School Information - Madison West Rocketry
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August 31st, 2012 The Study of Sound in a Flight Induced Airflow Madison West High School - Returning Team SLI 2013 Statement of Work Madison West High School Returning Team -2- SLI 2013 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Contents School Information........................................................................................................ 5 Student Participants ..................................................................................................... 7 Facilities and Equipment .............................................................................................. 8 Facilities for Rocket Design and Testing ...................................................................... 8 Personnel ..................................................................................................................... 9 Equipment and Supplies ............................................................................................ 10 Section 508 Compliance ............................................................................................ 13 Safety ........................................................................................................................... 14 Written Safety Plan .................................................................................................... 14 I. NAR Safety Requirements ...................................................................................... 14 II. Hazardous Materials .............................................................................................. 15 III. Compliance with Laws and Environmental Regulations ........................................ 15 IV. Education, Safety Briefings and Supervision ........................................................ 16 V. Procedures and Documentation ............................................................................ 16 Physical Risks ............................................................................................................ 17 Toxicity Risks ............................................................................................................. 17 Scheduling and Facilities Risks.................................................................................. 17 Rocket/Payload Risks ................................................................................................ 18 Technical Design ......................................................................................................... 19 Deployment and Recovery ......................................................................................... 25 Parachutes ............................................................................................................. 25 Drift ........................................................................................................................ 25 Universal Avionics Platform - System Hermes ....................................................... 26 Performance Targets that Apply to Vehicle ................................................................ 27 Payload ...................................................................................................................... 28 Measurements ....................................................................................................... 31 Data and Correlations ............................................................................................ 31 Hypotheses ............................................................................................................ 32 We make the following hypotheses: ....................................................................... 32 Post Flight Procedure............................................................................................. 32 Payload Performance Targets Compliance................................................................ 33 -3- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Major Challenges and Solutions ................................................................................ 34 Major Vehicle Challenges ...................................................................................... 34 Major Payload Challenges and Solutions ............................................................... 34 Performance Targets .................................................................................................. 36 Educational Engagement ........................................................................................... 52 Community Support ................................................................................................... 52 Outreach Programs.................................................................................................... 53 Project Plan ................................................................................................................. 54 Schedule .................................................................................................................... 54 Budget ....................................................................................................................... 56 Educational Standards ............................................................................................... 58 Sustainability .............................................................................................................. 61 Appendices .................................................................................................................. 63 Appendix A: Resume for Adrian ................................................................................. 63 Appendix B: Resume for Caitlin ................................................................................. 64 Appendix C: Resume for Colin ................................................................................... 65 Appendix D: Resume for Hanwook ............................................................................ 67 Appendix E: Resume for Jack .................................................................................... 68 Appendix F: Resume for Mia...................................................................................... 69 Appendix G: Resume for Michael .............................................................................. 70 Appendix H: Resume for Richard.............................................................................. 71 Appendix I: Resume for Tashi .................................................................................... 73 Appendix J: Model Rocket Safety Code ..................................................................... 74 Appendix L: Section 508 ............................................................................................ 78 Appendix M: Material Safety Data Sheets ................................................................. 83 -4- Madison West High School Returning Team School Information School Name Madison West High School Title of Project The Study of Sound in a Flight Induced Airflow Administrative Staff Member West High School Principal Ed Holmes Madison West High School, 30 Ash St., Madison, WI, 53726 Phone: (608) 204-4104 E-Mail: eholmes@madison.k12.wi.us Team Official Ms. Christine Hager, Biology Instructor Madison West High School, 30 Ash St., Madison, WI 53726 Phone: (608) 204-3181 E-Mail: ckamke@madison.k12.wi.us Educators and Mentors Pavel Pinkas, Ph.D., Senior Software Engineer for DNASTAR, Inc. 1763 Norman Way, Madison, WI, 53705 Work Phone: (608) 237-3068 Home Phone: (608) 957-2595 Fax: (608) 258-3749 E-Mail: pavelp@dnastar.com Brent Lillesand 4809 Jade Lane, Madison, WI 53714 Phone: (608) 241-9282 E-mail: blillesand@charter.net Michael Westphall, Ph. D. Phone: 608-520-3306 E-mail: mswestph@wisc.edu Jim Guither Phone: 608-239-5268 E-mail: jimguither@gmail.com -5- SLI 2013 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Section 508 Consultant: Ms. Ronda Solberg DNASTAR, Inc. (senior software designer) 3801 Regent St, Madison, WI 53705 E-Mail: rondas@dnastar.com Associated NAR Chartered Section #558 President: Mr. Scott T. Goebel Phone: (262) 634-3971 E-Mail: sgoebel@westrocketry.com WOOSH http://www.wooshrocketry.org Wisconsin Organization Of Spacemodeling Hobbyists (WOOSH) is a chartered section (#558) of the National Association of Rocketry. They assist Madison West Rocketry with launches, mentoring, and reviewing. -6- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Student Participants Delivery Team: responsible for vehicle design, flight safety parameters, altitude target, propulsion and launch operations JACK HAN TASHI Lead vehicle engineer, team leader Vehicle operations and safety Vehicle construction Deployment Team: responsible for deployment electronics, parachute selection and preparation, parachute and ejection charges calculation, ejection static testing OWEN MIA Recovery specialist Deployment specialist Telemetry Team: responsible for maintaining wireless contact with the rocket, receiving data from on-board GPS, avionics and payload, tracking and locating the rocket RICHARD COLIN Payload telemetry Tracking and recovery Payload Team: responsible for payload design, payload preflight preparations and activation, postflight payload data analysis CAITLIN ADRIAN Data collection and analysis Sensors operations -7- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Facilities and Equipment Facilities for Rocket Design and Testing 1. Planning, discussion, design concept and writing will occur at UW Madison, Dept. of Physics, Room #2223, located at Chamberlin Hall, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, on the weekends. 2. Construction of the rocket will occur at a workshop at 3555 University Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, on the weekends or as necessary. We have a 24/7 access to this facility. 3. Construction of the payload will also occur at a workshop at 3555 University Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, on the weekends. 4. Preparation of the payload contents will occur at a workshop at 3555 University Ave, Madison, Wisconsin, 53705, on the weekends. 5. Additional manufacturing of the payload and/or result analysis will occur at biology laboratories at Madison West High School, 30 Ash Street, Madison, Wisconsin, 53726, on weekdays, after school. 6. Team organizational meetings will occur during lunchtime every Monday in Room 365 of Madison West High School, 30 Ash Street, Madison, Wisconsin, 53726. 7. Launching of low-powered scale model rockets will occur on weekends from November through April, at Reddan Soccer Park located at 6874 Cross Country Road, Verona, Wisconsin, 53593. Large Model Rocket Launch notification will be made to comply with FAA regulations Part 101. NFPA code 1122 and NAR Model Rocket Safety Code will be followed during these launches. Mentors will supervise all launches. 8. Launching of high-powered rockets will occur at Richard Bong Recreational Area located in Southeast Wisconsin at 26313 Burlington Road, Kansasville, Wisconsin, 53189. We will obtain Power Rocket Altitude waivers from the FAA prior to high power launches. High power launches will coincide with the high power launch of WOOSH, Section 558 of the NAR. Mentors will supervise all launches. -8- Madison West High School Returning Team Scheduling and Facilities Risks Risks Consequences Workshop Unable to complete space construction of unavailable rocket and/or payload Design facilities Unable to complete unavailable project design/description Team members Unable to complete unavailable project SLI 2013 SOW Mitigation We will insure the availability of our workshop space for the times that we need it. We will also work at team members’ homes if necessary. We will insure the availability of our design facilities and work at team members’ homes if needed. We will plan meetings in advance and insure that enough team members will be present to allow sufficient progress. Table 1: Risks associated with scheduling and facilities Personnel Ms. Christine Hager Dr. Pavel Pinkas Mr. Jim Guither Dr. Michael Westphall Mr. Brent Lillesand Miss Amelie von Below Miss Suzanne Hanle Mr. Scott Goebel Main Advisor, Educational Supervisor NAR Mentor, Scientific Advisor NAR Mentor, ARW Graduate, Workshop Supervisor UW Dept. of Physics, Project Consultant NAR Mentor, Vehicle Construction Supervisor Student Mentor Student Mentor NAR Mentor, NAR Section 558 (WOOSH) Contact -9- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Equipment and Supplies EQUIPMENT POWER TOOLS SUPPLIES Soldering irons Drill press Band saws Hacksaws Dremel tool (with necessary attachments) Hand drill Hand saw Scroll saw Hydraulic press Jig saw Cyanoacrylate glue (superglue) Accelerator and de-bonder for superglue West Epoxy (resin, quick and slow hardener, various fillers) 5 Minute Epoxy Masking tape Wire strippers Table saw Electric tape Drill bits Belt sander Box cutters Table saw X-acto knives Sandpaper and sanding blocks Rulers and yardsticks Jig saw Router Batteries of varying size and voltage to power electronic components Various minor electronic components (resistors, capacitors, LEDs) JB Weld Glue Solder, flux Ring and C-clamps Pliers, clippers Phillips/flathead screwdrivers (various sizes) Vices of varying sizes Breathing masks (to be used when sanding or cutting fiberglass) Latex gloves, safety goggles First aid kit Ethyl-alcohol Isopropyl-alcohol ROCKET COMPONENTS G10 sheets of fiberglass Kevlar and tubular nylon shock cords Nomex Fabric Quick links Plywood centering rings, sheets, bulkheads Screws, nuts, Tnuts, washers, etc. 4-inch fiberglass tubing, 6-inch fiberglass tubing U-Bolts, I-Bolts Nose cone Lock’N’Load motor retention kit Rail buttons PerfectFlite altimeters PerfectFlite timers Parallax Propeller Chips and development kits Table 2: Various equipment that will be used