BIOLOGY
12-14-15
1ST ENTRY TASK FOR CHAPTER 8 – PHOTOSYNTHESIS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
HOW PLANTS AND OTHER ORGANISMS CAPTURE ENERGY
FROM THE SUN
ENTRY TASK: COPY THE CHAPTER 8 MAP
TODAY’S PLAN
• GET RESULTS FROM CHAPTER 7 TEST
• GO OVER PHOTOSYNTHESIS POGIL
• NOTES FOR CHAPTER7
ENERGY FROM
SUNLIGHT
CHAPTER 7
THE CARBON CYCLE
THE CHEMICAL EQUATION FOR
PHOTOSYNTHESIS SUMMARIZES SEVERAL
REACTION STEPS
• HUMAN CO2 EMISSIONS
• HTTP://WWW.SKEPTICALSCIENCE.COM/HUMAN-CO2-SMALLER-THANNATURAL-EMISSIONS.HTM
• PHOTOSYNTHESIS OVERVIEW
• HTTP://WWW.TEACHERSDOMAIN.ORG/RESOURCE/TDC02.SCI.LIFE.STRU.P
HOTOSYNTH/
• A DIFFERENT KIND OF FUEL
• HTTP://WWW.TEACHERSDOMAIN.ORG/RESOURCE/VTL07.LA.WS.PROCES
S.DIFFUEL/
HYDROTHERMAL VENTS – LIFE WITHOUT
LIGHT
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC
• HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=XOTF9FZO4VO
LIFE IN OTHER PLANETS/MOONS
• HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=4QQMUBBFN6Y
•
HTTP://SCIENCE.NASA.GOV/SCIENCE-NEWS/SCIENCE-ATNASA/2001/AST13APR_1/
•
HTTP://WWF.PANDA.ORG/ABOUT_OUR_EARTH/BLUE_PLANET/DEEP_SE
A/VENTS_SEEPS/
DAVID ATTENBOROUGH
•
HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=BXGF3XS-YAI
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Leaf_anatomy.svg/769pxLeaf_anatomy.svg.png
ANATOMY OF A CHLOROPLAST
THE TWO MAIN STAGES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS ARE:
THE LIGHT REACTIONS, WHICH OCCUR IN THE THYLAKOIDS,
AND THE CALVIN CYCLE (LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTIONS),
WHICH OCCURS IN THE STROMA
http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/forestbiology/photosynthesis.swf
Absorbed light
A substance’s color is due to chemical compounds called pigments
Most plants do not absorb green color, they reflect it
Different forms of electromagnetic energy have
different wavelengths. Shorter wavelengths have
more energy than longer wavelengths
TYPES OF PIGMENTS IN PLANTS
• CHLOROPHYLL A: ABSORBS MAINLY BLUE-VIOLET AND RED LIGHT AND
REFLECTS MAINLY GREEN LIGHT
• CHLOROPHYLL B: ABSORBS MAINLY BLUE AND ORANGE LIGHT AND
REFLECTS YELLOW-GREEN
• CAROTENOIDS: ABSORB MAINLY BLUE-GREEN LIGHT AND REFLECT
YELLOW-ORANGE.
HARVESTING LIGHT ENERGY - PHOTOSYSTEMS
PHOTOSYSTEM MODEL
• CHLOROPHYLL 1
• CHLOROPHYLL 2
• CHLOROPHYLL 3 (REACTION-CENTER CHLOROPHYLL)
• PRIMARY ELECTRON ACCEPTOR
• WATER MOLECULE
• LIGHT SOURCE
THE LIGHT ENERGY BOOSTS THE ELECTRONS UP TO THEIR EXCITED STATES
THE CALVIN CYCLE
BY CONVERTING LIGHT ENERGY TO CHEMICAL
ENERGY, PHOTOSYNTHESIS IS THE FIRST STEP IN THE
FLOW OF ENERGY THROUGH AN ECOSYSTEM.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS TABLE
Stages
Light
Reactions
Calvin Cycle
Location
INPUT
OUTPUT
PHOTOSYNTHESIS TABLE
Stages
Light
Reactions
Location
THYLACOIDS
INPUT
OUTPUT
LIGTH
H 2O
ATP
NADPH
O2
CO2
Calvin Cycle
STROMA
ATP
NADPH
SUGAR
NADP+
ADP + P
COMPARE CONTRAST
BIOLOGY
12-15-15
2ND ENTRY TASK FOR CHAPTER 8&9 – CELL RESPIRATION
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
HOW WE GET THE ENERGY WE NEED
ENTRY TASK:
WHY DO WE NEED OXYGEN?
TODAY’S PLAN
• START CO2 INVESTIGATION
• CELL RESPIRATION EQUATION
CO2 INVESTIGATION DAY 1
• WHY DO YOU BREATHE MORE WHEN YOU ARE
EXERCISING?
• WHY DO YOU NEED MORE OXYGEN?
• ENERGY FOR LIFE VIDEO
HOW DOES BROMOTHYMOL BLUE (BTB) WORK?
• IS A PH INDICATOR FOR WEAK ACIDS AND BASES
• CO2 IS A WEAK ACID. IF CO2 IS ADDED TO A
SOLUTION OF WATER AND BTB, THE SOLUTION
WILL TURN COLOR, FROM BLUE TO LIGHT
YELLOW
• LETS TRY IT!!
The cycle of photosynthesis and
cellular respiration
COMPARE CONTRAST
Cellular Respiration

