotized and
non-hypnotized subjects were told to
throw acid in a research assistant’s face
(Owwwww!!!?!?. In this experiment,
hypnotized people:
• A) usually refused to do it.
• B) behaved in the same fashion as nonhypnotized individuals.
• C) were influenced to act against their
own will.
• D) experienced a heightened sense of
personal responsibility for their actions.
292
13. Who was credited for the popularity
of hypnosis :
•
•
•
•
•
A) Ernest Hilgard
B) Anton Mesmer
C) Philip Zimbardo
D) Sigmund Freud
E) Coach Knowles, that’s right!! Believe
that!!!!!
292
14. One plausible theory, like the
hypno-dentist suggests that
hypnosis relieves pain by:
• A) distracting attention.
• B) blocking sensory input.
• C) eliciting a deep, REM-like
state.
• D) “fooling” the subject to
believe there is NO pain.
293
15. When hypnosis influences
behavior after the hypnotic state, the
subject was given a:
•
•
•
•
•
A) posthypnotic amnesia.
B) hypnotic command.
C) command suggestion.
D) posthypnotic suggestion.
E) hypnotic suggestion.
292
16. Nature of physical drug
dependence involves these two
factors:
•
•
•
•
•
A) tolerance and withdrawal.
B) drug type and amount.
C) quantity and frequency.
D) psycho-activity and abuse.
E) drug type and frequency.
297
17. The need to take larger and
larger doses of a drug in order to
experience its effects is an
indication of:
•
•
•
•
•
A) withdrawal.
B) dissociation.
C) resistance.
D) tolerance.
E) dependence.
297
18. Repeated use of an opiate:
• A) decreases the brain’s reproduction
of endorphins.
• B) increases heart and breathing
rates.
• C) does not seem to be followed by
serious withdrawal symptoms.
• D) triggers auditory as well as
visual hallucinations.
300
19. The drug Ecstasy has the
dangerous side-effect of:
• A) causing dehydration, overheating,
increased blood pressure, death.
• B) increasing the risk of chronic
depression.
• C) impairing memory.
• D) all of the above.
302
20. When cocaine is snorted, smoked, or
injected, it produces a rush of euphoria.
As someone comes off this “high”, the end
result is a depressive crash caused by:
•
•
•
•
•
A) depletion of dopamine.
B) depletion of norepinephrine.
C) depletion of serotonin.
D) all of the above.
E) A and C only
301
21. After ingesting a small dose of a drug,
Jen experienced vivid visual hallucinations
and felt as if she were separated from her
own body. She most likely experienced
the effects of:
•
•
•
•
•
A) cocaine.
B) LSD.
C) heroin.
D) marijuana.
E) ecstasy
302
22. Which of the following is an
amphetamine that acts as a mild
hallucinogen?
•
•
•
•
•
A) Marijuana
B) Nembutal
C) Ecstasy
D) LSD
E) Heroine
302
23. According to Ernest Hilgard’s
theory of hypnosis:.
• A) becoming hypnotized depends on the
willingness of the subject.
• B) the subject’s consciousness is
separated.
• C) everyone can become hypnotized if
the hypnotist is trained.
• D) it is just another form of
concentration.
294
25. The best indication that dreaming
serves a necessary biological function is
provided by the fact that:
• A) most dreams are psychologically
meaningless.
• B) the disruption of REM sleep leads to
narcolepsy.
• C) most mammals experience REM rebound.
• D) sexual tension is naturally
discharged during REM sleep.
288
mmmBuss Question.
The neurotransmitter is the main culprit
involved in regulating our moods:
•
•
•
•
•
A) serotonin.
B) norepinephrine.
C) orexin.
D) dopamine
E) melatonin.
288
Answers: States of Consciousness
1.
D
9.
D
17.
D
2.
B
10.
A
18.
A
3.
C
11.
B
19.
D
4.
A
12.
B
20.
D
5.
C
13.
B
21.
B
6.
B
14.
A
22.
C
7.
B
15.
D
23.
B
8.
C
16.
A
24.
B
25.
C