in the construction of our rocket and payload -10- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Computer Equipment School Computers 500MHz-2GHz, 128MB-1GB RAM Windows 98, XP Student Personal Computers’ Range 1.3 - 3.6 GHz Intel dual to quad core processor 512mb - 8 GB RAM 40 GB – 1 TB Hard Drive Windows XP, Vista, Windows 7 Max OS X 10.6, 10.7, 10.8 Each team member owns a laptop Team has a field laptop loaned from the club for use during launches Web Hosting Our websites are hosted by HostGator (a commercial hosting company). Our club website can be found at http://westrocketry.com. Internet Connection School Computers - T3 connection for Internet Home – DSL 768Kbps-12.0Mbps (download), 256Kbps-3.0Mbps (upload) Computer Accessible Programs Adobe Creative Suite 4 Design Premium Edition Adobe After Effects CS5 Apple Final Cut Express Eclipse Java IDE, XCode, Propeller Tool Octave 3.2.2 Apogee RockSim 8 Open Rocket PCB Artist Solid Works Firefox, Safari, Chrome and Internet Explorer Browsers Google Sketchup 3D Design Microsoft Office 2003-2010 E-mail capability The team will be communicating via email. All SLI members have personal email accounts. There is also a group e-mail address that allows addressing the whole team by sending a message to a single e-mail address (sli2013n@westrocketry.com). This format has worked with great efficiency for the last five years. Presentation Simulation Software Microsoft Power Point 2003/2010 -11- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Video Teleconferencing (Webcasting) Our SLI 2013 team will use the UW Extension at the Pyle Center for Video Teleconferencing facilities. We prefer to use Webex teleconferencing software. Contact Dr. Rosemary Lehman for information about firewall issues. UW Extension Pyle Center 702 Langdon St. Madison WI, 53706 Fax: 608-236-4435 Phone: 608-262-7524 lehman@ics.uwex.edu -12- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Section 508 Compliance Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board Electronic and Information Technology (EIT) Accessibility Standards (36 CFR Part 1194) The team will implement required parts of Section 508, namely § 1194.21 Software applications and operating systems (all items) § 1194.22 Web-based intranet and internet information and applications (all items) § 1194.26 Desktop and portable computers (all items) o § 1194.23 Telecommunications products (items (k)(1) through (4)) as referenced by § 1194.26 The team carefully reviewed the above listed sections and consulted the same with two senior software engineers at DNASTAR, Inc. (a bioinformatics software company). Re: § 1194.21: The team is using MS Windows and Mac OS-X based computers. Both Microsoft and Apple are strong supporters of Section 508 and all installation of MS Windows and Mac OS-X are complete including the access assistive features. All third party software used in the SLI project is claimed as Section 508 compliant by the software company producing the software (Microsoft, Apple, and Adobe). Software and firmware developed by the students during the project will be verified for Section 508 compliance by senior software engineers from DNASTAR Inc. All found violations will be fixed prior software deployment. Re: § 1194.22: The rocket club website (http://www.westrocketry.com) has been checked for Section 508 compliance using various automated validators (such as http://section508.info). No violations have been found. The website specific to the proposed project will be periodically subjected to the same selection of tests and the webmaster will remove all found violations in a timely manner. Re: § 1194.26: All computers used by the team members and educators are Section 508 compliant. No computer has been modified beyond the manufacturer approved upgrades. -13- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Safety Written Safety Plan I. NAR Safety Requirements a. Certification and Operating Clearances: Mr. Lillesand holds a Level 3 HPR certification. Dr. Pinkas has a Level 1 HPR certification and plans on having a Level 2 HPR certification by the end of February 2013. Mr. Guither holds a level 1 HPR certification. He plans to complete his Level 2 by April 2013 and is our back-up launch supervisor. Mr. Lillesand has Low Explosives User Permit (LEUP). If necessary, the team can store propellant with Mr. Goebel, who owns a BATFE approved magazine for storage of solid motor grains containing over 62.5 grams of propellant. Mr. Lillesand is the designated individual rocket owner for liability purposes and he will accompany the team to Huntsville. Upon their successful L2 certification, Mr. Guither and Dr. Pinkas will become a backup mentors for this role. All HPR flights will be conducted only at launches covered by an HPR waiver (mostly the WOOSH/NAR Section #558 10,000ft waiver for Richard Bong Recreation Area launch site). All LMR flights will be conducted only at the launches with the FAA notification phoned in at least 24 hours prior to the launch. NAR and NFPA Safety Codes for model rockets and high power rockets will be observed at all launches. Mentors will be present at all launches to supervise the proceedings. b. Motors: We will purchase and use in our vehicle only NAR-certified rocket motors and will do so through our NAR mentors. Mentors will handle all motors and ejection charges. c. Construction of Rocket: In the construction of our vehicle, we will use only proven, reliable materials made by established manufacturers, under the supervision of our NAR mentors. We will comply with all NAR standards regarding the materials and construction methods. Reliable, verified methods of recovery will be exercised during the retrieval of our vehicle. Motors will be used that fall within the NAR HPR Level 2 power limits as well as the restrictions outlined by the SLI program. Lightweight materials such as fiberglass tubing and carbon fiber will be used in the construction of the rocket to ensure that the vehicle is under the engine’s maximum liftoff weight. The computer programs RockSim and Open Rocket will be utilized to help design and pretest the stability of our rocket so that no unexpected and potentially dangerous problems with the vehicle occur. Scale model of the rocket will be built and flown to prove the rocket stability. d. Payload: As our payload does not contain hazardous materials, it does not present -14- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW danger to the environment. However, our NAR mentors will check the payload prior to launch in order to verify that there will be no problems. e. Launch Conditions: Test launches will be performed at Richard I. Bong Recreation Area with our mentors present to oversee all proceedings. All launches will be carried out in accordance with FAA, NFPA and NAR safety regulations regarding model and HPR rocket safety, launch angles, and weather conditions. Caution will be exercised by all team members when recovering the vehicle components after flight. No rocket will be launched under conditions of limited visibility, low cloud cover, winds over 20mph or increased fire hazards (drought). II. Hazardous Materials All hazardous materials will be purchased, handled, used, and stored by our NAR mentors. The use of hazardous chemicals in the construction of the rocket, such as epoxy resin, will be carefully supervised by our NAR mentors. When handling such materials, we will make sure to carefully scrutinize and use all MSDS sheets and necessary protection (gloves, goggles, proper ventilation etc.). All MSDS sheets and federal/state/local regulation applicable to our project are available online at http://westrocketry.com/sli2013/safety/safety2013r.php III. Compliance with Laws and Environmental Regulations All team members and mentors will conduct themselves responsibly and construct the vehicle and payload with regard to all applicable laws and environmental regulations. We will make sure to minimize the effects of the launch process on the environment. All recoverable waste will be disposed properly. We will spare no efforts when recovering the parts of the rocket that drifted away. Properly inspected, filled and primed fire extinguishers will be on hand at the launch site. Cognizance of federal, state, and local laws regarding unmanned rocket launches and motor handling The team is cognizant and will abide with the following federal, state and local laws regarding unmanned rocket launches and motor handling: Use of airspace: Federal Aviation Regulations 14 CFR, Subchapter F, Part 101, Subpart C Handling and use of low explosives: Code of Federal Regulation Part 55 Fire Prevention: NFPA1127 Code for High Power Rocket Motors -15- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW All of the publications mentioned above are available to the team members and mentors via links to the online versions of the documents. http://westrocketry.com/sli2013/safety/safety2013r.php WRITTEN STATEMENT OF SAFETY REGULATIONS COMPLIANCE All team members understand and will abide by the following safety regulations: a. Range safety inspections of each rocket before it is flown. Each team shall comply with the determination of the safety inspection. b. The Range Safety Officer has the final say on all rocket safety issues. Therefore, the Range Safety Officer has the right to deny the launch of any rocket for safety reasons. c. Any team that does not comply with the safety requirements will not be allowed to launch their rocket. IV. Education, Safety Briefings and Supervision Mentors and experienced rocketry team members will take time to teach new members the basics of rocket safety. All team members will be taught about the hazards of rocketry and how to respond to them; for example, fires, errant trajectories, and environmental hazards. Students will attend mandatory meetings and pay attention to pertinent emails prior participation in any of our launches to ensure their safety. A mandatory safety briefing will be held prior each launch. During the launch, adult supervisors will make sure the launch area is clear and that all students are observing the launch. Our NAR mentors will ensure that any electronics included in the vehicle are disarmed until all essential pre-launch preparations are finished. All hazardous and flammable materials, such as ejection charges and motors, will be assembled and installed by our NAR-certified mentor, complying with NAR regulations. Each launch will be announced and preceded by a countdown (in accordance with NAR safety codes). V. Procedures and Documentation In all working documents, all sections describing the use of dangerous chemicals will be highlighted. Proper working procedure for such substances will be consistently applied, such as using protective goggles and gloves while working with chemicals such as epoxy. MSDS sheets will be on hand at all times to refer to for safety and emergency procedures. All work done on the building of the vehicle will be closely supervised by adult mentors, who will make sure that students use proper protection and technique when handling dangerous materials and tools necessary for rocket construction. -16- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Physical Risks Risks Saws, knives, Dremel tools, band saws Sandpaper, fiberglass Drill press Consequences Laceration Mitigation All members will follow safety procedures and use protective devices to minimize risk Abrasion Soldering iron Burns Computer, printer Workshop risks Electric shock All members will follow safety procedures and use protective devices to minimize risk All members will follow safety procedures and use protective devices to minimize risk All members will follow safety procedures to minimize risk All members will follow safety procedures to minimize risk All work in the workshop will be supervised by one or more adults. The working area will be well lit and strict discipline will be required Puncture wound Personal injury, material damage Table 3: Risks that would cause physical harm to an individual Toxicity Risks Risks Epoxy, enamel paints, primer, superglue Superglue, epoxy, enamel paints, primer Consequences Toxic fumes Toxic substance consumption Mitigation Area will be well ventilated and there will be minimal use of possibly toxic-fume emitting substances All members will follow safety procedures to minimize risk. Emergency procedure will be followed in case of accidental digestion. Table 4: Risks that would cause toxic harm to an individual Scheduling and Facilities Risks Risks Workshop space unavailable Design facilities unavailable Consequences Unable to complete construction of rocket and/or payload Unable to complete project Team members Unable to complete unavailable project Mitigation We will insure the availability of our workshop space for the times that we need it. We will also work at team members’ homes if necessary. We will insure the availability of our design facilities and work at team members’ homes if needed. We will plan meetings in advance and insure that enough team members will be present to allow sufficient progress. Table 5: Scheduling risks that would inhibit our progress on our project -17- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Rocket/Payload Risks Risks Consequences Unstable rocket Errant flight Improper motor mounting Damage or destruction of rocket. Weak rocket structure Propellant malfunction Rocket structural failure Engine explosion Parachute Parachute failure Payload Payload failure/malfunction Errant flight Launch rail failure Separation failure Parachutes fail to deploy Ejection falsely triggered Unexpected or premature ignition/personal injury/property damage Rocket is lost Recovery failure Transportation damage Possible aberrations in launch, flight and recovery. Mitigation Rocket stability will be verified by computer and scale model flight. Engine system will be integrated into the rocket under proper supervision and used in the accordance with the manufactures’ recommendations. Rocket will be constructed with durable products to minimize risk. All members will follow NAR Safety Code for High Powered Rocketry, especially the safe distance requirement. Attention of all launch participants will be required. Mentors will assemble the motors in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Parachute Packaging will be double checked by team members. Deployment of parachutes will be verified during static testing. Team members will double-check all possible failure points on payload. NAR Safety code will be observed to protect all member and spectators. Launch rail will be inspected prior each launch. Separation joints will be properly lubricated and inspected before launch. All other joints will be fastened securely. Proper arming and disarming procedures will be followed. External switches will control all rocket electronics. The rocket will be equipped with radio and sonic tracking beacons. Rocket will be properly packaged for transportation and inspected carefully prior to launch Table 6: Risks associated with the rocket launch -18- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Technical Design Technical Design We will use a single stage, J-class vehicle for our experiment. We will be investigating the effects of near sonic airspeeds on the behavior of sound waves. The project code name of the vehicle is Lodestar. The rocket will be constructed from fiberglass tubing, using balsa/G10 sandwich for fins. The rocket will be robust enough to endure 20g+ of acceleration and high power rocket flight and deployment stresses. To have a successful mission the rocket must reach (but not exceed) altitude of one mile (5280ft) AGL and the payload must record all data necessary for our experiment. The rocket will be 72 inches long, with a 4 inch diameter for payload and booster sections, and 2.6 inch diameter for the nose and recovery systems. It has estimated liftoff mass of 7.5 pounds. The proposed vehicle and propulsion options are discussed in detail below. The primary propulsion choice is a J-class motor with total impulse of 1291 Ns. The vehicle can launch from a standard size, 8ft launch rail. The rocket will use dual deployment to minimize drift. Vehicle Dimensions Entire Vehicle Figure 1: A two dimension schematic of the entire rocket. Stability margin for the entire vehicle is 1.88 calibers Vehicle Parameters Length [in] 72 Mass Diameter [lb] [in] 7.5 4 Motor Selection AT-J415W Stability Margin [calibers] 1.88 Thrust to weight ratio 12.2 Table 7: The rocket’s dimensions, stability, and primary propulsion The figure below shows all compartments and section of our rocket. The rocket separates into three tethered parts (nosecone, main parachute compartment (including deployment e-bay and the rest of the vehicle). We will use standard dual deployment triggered by two fully redundant PerfectFlite StratoLogger altimeters. -19- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Figure 1: 3D rendering of the Lodestar vehicle Part A B C D E F Description Nosecone Main parachute compartment Drogue parachute compartment Transition, air intake vents Payload compartment Motor mount and fin assembly Table 7: Major vehicle parts/compartments Motors Primary Motor Selection Based on the results of computer simulations we have selected Aerotech J415W (54mm) motor as our primary propulsion choice. Aerotech J800T (54mm) and Cesaroni J449BS (54mm) are our backup choices. Characteristic parameters for each motor are shown in the table below. Motor AT J415W AMW J475 CTI J449BS Diameter [mm] 54 54 54 Total Impulse [Ns] 1291 1235 1260 Burn Time [s] 3.04 2.76 2.76 Table 9: Motor Alternatives -20- Stability Thrust to Margin weight ratio [calibers] 1.88 12.6 1.76 14.4 1.93 13.6 Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW The graph below shows the simulated flight profile for the AT-J415W motor. The vehicle reaches the apogee of 5482ft sixteen seconds (16s) after the ignition. For the purpose of this preliminary simulation the coefficient of drag is set to Cd= 0.51. This result is obtained from the previous vehicles of a similar type (shoulder transition), and verified using Open Rocket software. Figure 3: Altitude vs. time graph for AT J415W motor. The entire rocket reaches 5482ft at 16s after ignition The simulations indicate a small overshoot of the target altitude (5,280ft AGL) however at this stage of the project we do not have enough information to decide whether this is a real issue or just a simulation artifact (in our experience, RockSIM and OpenRocket tend to provide rather optimistic apogee estimates). We will revise our simulations and make ballast decisions after we carry out both scale model and full scale vehicle test flights. Our final test flight before the SLI launch will use the same motor as we will use for our flight in Hunstsville to make sure that the rocket will not exceed the target altitude. Wind Speed vs. Altitude The effect of the wind speed on the apogee of the entire flight is investigated in the table below. Even under the worst possible conditions (wind speeds of 20mph, the NAR limit) the flight apogee will differ by less than 2% from the apogee reached in windless conditions. Wind Speed [mph] Altitude [ft] 0 5 10 15 20 5482 5474 5455 5435 5398 Table 10: Flight apogee vs. wind speed -21- Percent Change in Altitude 0.00% 0.10% 0.40% 0.80% 1.50% Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Thrust Profile The graph below shows the thrust profile for the J415W motor. The J415W motor quickly reaches its maximum thrust of 554Ns and remains at this thrust level for about 2.0s (the average thrust-to-weight ratio is 12.2). The rocket requires a standard eightfoot rail for sufficient stability on the pad and leaves the 8ft rail at about 59mph. Figure 4: Thrust vs. time graph. The motor delivers maximum thrust of just over 554 N and burns for 3.04s Velocity Profile According to the velocity profile (next graph), the rocket will reach maximum velocity of 644mph shortly before the burnout (3.04s). The rocket remains subsonic for the entire duration of its flight. Figure 5: Velocity vs. time graph. The motor burns out at 2.3s and the rocket reaches its maximum velocity of 644mph shortly before burnout. The rocket remains at subsonic speed range for entire duration of its flight. -22- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Acceleration Profile The graph below shows that the rocket will experience maximum acceleration of about 15g. Our rocket will be robust enough to endure the 20g+ acceleration shocks. Figure 6: Acceleration [g] vs. time [s] graph. The rocket experiences maximum acceleration of approximately 15g Mission Profile Chart Figure 7: Vehicle flight sequence - 1. Ignition, 2. Burnout at 3s and 2000ft AGL, 3. Apogee at 16s and 5,440ft (drogue parachute deployment), 4. Descent under drogue parachute to 700ft, 5. Main parachute deploys at 103s, 700ft, 6. Landing at 128s. -23- Madison West High School # Returning Team Altitude [ft] Event SLI 2013 SOW Time [s] Trigger Triggering Conditions Launch control Rocket ready for launch 1 Launch 0 0.00 2 Burnout 2000 3.00 3 Apogee 5482 16.00 4 Drogue Deployment 5482 16.00 Altimeter Apogee reached 5 Main Deployment 700 103.00 Altimeter 700ft reached 6 Landing 0 128.00 Table 11: Flight events, triggers and conditions -24- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Deployment and Recovery The rocket will use standard dual deployment technique for recovery. Two fully independent PerfectFlite Stratologger altimeters will be used to fire the ejection charges. Each altimeter will have its own power source, external arming switch and set of charges. The primary drogue charge will be fired at apogee (5,482ft) and the backup apogee charge will fire 1s after apogee. The main parachute will be deployed as field conditions require to prevent excessive drift, most likely at 700ft with backup charge following 200ft lower. The backup charges are 25% larger than primary charges. If the primary charge succeeds, the backup charge fires harmlessly into open air. The table below shows the estimated parachute sizes, descent rates and landing impact energy. As required, the rocket separates in no more than four tethered/independent sections (3 tethered sections and a separate payload in our case) and the impact energy is no more than 75ft-lbf for any of the parts (the impact energy for the entire rocket is 73ft-lbf). Parachutes The table below shows the parachutes sizes, required ejection charges, descent rates and impact energy. Parachute Drogue Main Diameter [in] 18 60 Descent Rate [fps] 65 28 Ejection Deployment Charge Altitude [g] [ft] 1.0 5482 2.0 700 Descent Weight [lbs] 5.98 5.98 Impact Energy [ft-lbf] 73 Table 8: Parachute sizes, ejection charges and descent rates Drift The following table shows the estimated drift of the rocket considering the descent rates in the table above (total flight time 119s). As required, neither the rocket nor the payload will not drift past 2,500ft at 15mph wind conditions. Wind Speed [mph] Drift [ft] 0 5 10 15 20 0 832 1665 2498 3331 Table 9: Drift distance -25- Drift [mi] 0 0.16 0.32 0.47 0.64 Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Universal Avionics Platform - System Hermes In order to speed-up development of our vehicles and payloads and to allow students to spend more time on the experiments, during past few years students from Madison West Rocketry have developed a universal and extensible payload-vehicle avionics platform named Hermes (the winged messenger). Beginning with 2011/2012 school year, system Hermes is being used in all Madison West Rocketry sounding rockets. The system has been flight-tested during Rockets For Schools 2011 launch and successfully used in our SLI 2012 projects. System Hermes provides the following functionality out-of-box: Altitude and 3D acceleration data (100Hz, 8x oversampling, 12 or 16bit) Flight phases analysis (detects takeoff, burnout, staging, apogee, landing) Full duplex serial communication between rocket and ground (900MHz XBee) 96KB of built-in memory for experimental data (expandable as needed) GPS location (transmitted to the ground station over wireless link) Telemetry link (for experimental data transmissions) Extension ports for payload controllers or other devices Regulated DC voltage to power other components (+5V, +3.3V) In this season we intent to use the Hermes system to drive the payload operations and to provide GPS tracking both for the payload and the vehicle. The system will not be used for deployment purposes this year (we will continue to rely on proven PerfectFlite StratoLogger altimeters). -26- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Performance Targets that Apply to Vehicle The following performance targets apply to the vehicle. These have been taken into account: 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.17 Target altitude Subsonic speed Reusable vehicle Maximum of 4 (four) separate sections Maximum preparation time of 2 (two) hours Minimum launch wait time of 1 (one) hour Launch rail compatibility 12V launch system compatibility No external launch circuitry Commercially available solid propulsion Maximum impulse of 2,560Ns Maximum amount of ballast (10% of vehicle liftoff weight) Test flights prior SLI launch in Huntsville Vehicle prohibitions All targets above are within defined constraints and will be satisfied as the project progresses. USLI targets do not apply as we are a high school teams. All performance targets are described in detail later in this document. -27- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Payload We will be investigating the effects of near sonic airspeeds on the behavior of sound waves. We will build a high velocity miniature wind tunnel in our rocket on the basis of the Bernoulli principle and de Laval nozzle. Intake tubes on the face of the rocket will scoop air into tubes inside the rocket. The air will be accelerated to near sonic speeds when it is funneled into a smaller chamber (de Laval nozzle). To compute airspeed inside the nozzle we will use a Venturi tube arrangement, measuring static pressure at the entrance, throat and exit from the nozzle. Figure 2: Bernoulli Principle – the velocity of fluid increases as the fluid enters smaller tube or decreases when the fluid enters larger tube (the total mass flowrate remains constant). In our experiment we will use a de Laval nozzle to create near sonic speeds of the air flowing through the nozzles. Whether the de Laval nozzle in our experimental setup can create “choked flow” (speed of Mach 1.0) or supersonic exit speeds remains subject to further research and experimentation. However, our experiment does not rely only on these phenomena. Current near sonic and supersonic wind tunnels have several severe limitations, namely the costliness of building and powering such wind tunnels. Sustaining high wind speeds takes immense amounts of power- about 50 MW per square meter of cross sectional area. Some wind tunnels such as the Lugwieg tube use less power but can only maintain supersonic wind speeds for a few seconds. By creating a near sonic wind tunnel in our rocket we propose an alternate, low-cost option for research of fluid behavior at very high speeds. -28- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW The basic unit of our experiment is an instrumented de Laval nozzle. At both ends of the nozzle is a microphone with a recording device for registering sound. In the throat of the nozzle is a sound generator (strong piezo beeper) that will emit short loud sound pulses at regular intervals. Three pressure sensors will measure static pressure in the nozzle: one at the entrance, another in the throat and the last in the exit portion of the nozzle. The readings from the pressure sensors will be used to determine the velocity of moving fluid (air). The drawing of the instrumented nozzle is on the figure below: Figure 3: Instrumented de Laval nozzle with sound generator in the middle, microphones