In what ways do the Ancient
Greece Civilization differs from
other Ancient Civilizations in
Asia?
Greece
I. Ancient Civilizations
a. People living in river valleys depended on the
rivers flooding for fertile land.
II. Greece
a. Did not depend on flooding.
b. Had no rivers.
c. Had mountainous land and deep valleys with
rugged highlands (hills).
d. Mountains divided the people.
e. Greece is located in Southeastern Europe.
Looking on the map,
Greece is an example of..
What kind of landform?
Greek Civilization
From tribes called “Achaeans”
 Known as Hellenes or Greek

Where can we find the 3 important
seas surrounding Greece?
(Give the relative location based
from the Greece)
- Ionian Sea
- Aegean Sea
- Mediterranean Sea
Why are those seas important
during the Greek Civilization?
Trade
These seas made Greece a crossroads
for trade.
 Greece had long coastlines with many
bays which were good for trading.

True or False:
Geography played an important
part in the settlement of the
Greeks.
-explain your answer
Structure
of the
City-States
Acropolis
Polis
Agora
What is a Polis?
Polis
A city-state in ancient
Greece
Polis
• A nation of its own
• developed because
land was isolated by
mountains or water
• common language
• depend on one another
to survive.
What is an Agora?
Agora
• A central area in Greek cities used both as a
marketplace and as a meeting place.
What is an Acropolis?
ACROPOLIS
a large hill in ancient Greece where city residents sought
shelter and safety in times of war and met to discuss
community affairs
Greek City-States
•
•
•
•
Shared a language & letters
Remained independent of each other
Each region had a Polis
Each region was built around an acropolis
What are the two city-states that
became powerful during Ancient
Greece?
Describe a Spartan
Sparta
a. Located in Pelonnesus; Sparta was a strict
military state.
b. Spartans were raised to be warriors.
c. Age 7, healthy boys were sent to barracks
c. There were three classes of people:
Citizens, non-citizens, and helots
What tribe invaded Sparta during
the dark ages?
-Dorian
Sparta
a. Government: Monarchy, 2 Kings, 28
elders as advisers and an assembly (men
age 30).
What is the role of an Ephor to the
state?
“Come back with your shield
or on it”
Describe an Athenian
Athens
Located in Attica
 World’s first democracy around 508
B.C.

Who were the great men
contributed to the growth of
democracy in Athens?
Draco

Draco’s Code
Solon

Land Reforms
Cleisthenes

Election
Why is Pericles time called the
Golden Age of Athens?
Pericles
• Leader of creating
democracy in Athens.
• Pericles had the
Parthenon and the
Acropolis built.
• A healthy mind, and a
well trained body.
• Curiosity and free
discussion.
Parthenon and
Acropolis
What made Persian war different
from the other wars Sparta &
Athens had?
The Greeks Clash with the Persians
a. At the time Athens was growing more
powerful, Persia was the strongest
military power in the world.
b. Persians invaded Greece at a plain
northeast of Athens called Marathon.
c. After that, Athens and Sparta put aside
their differences and worked together
to destroy the Persian army.
d. Battle at Salamis/ Thermopylae: Sea
battle which Athenian ships trapped
and destroyed the Persian fleet of
ships and were victorious.
Peloponnesian Wars 27 yrs

Delian League VS Peloponnesian
League
Governments
of the
city-states
Democracy
Monarchy
Oligarchy
Describe a type of government
called Monarchy
Monarchy
Some city-states had a single ruler
Describe a type of government
called Oligarchy
Oligarchy
In some city-states, a small group of the
richest and most powerful citizens
controlled decision-making
Describe a type of government
called Democracy
Democracy
Rule by the citizens
Minoans, Mycenaeans, and
Phoenicians
The three cultures
that influenced the
development of
Greek civilization
What are the two civilizations
flourished in ancient Greece?
Where did the Minoan
Civilization flourished?
- Crete
Who is this leader in Minoan
Civilization, who thought to be
the basis for the civilization’s
name?
- King Minos
Minoans
•Started on 2,000 B.C.
•Trading culture
•Pottery, metal work, wine, and olive oil
•Written language
The Mycenaeans
•1600 B.C.
•Traded metals from the
Greek mainland for the
beautiful Minoan
exports
•Conquered Crete in
1450 B.C. and took
over Minoa’s valuable
trade
•This civilization
disappeared by 1100
B.C.
Reasons why Mycenaean
Civilization declined
- Earthquakes &
Fighting among
kingdoms
Myths and Legends
TRUE OR FALSE :
Greeks created many myths to help explain the
mysteries of nature and life.
Trojan War
Sparta (Greeks) won by hiding in the
Trojan Horse and making a surprise attack.
Poet, Homer ,wrote two poems about the
war: The Iliad and The Odyssey.
Trojan horse
Earliest picture of the Trojan Horse, on a
vase ca. 670 BC.
Mount Olympus
a. Greeks believed that the gods and goddesses
lived here.
b. In Ancient Greece daily life focused on keeping
their many gods and goddesses happy.
Name A Greek God or
Goddesses
Olympics
Held to honor Zeus, king of all the gods. Held
in Olympia.
Long jumping
chariot racing
Every how many interval years do
Olympics usually happen?
Philosophers
Socrates





Leader in revolution in thinking
Examine all issues rationally through dialogue
Search for universal truths
Group of youthful followers – Plato,
Xenophon
Socratic method
Plato (427–347 BC)
 Writer of philosophical dialogues - Socrates' point of
view
 Founder of the Academy in Athens
 Lectured on politics (The Republic) , ethics,
metaphysics, & epistemology
 Themes in dialogues:
– best possible form of government
– role of heredity & the environment on human intelligence &
personality
– distinction between knowledge and true belief
Philosophers
Aristotle (384 BC –322 BC)
 Student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great
 Wrote books on physics, poetry, zoology, logic,
rhetoric, politics, government and biology
 One of the few figures in history who studied
almost every subject possible at the time
Decline of the Greek City-States
a. War caused all of Greece to
become weak.
b. Macedonia (in the
north) was growing in power and
became a threat
to Greece.
That’s all folks!!