A chemical process that uses oxygen to convert the energy
in organic molecules into ATP

ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate

ATP = Energy “currency” for cell

ATP provides energy for the cell to do three types
of work:
 Chemical work = building large molecules
 Mechanical work = muscle contraction
 Transport work = getting ions across cell
membrane
Overview of what happens during
cellular respiration and where
CO2 INVESTIGATION
IN YOUR JOURNAL:
• THINK ABOUT WHAT THINGS YOU CAN TEST THAT WOULD
PRODUCE DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF EXHALED CO2
• WRITE WHAT WOULD THE MANIPULATED AND THE
RESPONDING VARIABLES BE?
• WRITE THE INVESTIGATIVE QUESTION FOR THE EXPERIMENT
• WRITE A HYPOTHESIS FOR THIS QUESTION
(IF…THEN…BECAUSE…)
YOU HAVE 10 MINUTES!
WEDNESDAY 12-16-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• DETERMINE HOW EXERCISE AFFECTS THE RATE OF EXHALED CO2
ENTRY TASK:
• GET MATERIALS READY AT YOUR TABLE FOR THE LAB
PLAN OF THE DAY
• CO2 EXPERIMENT – DATA COLLECTION
• WRITE CONCLUSION AS HOMEWORK IF NOT FINISHED DURING
CLASS
CO2 INVESTIGATION DAY 2
• READ THE PROCEDURES
• MAKE SURE EVERYBODY IN YOUR GROUP AGREES ON WHAT
THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF ACTIVITIES/EXERCISES YOU WILL BE
TESTING ARE
• DECIDE WHO WILL BE PERFORMING WHAT LAB TASK AND
ACTIVITY IN YOUR GROUP
• STUDENTS BLOWING IN THE BEAKER AND DOING THE BTB
SOLUTIONS NEED TO WEAR GOGGLES!!!!!!!!
• ALL MATERIALS NEED TO BE PUT BACK IN BINS CLEANED AND
DRIED WHEN YOU FINISH RECORDING THE DATA – THANK YOU!!
POST LAB QUESTIONS
• WHAT TYPES OF GASSES ARE IN THE AIR WE BREATHE?
• WHAT DO YOU THINK ARE THE PERCENTAGES OF THE GASES IN THE AIR
WE BREATHE?
• WHAT ABOUT THE AIR WE EXHALE?
• HOW DO YOU THINK THAT COMPARES TO THE AIR WE INHALE?
• WHAT HAPPENS TO OUR BREATHING AS WE EXERCISE?
• WHY DO WE BREATHE MORE WHEN WE EXERCISE?
WE BREATHE MORE WHEN EXERCISING BECAUSE WE NEED
THE OXYGEN TO BREAK DOWN FOOD TO PRODUCE ENERGY
AND TO RELEASE THE CARBON DIOXIDE WASTE PRODUCTS
THAT ARE PRODUCED
Where does this extra carbon dioxide come from?
Watch cell respiration vid
From Science News magazine
MONDAY 2-2-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
DESCRIBE HOW PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION
ARE RELATED
EXPLAIN HOW THE ATP MOLECULE WORKS
ENTRY TASK:
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION AND WHERE IN THE
CELL DOES IT HAPPEN?
PLAN OF THE DAY
• HOW CELL RESPIRATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS ARE RELATED
• CELL RESPIRATION REACTIONS
• ATP MOLECULE
The cycle of photosynthesis and
cellular respiration
Cellular Respiration

A chemical process that uses oxygen to convert the energy
in organic molecules into ATP

ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate

ATP = Energy “currency” for cell

ATP provides energy for the cell to do three types
of work:
 Chemical work = building large molecules
 Mechanical work = muscle contraction
 Transport work = getting ions across cell
membrane
Overview of what happens during
cellular respiration and where
Cell Respiration Table
Stages
Location
ATP
Glycolysis
Cytoplasm of cell
2
Kreb Cycle
Matrix of
mitochondrion
2
Electron Transport
Chain & ATP
Synthase Action
Inner membrane of
mitochondrion
32-34
Total ATP = 38
Glycolysis Animation
http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/glycolysis_overview
/movie-flash.htm
Electron Transport Chain Animation
http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/etc/movie-flash.htm
ATP Synthase animation
http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/atpgradient/movieflash.htm
Putting Chemical Energy to Work
Output
Input
75%
25%
60%
40%
Respiration

Aerobic: A process that requires oxygen

Cellular respiration vs. breathing
 Both Bring in Oxygen and release CO2
Cellular Respiration
equation

C6H12O6 +6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + 38ATP
TUESDAY 2-3-15 (SUB TODAY)
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
DETERMINE HOW PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION
ARE RELATED BY STUDYING THE INTERACTIONS OF AN AQUATIC
PLANT AND AQUATIC SNAILS
ENTRY TASK:
GET A HANDOUT FROM THE FRONT OF THE ROOM AND READ THE
INTRODUCTION TO THE VIRTUAL LAB
PLAN OF THE DAY
• VIRTUAL ELODEA AND SNAIL LAB (PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND
CELLULAR RESPIRATION) DAY ONE
WEDNESDAY 2-4-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
DETERMINE HOW PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION
ARE RELATED BY STUDYING THE INTERACTIONS OF AN AQUATIC
PLANT AND AQUATIC SNAILS
SCIENCE CLASS OFFERINGS
ENTRY TASK:
IN THE VIRTUAL LAB THAT YOU STARTED YESTERDAY, WHAT WAS THE
EXPERIMENTAL QUESTION YOU WROTE?
PLAN OF THE DAY
• SCIENCE CLASS OFFERINGS PRESENTATION
THURSDAY 2-5-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
DETERMINE HOW PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION
ARE RELATED BY STUDYING THE INTERACTIONS OF AN AQUATIC
PLANT WITH POND SNAILS
ENTRY TASK:
WRITE THE EQUATION FOR CELLULAR RESPIRATION BOTH IN
WORDS AND SYMBOLS
Cellular Respiration
equation

C6H12O6 +6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + 38ATP
PLAN OF THE DAY
• FINISH VIRTUAL ELODEA AND SNAIL LAB (PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND
CELLULAR RESPIRATION) DAY TWO
• CHECK 9.1 NOTES
ELODEA AND SNAILS VIRTUAL LAB
• IF YOU ARE FINISHED WITH THE ENTIRE PACKET, GET TOGETHER
WITH THE OTHER STUDENTS THAT HAVE FINISHED TOO
• CHECK YOUR ANSWERS FOR THE CONCLUSION AND
DISCUSSION SECTIONS
• IF YOU DISAGREE WITH SOME OF YOUR CLASSMATES’
ANSWERS, HAVE A DISCUSSION AND SEE IF YOU CAN COME TO
AN AGREEMENT.
FRIDAY 2-6-15
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
EXPLAIN HOW ENERGY IS TRANSFERRED THROUGH ECOSYSTEMS
BY THE PROCESSES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR
RESPIRATION
ENTRY TASK:
WHY DID YOU NEED TO ADD THE ELODEA PLANT IN THE
VIRTUAL AQUARIUM WITH SNAILS IN IT?
BRING YOUR BOOK NEXT TUESDAY TO BE RECHECKED AT THE
LIBRARY!!!
ELODEA, SNAILS, & CO2
LIGHT
DARK
PLAN OF THE DAY
• QUIZ
ENTRY TASK QUIZ
• WRITE THE ENTRY TASK AND LEARNING OBJECTIVE FOR
THE FOLLOWING DATES:
• 1-26-15
• 1-30-15
• 2-2-15
POINTS: 2 PER ENTRY TASK – 2 PER ANSWER – 2 PER
LEARNING OBJECTIVE ----TOTAL 18
WOW!!
http://co2now.org/
http://www.vernier.com/products/sensors/wir
eless-sensors/node/node-co2/
Co2 sensor
http://shop.variableinc.com/products/nodeco2?variant=492525153
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/elevated
-carbon-dioxide-may-impair-reasoning
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/hi
story.html