at both ends and pressure sensors near the throat entrance, in the throat and in the exit portion. The sound pulses will be emitted at regular intervals and the microphones will record the sounds as it arrives. We expect to see volume change up to a possible absence of the sound on the upstream end as the speed of fluid approaches Mach 1. Because both the sound source (beeper) and the sound observers (microphones) are stationary, we should not observe frequency change due to a Doppler effect. Our vehicle will house the payload in its bottom part (entire recovery system is in the upper part of the vehicle). The payload will consists from 2-4 instrumented de Laval nozzles to provide redundancy in data collection should one or more of experimental units of them of them fail. We are also considering the possibility of modifying some of the nozzles (for example using smaller or larger throat diameter) and comparing the results. -29- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW The following picture shows how the payload is integrated in the bottom section of our rocket. Figure 4: Payload vehicle integration. Air enters through the intakes in conical transition, flows through the instrumented de Laval nozzles and exits through the bottom of the rocket, around the motor. The payload resides in the bottom section of the rocket, right above the motor mount. The air feeding the de Laval nozzles enters through openings in the conical transition, flows through the de Laval nozzles inside the rocket and exits the rocket via exhaust vents around the motor tube. Since the entire recovery system resides in the upper part of the rocket, there is no interference between payload and recovery. There is also no interference with the motor or fins. Experimental sequence is as follows: Figure 5: Experimental sequence: 1) rocket launches and G-switch activates the payload 2) Air rushes through the de Laval nozzles in the payload, sound generators send sound pulses recorded by microphones 3) When rocket reaches apogee, the drogue parachute is deployed and data recording ends; finally the rocket deploys main parachute at 700ft and lands safely. -30- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Measurements The entire experiment lasts only 20 seconds with the most interesting period (when the “choked flow” condition may develop and the airspeed inside de Laval nozzle will reach Mach 1.0) being only a few seconds. The pressure sensors can react to changes in a pressure within 1ms. We will emit a sound pulse every 10ms, thus emitting 100 pulses a second while sampling and recording all measured quantities 1000 times a second. Data and Correlations The following quantities will be measured and/or recorded: Independent Variables v Rocket velocity Constants A0 t0 c0 f0 Volume of emitted sound pulses Time interval between emitted sound pulses Total count of all pulses emitted Frequency of generated sound Dependent Variables w Au Ad tu td cu cd Velocity of fluid (air) at the throat of de Laval nozzle Volume of sound pulses recorded upstream Volume of sound pulses recorded downstream Time interval between recorded pulses upstream Time interval between recorded pulses downstream Total count of pulses recorded upstream Total count of pulses recorded downstream w will be computed from pressure difference measured by the three pressure sensors Primary Correlations w = f(v) air speed in nozzle throat as it depends on rocket speed Au, Ad = f(w) Volume change of recorded pulses as function of airspeed tu, td = f(w) Interval between arriving pulses as function of airspeed -31- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Hypotheses We make the following hypotheses: 1) No matter how high the rocket’s speed (always subsonic) will be, the speed in the nozzle throat will approach but not exceed Mach 1 (choked flow condition) 2) We expect the volume of pulses recorded downstream be higher than the volume of pulses recorded upstream 3) We expect the time interval between recorded pulses remain same as the interval at which pulses are emitted 4) We expect the downstream count of pulses be the same as the count of pulses emitted 5) Assuming the “choked flow” phenomena develops in the nozzle; we expect the upstream pulse count to be less than the count of emitted pulses. We may also lose pulses upstream if their volume drops below recordable level. 6) Since both the sound emitter and sound receivers are stationary, in their frame of reference, we should NOT observe frequency change due (Doppler effect). Post Flight Procedure After a successful flight and rocket/payload recovery, we will download the data from the payload. The data will be analyzed as described in Data Analysis Section and the final report (PLAR) will be compiled and submitted to NASA. -32- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Payload Performance Targets Compliance Our payload is compliant with all applicable performance targets (requirements). The performance targets together with details of our vehicle/payload compliance are listed below. -33- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Major Challenges and Solutions Our club has never undertaken project of this type and we expect it to be a very challenging endeavor. We will discuss all details of our payload design with experts at University of Wisconsin, Department of Physics, where we have received valuable help numerous times in past. Major Vehicle Challenges 1. Booster section alignment: The rocket has a transition from 4.0" payload section to 2.6" booster section. An utmost precision during construction is necessary to prevent misalignment of the booster tube. We will user laser beams to align the tubes and dry fit entire assembly before applying the epoxy glue. Post-assembly measurement will be used to prove the success. 2. Structurally complex payload section: With intakes vents placed in the transition and complex payload below the transition section, the rocket will be structurally complex. We will produce detailed drawings of the assembly and utilize 3D printing for production of the most complex parts. Great care will be exercised during the rocket construction to avoid costly mistakes. 3. Smaller compartments for recovery subsystems: the entire recovery subsystem is housed inside a 2.6” tube. We will need to use parachutes made from thinner nylon fabric and carry out several ejection tests to make sure that the recovery system can be ejected reliably. We will also utilize double length couplers to increase the robustness and improve fit in the upper section. 4. New type of vehicle: we have never before constructed a vehicle where the airflow enters the rocket via large vents. We expect that both aerodynamic stability and performance of the rocket will change and we plan to test the rocket extensively (starting with the subscale model that will have the same intake and flow-through-body features as the full scale vehicle). Major Payload Challenges and Solutions 1. Structurally complex payload: our payload is structurally complex and we plan to use a 3D printer to produce the most complicated and precision critical parts. 2. Noise from rushing air: we will be recording sound in or near the stream of extremely fast stream of air. This will undoubtedly produce noise that will make extraction of sound emitted in the middle of the nozzle more difficult. -34- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW We will consult with experts from University of Wisconsin when working on the detailed design of the instrumented de Laval nozzle. 3. Timely payload activation: the payload needs to activate as soon as the rocket starts moving. We will use finely tuned G-switch triggers to detect the liftoff. 4. False liftoff detection: maximizing the sensitivity of G-switch triggers for payload activation brings the problem of false positives in liftoff detection. To mitigate this issue we will only activate the G-switch triggers after the rocket has been placed on the pad and all personnel has retreated back. The Gswitch triggers will be activated remotely via wireless link. The payload will also use the wireless link to report the liftoff detection so we have an indication of false trigger condition and can reset the payload. 5. Data acquisition: we will be recording data at least 1000 times a second. We will need to use a fast processor (Parallax Propeller P8X32A is our first choice) and some of the firmware may have to be written in assembly language. 6. Data analysis: we will need to develop a strategy for analysis of recorded data and noise filtering. We will consult with experts from University of Wisconsin, Physics Dept., to achieve this goal. -35- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Performance Targets 1. 1.1. Vehicle Requirements The vehicle shall deliver the science or engineering payload to, but not exceeding, an apogee altitude of 5,280 feet above ground level (AGL). The current simulation predicts that the rocket will reach 5,418ft. The coefficient of drag is set to CD = 0.5. We have obtained this experimentally measured value from our previous experiments using a similar K-class delivery vehicle. The performance predictions will be updated as data from scale model flight and halfimpulse flight become available. If necessary, the rocket will be ballasted to prevent it from exceeding altitude of 1 mile. The amount of ballast will not exceed 10% of rocket liftoff weight. 1.2. (USLI Only) The vehicle shall carry one commercially available, barometric altimeter for recording of the official altitude used in the competition scoring. USLI target, not applicable to our project 1.2.1. The official scoring altimeter shall report the official competition altitude via a series of beeps to be checked after the competition flight in Huntsville. 1.2.2. Teams may have additional altimeters to control vehicle electronics and payload experiments. 1.2.2.1. At the Launch Readiness Review, a NASA official shall be able to mark the altimeter which will be used for the official scoring. 1.2.2.2. At the launch field, a NASA official shall be able to obtain the altitude by listening to the audible beeps reported by the altimeter. -36- Madison West High School 1.2.2.3. Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW At the launch field, to aid in determination of the vehicle’s apogee, all audible electronics, except for the official altitude-determining altimeter shall be capable of being turned off. 1.2.3. The following circumstances will warrant a score of zero for the altitude portion of the competition: 1.2.3.1. The official, marked altimeter is damaged and/or does not report an altitude via a series of beeps after the team’s competition flight. 1.2.3.2. The team does not report to the NASA official designated to record the altitude with their official marked altimeter on the day of the launch. 1.2.3.3. The altimeter reports an apogee altitude over 5,600 feet AGL. 1.3. The launch vehicle shall remain subsonic from launch until landing. Simulations predict maximum speed of 644mph. The vehicle will operate at subsonic speeds entire time from launch to landing. 1.4. The launch vehicle shall be designed to be recoverable and reusable. Reusable is defined as being able to be launched again on the same day without repairs or modifications. The vehicle is designed as reusable and can be launched several times a day. The maximum flight preparation time is 2 hours. 1.5. The launch vehicle shall have a maximum of four (4) independent sections. An independent section is defined as a section that is either tethered to the main vehicle or is recovered separately from the main vehicle using its own parachute. The vehicle consists of three tethered sections (nose cone, compartment housing both the payload and main parachute and the booster section). 1.6. The launch vehicle shall be capable of being prepared for flight at the launch site within 2 hours, from the time the Federal Aviation Administration flight waiver opens. The maximum preparation time for the rocket is 2 hours. The team will practice the vehicle preparation in order to assure their ability to ready the vehicle for launch within allocated time. -37- Madison West High School 1.7. Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW The launch vehicle shall be capable of remaining in launch-ready configuration at the pad for a minimum of 1 hour without losing the functionality of any critical on-board component. The launch vehicle can remain in launch ready configuration for several hours. The altimeters are rated for 24 hours waited time and the payload can remain in wait-state for 12 hours. Battery capacities and available standby time will be tested extensively during project development. 1.8. The vehicle shall be compatible with either an 8 feet long 1 in. rail (1010), or an 8 feet long 1.5 in. rail (1515), provided by the range. The vehicle is compatible both with 1010 and 1515 aluminum rails and the exit velocity from 8ft railed is 69mph (exceeding the recommended rail exit speed of 30mph) 1.9. The launch vehicle shall be capable of being launched by a standard 12 volt direct current firing system. The firing system will be provided by the Range Services Provider. The vehicle is using a solid motor which is ignited by a 12V compatible igniter. The vehicle can be launched from the standard 12V launch system. 1.10. The launch vehicle shall require no external circuitry or special ground support equipment to initiate launch (other than what is provided by the range). No external circuitry other than the standard 12V launch system is required to launch the vehicle. 1.11. The launch vehicle shall use a commercially available solid motor propulsion system using ammonium perchlorate composite propellant (APCP) which is approved and certified by the National Association of Rocketry (NAR), Tripoli Rocketry Association (TRA), and/or the Canadian Association of Rocketry (CAR). All three motor alternatives are solid motors with ammonium perchlorate propellant. All three motors considered for the project are certified by NAR, TRA and CAR. The primary motor choice is AT J415W. 1.12. (USLI Only) The total impulse provided by a USLI launch vehicle shall not exceed 5,120 Newton-seconds (L-class). This total impulse constraint is applicable to a single stage or multiple stages. USLI target, not applicable. -38- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW 1.13. (SLI Only) The total impulse provided by a SLI launch vehicle shall not exceed 2,560 Newton-seconds (K-class). This total impulse constraint is applicable to a single stage or multiple stages. None of the three motor alternatives considered for this project exceeds 2,560Ns impulse limit. The primary motor choice has total impulse of 1291Ns. 1.14. The amount of ballast, in the vehicle’s final configuration that will be flown in Huntsville, shall be no more than 10% of the unballasted vehicle mass. The ballast amount will not exceed 10% of unballasted vehicle mass. If it is necessary to decrease the apogee altitude, other methods will be considered before using ballast. If used, the ballast will be placed near the rocket’s center of gravity to prevent changes in aerodynamic stability of the vehicle. 1.15. All teams shall successfully launch and recover their full scale rocket prior to FRR in its final flight configuration. However, the purpose of the full scale demonstration flight is to demonstrate the launch vehicle’s stability, structural integrity, recovery systems, and the team’s ability to prepare the launch vehicle for flight. The following criteria must be met during the full scale demonstration flight: We plan to conduct at least one test of a subscale vehicle and two test flight of the full scale vehicle prior the launch in Huntsville. The final test flight will be in full vehicle/payload configuration using the full impulse motor. 1.15.1. The vehicle and recovery system shall have functioned as designed. The vehicle recovery system will be operated in full configuration on all planned test flight. 1.15.2. The payload does not have to be flown during the full-scale test flight. The following requirements still apply: We intend to have the payload fully functional for our final test flight. 1.15.2.1. If the payload is not flown, mass simulators shall be used to simulate the payload mass. Before the payload is ready for flight, payload will be simulated by mass simulators during test flights. 1.15.2.1.1. The mass simulators shall be located in the same approximate location on the rocket as the missing payload mass. -39- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Payload mass simulators, if used, will represent the predicted mass of the payload and will be located at the payload’s intended location within the vehicle to maintain the same mass distribution. 1.15.2.2. If the payload changes the external surfaces of the rocket (such as with camera housings or external probes) or manages the total energy of the vehicle, those systems shall be active during the full scale demonstration flight. Our payload changes external surface of the rocket (in the transition section) and we will be investigating the effect of the changes beginning with the subscale model test flight. The subscale model will constructed with the same features as the full scale vehicle and the full scale vehicle will have the surface changing features present for all test flights. 1.15.2.3. Unmanned aerial vehicles, and/or recovery systems that control the flight path of the vehicle, shall be flown as designed during the full scale demonstration flight. We do not utilize any unmanned aerial vehicle in our experiment. 1.15.3. The full scale motor does not have to be flown during the full scale test flight. However, it is recommended that the full scale motor be used to demonstrate full flight readiness and altitude verification. If the full scale motor is not flown during the full scale flight, it is desired that the motor simulate, as closely as possible, the predicted maximum velocity and maximum acceleration of the competition flight. We intend to fly our demonstration flight with the exactly same motor that will be used for our flight at the SLI launch in Huntsville. 1.15.4. The vehicle shall be flown in its fully ballasted configuration during the full scale test flight. Fully ballasted refers to the same amount of ballast that will be flown during the official flight in Huntsville (Refer to requirement 1.14). The vehicle will be fully ballast (if ballast is necessary) for the final full scale test flight. Requirement 1.14 will be observed. -40- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW 1.15.5. The success of the full scale demonstration flight shall be documented on the flight certification form, by a Level 2 or Level 3 NAR/TRA observer, and shall be documented in the FRR package. Mr. Brent Lillesand, Level 3 certified NAR/TRA observer will observe and document the full scale demonstration flight. 1.15.6. After successfully completing the full-scale demonstration flight, the launch vehicle or any of its components shall not be modified without the concurrence of the NASA Range Safety Officer (RSO). Except for necessary repairs, there will not be any changes made to the launch vehicle after the full scale demonstration flight. If any repairs are necessary, the NASA Range Safety Officer will be contacted before making any changes to the vehicle. 1.16. (USLI Only) The maximum amount teams may spend on the rocket and payload is $5000 total. The cost is for the competition rocket as it sits on the pad, including all purchased components. The fair market value of all donated items or materials shall be included in the cost analysis. The following items may be omitted from the total cost of the vehicle: ● Shipping costs ● Ground support equipment ● Team labor costs Not applicable, USLI target. 1.17. Vehicle Prohibitions 1.17.1. The vehicle shall not utilize forward canards. Vehicle does not have forward canards. 1.17.2. The vehicle shall not utilize forward firing motors. Vehicle does not utilize forward firing motors. 1.17.3. The vehicle shall not utilize motors which expel titanium sponges (Sparky, Skidmark, MetalStorm, etc.) Sparky motors are not used. 1.17.4. The vehicle shall not utilize hybrid motors. Hybrid motors are not used. -41- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW 1.17.5 The vehicle shall not utilize a cluster of motors, either in a single stage or in multiple stages. The vehicle is propelled by a single motor (no motor clustering). 2. 2.1. Recovery System Requirements The launch vehicle shall stage the deployment of its recovery devices, where a drogue parachute is deployed at apogee and a main parachute is deployed at a much lower altitude. Tumble recovery or streamer recovery from apogee to main parachute deployment is also permissible, provided that kinetic energy during drogue-stage descent is reasonable, as deemed by the Range Safety Officer. Dual deployment recovery method is used for the vehicle (drogue parachute deploys at apogee and main parachute 700ft (or other predetermined altitude). The vehicle has two fully independent and redundant deployment circuits. The backup charges are 25% larger than primary charges to increase the chance of deployment in the event of primary charge failure. 2.2. At landing, each independent sections of the launch vehicle (as described in requirement 1.5) shall have a maximum kinetic energy of 75 ft-lbf. The parachute sizes will be so chosen than no section of the rocket lands with kinetic energy greater than 75ft-lbf. 2.3. All independent sections of the launch vehicle shall be designed to land within 2,500 ft. of the launch pad, assuming a 15 mph wind. The deployment and recovery schedule will be so configured that no part of the rocket or the payload drifts beyond 2,500ft from the launch pad under 15mph wind speed conditions. 2.4. The recovery system electrical circuits shall be completely independent of any payload electrical circuits. The deployment and recovery circuitry is completely separated from the payload circuitry. 2.5. The recovery system shall contain redundant, commercially available altimeters. The term “altimeters” includes both simple altimeters and more sophisticated flight computers. The recovery system uses to fully independent and redundant altimeters. Each altimeter has its own external power switch, a dedicated power source and a separate set of ejection charges. Both altimeters will be active during the flight -42- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW however only one fully functional altimeter is required for successful deployment (full redundancy). 2.6. Each altimeter shall be armed by a dedicated arming switch which is accessible from the exterior of the rocket airframe when the rocket is in the launch configuration on the launch pad. Both recovery deployment altimeters are armed by an easily accessible external switch. 2.7. Each altimeter shall have a dedicated power supply. Each altimeter has its own dedicated power supply. The remaining capacity of each power supply is measured prior every launch. 2.8. Each arming switch shall be capable of being locked in the ON position for launch. All arming switches can be locked in ON position (no momentary switches). 2.9. Each arming switch shall be a maximum of six (6) feet above the base of the launch vehicle. All arming switches will be placed no higher than 6ft above the base of the rocket. Our rocket is just above 6ft tall and we estimate that the switches will be about 3ft above the rocket base. 2.10. Removable shear pins shall be used for both the main parachute compartment and the drogue parachute compartment. Removable shear pins will be used at all separation points. The shear pins will be tested during static ejection tests to assure that they will hold but interfere with the separation of the corresponding compartment. 2.11. An electronic tracking device shall be installed in the launch vehicle and shall transmit the position of the tethered vehicle or any independent section to a ground receiver. We will use both an on-board GPS receiver transmitting its location via wireless Xbee modem and a radio beacon both in the vehicle and the payload probe. 2.11.1. Any rocket section, or payload component, which lands untethered to the launch vehicle shall also carry an active electronic tracking device. Target satisfied within 2.11. 2.11.2. The electronic tracking device shall be fully functional during the official flight in Huntsville. -43- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW All tracking devices will fully operational during official flight in Huntsville and if possible for all full scale vehicle test launches. 2.11.3. Audible beepers may be used in conjunction with an electronic, transmitting device, but shall not replace the transmitting tracking device. We will use 140dB sonic beacon as an add-on tracking devices, however our primary tracking will be via GPS and radio beacon. 2.12. The recovery system electronics shall not be adversely affected by any other on-board electronic devices during flight (from launch until landing). There will be no interference between recovery deployment circuitry and payload or tracking circuitry. Shielding will be used as necessary. 2.12.1. The recovery system altimeters shall be physically located in a separate compartment within the vehicle from any other radio frequency transmitting device and/or magnetic wave producing device. The recovery system altimeters are housed in a dedicated e-bay, separate from all other electronics. 2.12.2. The recovery system electronics shall be shielded from all onboard transmitting devices, to avoid inadvertent excitation of the recovery system electronics. Shielding will be used as necessary. All electronics will be ground tested for possible interference. 2.12.3. The recovery system electronics shall be shielded from all onboard devices which may generate magnetic waves (such as generators, solenoid valves, and Tesla coils) to avoid inadvertent excitation of the recovery system. There are no magnetic waves generators on-board. 2.12.4. The recovery system electronics shall be shielded from any other onboard devices which may adversely affect the proper operation of the recovery system electronics. Shielding will be used as necessary. All electronics will be ground tested for possible interference. -44- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW 2.13. The recovery system shall use commercially available low-current electric matches for ignition of ejection charges. We will use low current e-matches (M-tek brand) for igniting the ejection charges. 2.14. Recovery System Prohibitions 2.14.1. Flashbulbs shall not be used for ignition of ejection charges. We are not using flashbulbs. 2.14.2. Rear ejection parachute designs shall not be utilized on the vehicle. We are not using rear ejection. 3. 3.1. Payload Requirements The launch vehicle shall carry a science or engineering payload following one of three options: 3.1.1. Option 1(USLI and SLI): The engineering or science payload may be of the team’s discretion, but shall be approved by NASA. NASA reserves the authority to require a team to modify or change a payload, as deemed necessary by the Review Panel, even after a proposal has been awarded. We have selected to use a payload measuring effect of air speed on propagation of sound. 3.1.2. Option 2 (USLI only): NASA Student Launch Projects is partnering with the NASA Reduced Gravity Education Flight Program (RGEFP) to offer a chance for one team to fly a micro gravity payload on the reduced gravity aircraft. The team chosen to participate will be the team that has demonstrated the highest level of fidelity in meeting the following requirements: Not applicable, USLI target. -45- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW 3.1.2.1. The team participating in SLP may be of any size, but the team during the RGEFP event is limited to 6 flyers (5 prime, 1 alternate) and 2 ground crew personnel. Team members shall be 18 years or older and US Citizens. Each flight crew member shall fly once. 3.1.2.2. Student experiments shall be organized, designed, and operated by student team members alone. 3.1.2.3. The payload shall be designed to fly on an SLP rocket, yet be scalable to fly on the RGEFP aircraft. 3.1.2.4. Payloads shall not involve human test subjects or invertebrate animals. 3.1.2.5. The payload shall be designed to fly twice on the reduced gravity aircraft. 3.1.2.6. The payload on the RGEFP aircraft shall weigh no more than 300 pounds. 3.1.2.7. The payload size limit on the RGEFP aircraft shall be no more than 24 in. by 60 in. by 60 in. 3.1.2.8. Payload experiments that are free-floating (not secured to the aircraft) shall be no more than 50 pounds and 24 in. on any side. -46- Madison West High School 3.1.2.9. Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW The selected team shall complete a medical questionnaire, flight program paperwork, Test Equipment Data Package six weeks prior to the flight, complete the Test Readiness Review, and spend 8 business days in Houston, Texas for flight week activities. 3.1.3. Option 3 (USLI Only): The Science Mission Directorate (SMD) at NASA Headquarters will provide a $2,780 sponsorship for up to six teams that choose to design a payload that demonstrates the highest level of fidelity in meeting the following requirements: Not applicable, USLI target. 3.1.3.1. The payload shall gather data for studying the atmosphere during descent and after landing, including measurements of pressure, temperature, relative humidity, solar irradiance and ultraviolet radiation. 3.1.3.2. Measurements shall be made at least every 5 seconds during descent. 3.1.3.3. Measurements shall be made every 60 seconds after landing. 3.1.3.4. Surface data collection operations shall terminate 10 minutes after landing. 3.1.3.5. The payload shall take at least 2 pictures during descent and 3 after landing. 3.1.3.6. The payload shall remain in an orientation during descent and after landing such that the pictures taken portray the sky toward the top of the frame and the ground toward the bottom of the frame. 3.1.3.7. The data from the payload shall be stored onboard and transmitted wirelessly to the team’s ground station at the time of completion of all surface operations. 3.1.3.8. Separation of payload components at apogee will be allowed, but not advised. Separating at apogee increases the risk of drifting outside the recovery area. -47- Madison West High School 3.1.3.9. Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW The payload shall carry a GPS tracking unit. 3.1.3.10. Minimum separation altitude shall be 2,500 feet AGL. 3.2. Data from the science or engineering payload shall be collected, analyzed, and reported by the team following the scientific method. We will thoroughly analyze and document all data collected by our payload. Post Launch Assessment Report will be sent to NASA after our final launch in Huntsville. The hypothesis and analytical methods are described earlier in this document. 3.3. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) payloads of any type shall be tethered to the vehicle with a remotely controlled release mechanism until the RSO has given the authority to release the UAV. We are not using an unmanned aerial vehicle in our experiment. 3.4. Any payload element which is jettisoned during the recovery phase, or after the launch vehicle lands, shall receive real-time RSO permission prior to initiating the jettison event. There are no payload element being jettisoned out of the vehicle in our experiment. 3.5. The science or engineering payload shall be designed to be recoverable and reusable. Reusable is defined as being able to be launched again on the same day without repairs or modifications. The payload has its own tracking capabilities (to facilitate recovery) and can be flown several times a day (the maximum payload preparation time is 2 hours). -48- Madison West High School 4. 4.1. Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW General Requirements Each team shall use a launch and safety checklist. The final checklist shall be included in the FRR report and used during the Launch Readiness Review and launch day operations. We will a launch and safety checklist for each launch. The checklists will be checked and improved during each test launch. All checklist will be included in our Flight Readiness Review. 4.2. Students on the team shall do 100% on the project, including design, construction, written reports, presentations, and flight preparation with the exception of assembling the motors and handling black powder charges (to be done by the team’s Level 2 or 3 mentor). Students will do 100% of work on the project, we will write the documentation and presentations and present the project during teleconferences. Mr. Brent Lillesand is the Level 3 mentors for the team and he will handle all motor and ejection charge assembly. 4.3. The team shall provide and maintain a project plan to include, but not limited to the following items: project milestones, budget and community support, checklists, personnel assigned, educational engagement events, and risks and mitigations. A project plan will be maintained and update as project progresses. Mr. Jim Guither is the workshop supervisor and will help students to schedule workshop time and tools usage. 4.4. Each team shall identify a “mentor” which is defined as an adult who is included as a team member, who will be supporting the team (or multiple teams) throughout the project year, and may or may not be affiliated with the school, institution, or organization. The mentor shall have been certified by the National Association of Rocketry (NAR) or Tripoli Rocketry Association (TRA) for the motor impulse of the launch vehicle, and the rocketeer shall have flown and successfully recovered (using electronic, staged recovery) a minimum of 15 flights in this or a higher impulse class, prior to PDR. The mentor is designated as the individual owner of the rocket for liability purposes and must travel with the team to the launch in Huntsville, AL. One travel stipend will be provided per mentor regardless of the number of teams he or she supports. The stipend will only be provided if the team passes FRR and the team attends launch week in April. Mr. Brent Lillesand is the mentor for the team. He is Level 3 certified and satisfies all requirements listed above. He will accompany team to the Huntsville launch. -49- Madison West High School 4.5. Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW The team shall identify all team members (exception Foreign National team members—see item 4.6) attending launch week activities by the Critical Design Review (CDR). Team members shall include: Team members and their roles are listed in the beginning of this document. 4.5.1. Students actively engaged in the project throughout the entire year (minimum 12 years of age). All students are older than 12 years and will be engaged in the project for its entire duration. 4.5.2. One mentor (see requirement 4.4). Mr. Brent Lillesand is the mentor for the team. 4.5.3. No more than two adult educators. Ms. Christine Hager and Mr. Jim Guither are the team’s educators. 4.6. Foreign National (FN) team members shall be identified by the Preliminary Design Review (PDR) and may or may not have access to certain activities during launch week due to security restrictions. In addition, FN’s may be separated from their team during these activities. There are no foreign nationals students on the team. 4.7. During test flights, teams shall abide by the rules and guidance of the local rocketry club’s RSO. The allowance of certain vehicle configurations and/or payloads at the NASA SLP launch does not give explicit or implicit authority for teams to fly those certain vehicle configurations and/or payloads at local club launches. Teams should communicate their intentions to the local club’s Prefect and RSO before attending any NAR or TRA launch. We will cooperate with local sections (Tripoli Wisconsin and NAR Section #558) during our test launches. We have been attending their launches for 8 years and most of our test flights were launched there. -50- Madison West High School 4.8. Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW The team shall engage a minimum of 100 middle school students or educators in educational, hands-on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) projects by FRR. Our education engagements plan includes over 300 students from local elementary and middle schools. 4.8.1. Comprehensive feedback on the activities and an educational engagement form shall be completed and submitted within two weeks after completion of an event. A sample of the educational engagement form can be found on page 31. We will submit the feedback form for each of our educational engagement events within two weeks from the event date. 4.9. The team shall develop and host a Web site for documentation of all project components. The WEB presence for the team will be developed on schedule and updated throughout the entire project. 4.9.1. Teams shall post, and make available for download, the required deliverables to the Web site by the due dates specified in the project timeline All deliverables will be posted online as required by the project schedule. -51- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Educational Engagement Community Support After nine years of the club’s existence, we are well known at various departments of the UW and many researchers are eager to work with us. During our seven years of participation in SLI we have met with a number of people from various departments within the University of Wisconsin-Madison, including Professor McCammon from the department of Physics, Professor Eloranta from the department of Atmospheric Sciences, Professor Pawley from the department of Zoology, and Professors Anderson and Bonazza from the department of Mechanical Engineering. Last year we have added Prof. Fernandez and Prof. Gilroy from the Department of Botany, and Prof. Masson from the Department of genetics and this year Prof. Ozdogan from the Nelson Institute for Sustainability and Global Environment expressed his interest to work with our students.These contacts have been incredibly helpful in designing and refining our original experimental ideas and creating an experiment that will return meaningful data. Last year we have finally achieved official affiliation with UW Madison and our research meetings are now held in Chamberlin Hall, Dept. of Physics. This provides us with state of art classroom, including projection technology and document camera that we can use during our meeting. Every year we raise funds by raking leaves during autumn in local neighborhoods. We find this is an excellent way to earn the support of the community and increase our visibility. The club also provides a steady stream of volunteers for public television and public radio fundraising drives. While this is not a direct display of our work or interests, it gives us the opportunity to provide public service in the name of our club. In 2009 many club members gave back to the community by helping build a fence in the local soccer park where we also happen to launch our TARC practice flights in the winter. We are currently discussing other soccer park improvements with their management. In 2012 we have won TARC national contest for second time in our club history. This has brought our club into spotlight and we have received communications from senators, mayor, Dane County board and others. NBC channel broadcasted a 4 minute documentary about our club and Wisconsin State Journal printed a full length article. We are also scheduled for an hour long show at local community radio station (WORT 89.9FM). We have established our Twitter and Facebook presence and at peak times our postings reach over 2,000 people. -52- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Outreach Programs Each year we participate in many educational engagement opportunities, such as helping sizeable groups of young children at the local middle schools to build and fly Alka-Seltzer powered rockets. We launched about 300 rockets for an audience of about 150 kids during this program, as well as displaying some of our TARC, SLI and R4S rockets. We will also be participating in our annual “Raking for Rockets” program, where we rake community lawns in order to simultaneously bring about an increased awareness in rocketry, and raise the funds necessary for our TARC and SLI programs. Besides these programs, we also recruited new members for our club at Madison West High School (our current membership is above 50 students mark) in a number of recruitment events which included the daily announcements, organized recruitment events , and posters throughout the school advertising the location and time of the first informational meeting. The new members will participate in TARC, along with a few returning members from our SLI teams. TARC club meetings provide interested new members learning about the basics of rocket design, building, and operation. The table below show the outreach programs that plan for this year. The programs target primarily elementary and middle schools. We will most likely add several events to this program as the year progresses (we have became well known for our outreach activities and we are already receiving requests from schools and organization that we have never worked with before). Date School Outreach Sept. 28, 2012 Randall Elementary Dec. 8, 2012 Eagle Elementary Jan 26, 2013 Lincoln Elementary Feb. 15, 2013 O’Keefe Middle School Mar. 9, 2013 Randall Elementary Apr. 13, 2013 Lincoln Elementary School Homecoming Parade Alka-Seltzer Rockets Alka-Seltzer Rockets Super Science Saturday (AlkaSeltzer Rockets) Super Science Saturday (Alka-Seltzer Rockets) Pneumatic Rockets Table 10: Planned outreach events. -53- # of People (estimate) 100 50 50 50 100 50 Total: 450 Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Project Plan Schedule 1 31 27 30 4 11 22 29 5 7-16 10 24-25 3 8-9 10 15-16 24-31 12-13 14 19-20 23-Feb. 1 2-3 9-10 11 23-24 8-9 15-16 18 AUGUST 2012 Request for Proposal (RFP) goes out to all teams SLI Proposal due to NASA (electronically) SEPTEMBER 2012 Schools notified of selection PDR work begins OCTOBER 2012 Team teleconference Preliminary Design Review (PDR) question and answer session Web presence established for each team PDR reports, presentation slides, and flysheet posted on team website by 8am C.T. NOVEMBER 2012 Acquire parts for subscale model and payload prototype PDR Presentations Subscale model construction begins Payload design reviews DECEMBER 2012 Critical Design Review (CDR) question and answer session Subscale model ejection tests, test flights, flight data analysis Acquire parts and supplies for full scale vehicle construction Full scale vehicle construction begins Winter break JANUARY 2013 Full scale vehicle construction completed CDR reports presentation, and flysheet posted on team website by 8am C.T. Full scale vehicle half impulse test flight, flight data analysis CDR presentations FEBRUARY 2013 Payload construction begins Full scale vehicle revisions for full impulse test flight Flight Readiness Review (FRR) question and answer session Full scale vehicle full impulse flight, flight data analysis MARCH 2013 Payload progress review Payload construction completed FRR reports presentation, and flysheet posted on team website by 8am C.T. -54- Madison West High School 23-24 25- Apr. 3 6-7 13-14 17 18-19 20 21 6 17 Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Full scale vehicle with payload test flight, flight/payload data analysis Flight Readiness Review presentation APRIL 2013 Final vehicle and payload adjustments Packing for trip to Huntsville, AL 5pm all teams arrive in Huntsville, AL 5:30pm Team lead meeting 6:30pm Launch Readiness Reviews (LRR) begins Welcome to MSFC/LRR continue Launch Day Launch Day Rain Day MAY 2012 Post-Launch Assessment Review (PLAR) posted on the team website by 8:00 a.m. Central Time Winning USLI team announced Table 11: Timeline of SLI 2013 The schedule is subject to changes as the launch windows for 2013 are not confirmed yet (the schedule shows our best estimate based on the launch site schedule from previous years). -55- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Budget Vehicle Tubing, nosecone, bulkheads, rings Fin Material (G10 Fiberglass) Paint and Primer PerfectFlite StratoLogger Altimeter (x 2) Motor Retention Parachutes, recovery gear Epoxy Walston Beacon GPS Miscellaneous supplies (tools, batteries, wires, hardware) $200.00 $100.00 $50.00 $200.00 $50.00 $100.00 $100.00 $150.00 $100.00 $200.00 Scale Model Paper Tubing Parachute and shock cords Fin Material (G10 Fiberglass) $150.00 $100.00 $ 50.00 Motors Scale Model Motors Full Scale Test Flight Motors $50.00 $ 350.00 Payload Main Computer G sensor Pressure Sensors Beepers, microphones Accelerometer, GPS 3D printing supplies $ 200.00 $ 10.00 $100.00 $100.00 $200.00 $ 300.00 Total $ 2,860.00 Table 12 : Budget for 2012-13 SLI Program (* - already in possession) Flight $400/Person * 11 People $4,400.00 Rooms $119/Room * 6 Rooms * 5 Nights $2,975.00 Car Rental (Ground Support Vehicle) $500 rental+ $600 gas $1100.00 Total $8,475.00 Cost per Team Member $ Table 13: Budget for the travel to Huntsville, AL -56- 941.67 Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Madison West Rocket Club has sufficient money earning opportunities (raking leaves/yardwork, donations from families or mentors) to cover for possible discrepancies between the estimated budget and actual project expenses. Additionally, it is our policy to provide necessary economic help to all SLI students who cannot afford the travel expenses associated with the program. Every year we award several full expense travel scholarships both to our SLI and TARC students. The monetary amounts and the names of recipients are not disclosed. -57- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Educational Standards A) Wisconsin’s Model Academic Standards English/Language Arts Reading and Literature A.12.4 Students will read to acquire information • Analyze and synthesize the concepts and details encountered in informational texts such as reports, technical manuals, historical papers, and government documents • Draw on and integrate information from multiple sources when acquiring knowledge and developing a position on a topic of interest Writing B.12.1 Create or produce writing to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes • Prepare and publish technical writing such as memos, applications, letters, reports and resumes for various audiences, attending to details of layout and format as appropriate to purpose B.12.2 Plan, revise, edit and publish clear and effective writing. Oral Language C.12.1 Prepare and deliver formal oral presentations appropriate to specific purposes and audiences Language D.12.1 Develop their vocabulary and ability to use words, phrases, idioms, and various grammatical structures as a means of improving communication Media and Technology E.04.3 Create products appropriate to audience and purpose • Write news articles appropriate for familiar media E.12.1 Use computers to acquire, organize, analyze, and communicate information Research and Inquiry F.12.1 Conduct research and inquiry on self-selected or assigned topics, issues, or problems and use an appropriate form to communicate their findings. • Formulate questions addressing issues or problems that can be answered through a well defined and focused investigation • Use research tools found in school and college libraries, take notes collect and classify sources, and develop strategies for finding and recording information • Conduct interviews, taking notes or recording and transcribing oral information, then summarizing the results • Develop research strategies appropriate to the investigation, considering methods such as questionnaires, experiments and field studies • Organize research materials and data, maintaining a note-taking system that includes summary, paraphrase, and quoted material • Evaluate the usefulness and credibility of data and sources by applying tests of evidence including bias, position, expertise, adequacy, validity, reliability, and date -58- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW • Analyze, synthesize, and integrate data, drafting a reasoned report that supports and appropriately illustrates inferences and conclusions drawn from research • Present findings in oral and written reports, correctly citing sources Mathematics Mathematical Processes A.12.4 Develop effective oral and written presentations employing correct mathematical terminology, notation, symbols, and conventions for mathematical arguments and display of data A.12.5 Organize work and present mathematical procedures and results clearly, systematically, succinctly, and correctly Number Operations and Relationships B.12.6 Routinely assess the acceptable limits of error when • evaluating strategies • testing the reasonableness of results • using technology to carry out computations Geometry C.12.1 Identify, describe, and analyze properties of figures, relationships among figures, and relationships among their parts by constructing physical models C.12.2 Use geometric models to solve mathematical and real-world problems C.12.5 Identify and demonstrate an understanding of the three ratios used in right triangle trigonometry Measurement D.12.1 Identify, describe, and use derived attributes (e.g., density, speed acceleration, pressure) to represent and solve problem situations D.12.2 Select and use tools with appropriate degree of precision to determine measurements directly within specifies degrees of accuracy and error Statistics and Probability E.12.1 Work with data in the context of real-world situations by • Formulating hypotheses that lead to collection and analysis of one and two variable data • Designing a data collection plan that considers random sampling, control groups, the role of assumptions, etc. • Conducting an investigation based on that plan • Using technology to generate displays, summary statistics, and presentations Algebraic Relationships F.12.2 Use mathematical functions (e.g., linear, exponential, quadratic, power) in a variety of ways, including • using appropriate technology to interpret properties of their graphical representations (e.g., intercepts, slopes, rates of change, changes in rates of change, maximum, minimum) F.12.4 Model and solve a variety of mathematical and real-world problems by using algebraic expressions, equations, and inequalities -59- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Science Science Connections A.12.3 Give examples that show how partial systems, models and explanations are used to give quick and reasonable solutions that are accurate enough for basic needs A.12.5 Show how the ideas and themes of science can be used to make real-life decisions about careers, work places, life-styles, and use of resources Science Inquiry C.12.2 Identify issues from an area of science study, write questions that could by investigated, review previous research on these questions, and design and conduct responsible and safe investigations to help answer the questions C.12.6 Present the results of investigations to groups concerned with the issues, explaining the meaning and implications of the results, and answering questions in terms the audience can understand Motions and Forces D.12.7 Qualitatively and quantitatively analyze changes in the motion of objects and the forces that act on them and represent analytical data both algebraically and graphically Science Applications G.12.1 Identify personal interests in science and technology, implications that these interests might have for future education, and decisions to be considered G.12.2 Design, build, evaluate, and revise models and explanations related to the earth and space, life and environmental, and physical sciences B) National Science Education Standards Science and Technology (9-12) Content Standard E Students should develop • Abilities of technological design • Understanding about science and technology Science as Inquiry (9-12) Content Standard A Students should develop • Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry • Understandings about scientific inquiry -60- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Sustainability The rocketry program at Madison West High School is now in its ninth year, and it provides a strong, compelling incentive for students to research unique science concepts and enhance their problem-solving skills. Incoming students are enrolled in the TARC program, where they attend classroom sessions taught by the mentors in order to learn the basic rocketry knowledge and methodologies essential to the contest. Rockets for Schools is the latest rocketry contest that our club has entered. For it, students are given a high-power rocket kit and asked to design a scientific payload to be flown from Sheboygan, WI over Lake Michigan. Not only does this project offer good training for the process of obtaining an SLI grant, it also gives an additional activity option to first-year club members: while they are not allowed to participate in SLI, our highest-level project, they may participate in the R4S competition. We have modeled our R4S program after the SLI program, placing emphasis on the scientific project and development process. All R4S students are encouraged to seek L1 HPR certification as a part of the R4S program. Our first three R4S teams (2010 (3rd place), 2011 (2nd place), 2012 (1st place)) consisted of all first-year members, and their high scores won additional SLI invitations for the club for 2011, 2012 and 2013 seasons. Madison West Rocketry actively recruits new members in the fall season: the Freshman Club Carnival, West Fest, Homecoming parade, and daily announcements, all showcase our club’s achievements, appealing to interested individuals. We collaborate extensively with experts at the University of Wisconsin (UW). During our meetings we are able to have analytical discussions with professionals regarding the feasibility and limitations of various potential experimental payloads. We have developed such relationships with eight different departments; this variety provides us with experiences perspectives on our design and objectives. We now have five committed mentors who aid our group throughout all the stages of our well-established rocketry program. They patiently teach us and guide us in the planning, processing, writing, building, organization, and launching of our project. Our mentors dedicate much time and effort throughout the year- we greatly value their compassion and support. An increasing number of parents are taking interest in supporting our club’s meetings, fundraisers, outreach projects, and launches. They provide us with food and transportation during the cold winter events and launches, and are a great source of encouragement. This year we are rebuilding and improving our workshop space. We have installed a ventilation system and replaced aging tools, such as drill presses, band saws, routers and belt sanders. We have allocated money for purchase of 3D printer and we have -61- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW received several donations of computers that will be used for 3D design, flight simulations and other tasks as necessary. Mr. Jim Guither is leading the workshop renovation efforts and he has secured free software licenses for SolidWorks. Our 2011 alumni, Mr. John Schoech (SLI2008, SLI 2009, SLI2010, currently at Stanford University) will serve as a consultant for automated parts fabrication. -62- Madison West High School Returning Team Appendices Appendix A: Resume for Adrian Education Shorewood Hills Elementary School (2001-2007) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2007-2010) Madison West High School (2010-Present) Activities Rocketry Rocket Club (2011-present) 2010 TARC participant 2011 Rockets for Schools, 2nd place 2012 SLI (Project Diffusion) 2012 Rockets for Schools junior mentor Sports Shorewood Hills Swim Team (2002-present) Madison West Men’s Swimming (2010-present) Madison West Men’s Cross Country (2010-present) Languages English Spanish (5 years) Volunteering Community Service with Madison West Rocket Club Community service with First Unitarian Society of Madison Volunteering at Saint Vincent De Paul food pantry Advanced/Honors Classes Algebra honors (7th grade) Geometry honors (8th grade) Algebra 2 Trigonometry honors (9th grade) Pre-Calculus honors (10th grade) AP Calculus AB (11th grade) Biology honors (9th grade) English 2 Honors (10th grade) AP Computer Science (11th grade) -63- SLI 2013 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team Appendix B: Resume for Caitlin Academic Experience Franklin Elementary School (2001-04) Randal Elementary School (2004-07) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2007-10) Madison West High School (2010-now) Languages: French (2 years) Latin (3rd year) Achievements: Future Problem Solvers International 2nd place individual (2010) Team America Rocketry Challenge Finals (2011) Science Olympiad Nationals (2010) Extracurricular and Clubs Music Madison West Symphony Orchestra (2011) Private violin lessons (2006-now) Private piano lessons (summers 2009-now) Rocketry West Rocketry Club (2010-now) TARC Finals (2011) SLP Project Diffusion (2012) Rockets for Schools 2nd place (2011) Sports Gymnastics (2000-now) Soccer (2000-2012) Track (2009-now) Volunteer Work: Monroe Street Fine Art’s Center (2011) Peer Tutorial (2011-now) Community Service with Madison West Rocket Club (2010-now) Clubs Gay Strait Alliance (2010-now) Peer Partners (2010-now) Math team (2009-now) Rocket Club (2010-now) -64- SLI 2013 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix C: Resume for Colin Academic Experience The Lane School (2000-2001) Flynn Park Elementary School (2001-2006) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2006-2009) Madison West High School (2009-present) Languages: English, French (6th Year) Extracurricular Activities and Clubs West High Student Council- Fundraising Coordinator West High Student Support Foundation (SSF) Co-President West High Sheepshead Club Peer Tutoring Program Rocketry Madison West Rocket Club (2010-present) 2010 Team America Rocketry Challenge Finalist Rockets For Schools: 2nd Place (2011) Member of SLI Project Vibrations (2011-12) Sports Madison West Baseball Madison West Tennis Madison West Varsity Soccer MadNorSki Cross Country Ski Team Music Piano (2001-2004) French Horn (2006-2009) Guitar (2006-present) Achievements Honor Roll (2006-Present) Organized MSCR Volleyball Team West Madison Little League All-Star Team Hamilton Pride Award Work Experience Intern in Professor Rob Nowak’s Signal Processing Lab (Summer 2011) Volunteer Experience West High Peer Tutoring Program West High Rocket Club Youth Outreach -65- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Wisconsin Public Television Fundraising Drive Volunteer Student Conservation Association National Crew Member (Summers of 2011 and 2012) Total of 360 service hours maintaining trails in California and Alaska Interests Soccer, Baseball, Guitar, Reading, Conservation, Backpacking -66- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix D: Resume for Hanwook Academic Experience Academic Experience Ho-Su Elementary School (2001~2006) Bak-Suk Middle School (2007~2008) Saipan International School (2008~2009) Madison West High School (2009~Present) Language: Korean, English (4th year), Japanese (3rd year) Activities and Achievements Rocketry - TARC Finalist (2011) - TARC National First Place (2012) - International Rocketry Challenge Silver medal(2012) - SLI(P) Junior Team (2011 ~ 2012) - SLI(P) Senior Team (2012 ~ 2013) Music - Cello (2004~2006) - Piano (2002~2004) - Guitar (2011~Present) - 2nd place in Middle School city orchestra competition - Member of WYSO (2010~Present) - Church Youth Group Praising team Leader - Church Choir Bass - Ukulele (2008~Present) - MVST(Men’s Varsity Singing Team) Bass singer Sports - Madison West Basketball Team (2009~Present) - Saipan International school Junior Varsity Basketball Team (2008) - Madison West Track Team (2011~Present) - Middle School City Competition Track 1st Place in 100m dash, 200m das h, and 400m relay (2001~2008) - Swimming Team (2001 ~ 2007) Others - Teacher Assistant at Korean Language School (2009~Present) - Making Food for poor (2006~2007) - Church Youth Group Vice President - Honor Roll (2006~Present) - Graduation Speech at Saipan International School - Madison West Varsity Math Team - Member of the The National Society of High School Scholary - Imaginitive Drawing Competition City 1st place (elementary school) -67- Madison West High School Returning Team Appendix E: Resume for Jack Education Waynewood Elementary (2001-March 2004) Franklin Elementary (March 2004- June 2004) Randall Elementary (2004-2007) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2007-2010) West High School- currently sophomore (2010-present) Languages English, Latin (2nd year) Activities and Clubs Rocketry Madison West Rocket Club (2010-present) TARC Nationals Participant (2010) R4S 2nd place (2010) SLI (2012/2013) Other Future Problem Solvers (2005-2010) 1st place state (2006/2007) 3rd place state (2008) 5th place International (2007) Band (2007-2011) Mock Trial (2009) West High Freshman Baseball (2010) Peer Tutorial (2011) Honors Classes Algebra 1 Honors (7th grade) Geometry Honors (8th grade) Algebra 2 Honors (9th grade) Accelerated Biology (9th grade) English 2 Honors (10th grade) Western Civ Honors (10th grade) AP Computer Science (11th grade) -68- SLI 2013 SOW Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix F: Resume for Mia Academic Experience Franklin Elementary (2001-2004) Randall Elementary (2004-2007) Asagao Japanese Language School (2004-2007) Hamilton Middle School (2007-2010) Hoshuko Japanese Language School (2008-2010) West High School (2010-present) Languages Fluent in English and Japanese Rocketry Experience West Rocketry Club (2010-present) Qualified for TARC finals (2010-2011) Second place at Rockets for Schools (2010-2011) SLI 2012 Music Piano Group Classes (2001-2008) Private Piano Lessons (2008-2012) Private Viola Lessons (2012) School Orchestra - Viola (2005-present) Volunteering Volunteering at Hoshuko Japanese Language School (2010-present) Outreach through West Rocketry Club (2011-present) Achievements High Honor Roll at Hamilton Middle School (2007-2010) High Honor Roll at West High School (2010-2012) Qualification to participate in the Reischauer Scholars Program (2012) JAFS Scholarship to Japan for 6 weeks (Summer 2012) -69- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix G: Resume for Michael Academic Experiences: Franklin Elementary School (2001-2004) Randall Elementary School (2004-2007) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2007-2010) o Graduated with high academic honors Madison West High School (2010-present) o 4.0 cumulative GPA Honors and Elective Courses: Honors Algebra, Honors Geometry, Honors Biology, Drawing and Design, Film Studies, Culinary Basics Languages: English, entering fourth year of studying French Extracurricular Activities: Velma Hamilton Middle School Community Service Club (2009-2010) o Volunteered at Ronald McDonald House o Participated in community clean-up activities o Participated in book drive Boy Scouts of America Troops 122 and 2 (2008-present) Served as Scribe and Assistant Patrol Leader Participated in annual food drives Participated in adopt-a-highway clean-up Organized troop fun night Participated in troop camp outings Backpacked in Glacier National Park West High Rocket Club (2010-present) Finalist in Rockets for Schools Program Participated in Team America Rocket Competition Participated in fund-raising activities Interests: Video games Reading comic books and fantasy novels Hiking/Biking Travel Internet research Baking -70- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix H: Resume for Richard Education Shorewood Hills Elementary School (2000-2006) Velma Hamilton Middle School (2006-2009) Madison West High School (2009-Present) GPA 3.81 out of 4.0 (unweighted) Extracurricular Rocketry - West High Rocket Club (2010-Present) TARC National Finalist (2011) Rockets For School 2nd Place (2011) NASA – Student Launch Initiative (2011-Present) Madison West High School Math Team Varsity Member (2011-Present) Music Piano (1998-Present) National Federation of Music Clubs o Solo “Superior Rating” (2001-2012) o Duet “Superior Rating”(2004, 2006, 2007) National Piano Playing Auditions – National Member (2003, 2004) MAPTA Young Composers Festival Level Two o 2nd Place (2004) MAPTA (Madison Area Piano Teachers Associated) Honors Recital (20062012) Sonatina Festival o Solo 1st Place (2003, 2004) o Duet 1st Place (2002, 2003) o Duet 2nd Place (2004) Chopin Youth Piano Competition Participant (2008, 2009,2012) o 1st Place (2012) o 5th Place (2008) Alzheimer’s Association Benefit Recital (2011) WMTA (Wisconsin Music Teachers Association) Badger State Competition o 1st Place (2006, 2008, 2010, 2011,2012) o Honorable Mention (2005, 2007, 2009) Violin (1998-Present) University of Wisconsin Summer Music Clinic o UW-Madison Tuition Remission Recipient (2012) Wisconsin Youth Symphony Orchestra o Concert Orchestra (2005) o Philharmonia Orchestra (2006-2008) -71- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW o Youth Orchestra (2009-Present) Alzheimer’s Association Benefit Recital (2011) Athletics Soccer Club (2000-2005) VASC/Magic U9 Tournament Champion (2004) MAYSA U10 Cup Champion (2005) Regional Hockey Club (1999-2007) Beaver Dam Tournament 1st Place (2003) Winona Area Youth Hockey Tournament 1st Place (2004) UW- Stevens Point Summer Hockey Camp(2005) Wisconsin Amateur Hockey Association State Hockey Tournament Participant (2003, 2005-2007) Badger State Games Participant (2007) Other Academic Activities MATC Middle School Math Competition 1st Place Team (2008) FPS (Future Problem Solver) State Competitor (2007) BadgerB.O.T.S. Robotics Summer Camp (2008) West High Science Olympiad Team (2010) Volunteer Experience Wisconsin Regional Art Program (2009, 2011) National Federation of Music Clubs (2010, 2011, 2012) Tzu Chi Foundation (2011) Alzheimer’s Association (2011) Madison Festivals (2011) Wisconsin Public Television (2011) WYSO: Music Makers Program (2011-2012) -72- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix I: Resume for Tashi Experience Volunteer Youth Worker- Leopold Elementary School, 2012 Volunteer at St. Mary’s Hospital 2013 Attended National Rocketry Competition 2 times, 2010 and 2012 Won First Place in 2012 Team American Rocketry Challenge, 2012 Won Second Place in 2012 International Rocketry Challenge in London Participated in Rockets for Schools, 2012 2011- Education Madison West High School 2009-Current Honors Courses Taken: Geometry, Trigonometry/Algebra II, and Math Physics AP Courses Taken: Calculus AB, Physics, and Spanish Extra Curriculum Activities: Student Council, Rocket Club, Pre- college program Skills Interpersonal communication skills. I keep trying until I get it right Fluent in Tibetan and English and I am also conversational fluent in Spanish. Computer and Internet skills. -73- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix J: Model Rocket Safety Code 1. Materials. I will use only lightweight, non-metal parts for the nose, body, and fins of my rocket. 2. Motors. I will use only certified, commercially-made model rocket motors, and will not tamper with these motors or use them for any purposes except those recommended by the manufacturer. 3. Ignition System. I will launch my rockets with an electrical launch system and electrical motor igniters. My launch system will have a safety interlock in series with the launch switch, and will use a launch switch that returns to the "off" position when released. 4. Misfires. If my rocket does not launch when I press the button of my electrical launch system, I will remove the launcher's safety interlock or disconnect its battery, and will wait 60 seconds after the last launch attempt before allowing anyone to approach the rocket. 5. Launch Safety. I will use a countdown before launch, and will ensure that everyone is paying attention and is a safe distance of at least 15 feet away when I launch rockets with D motors or smaller, and 30 feet when I launch larger rockets. If I am uncertain about the safety or stability of an untested rocket, I will check the stability before flight and will fly it only after warning spectators and clearing them away to a safe distance. 6. Launcher. I will launch my rocket from a launch rod, tower, or rail that is pointed to within 30 degrees of the vertical to ensure that the rocket flies nearly straight up, and I will use a blast deflector to prevent the motor's exhaust from hitting the ground. To prevent accidental eye injury, I will place launchers so that the end of the launch rod is above eye level or will cap the end of the rod when it is not in use. 7. Size. My model rocket will not weigh more than 1,500 grams (53 ounces) at liftoff and will not contain more than 125 grams (4.4 ounces) of propellant or 320 N-sec (71.9 pound-seconds) of total impulse. If my model rocket weighs more than one pound (453 grams) at liftoff or has more than four ounces (113 grams) of propellant, I will check and comply with Federal Aviation Administration regulations before flying. 8. Flight Safety. I will not launch my rocket at targets, into clouds, or near airplanes, and will not put any flammable or explosive payload in my rocket. 9. Launch Site. I will launch my rocket outdoors, in an open area at least as large as shown in the accompanying table, and in safe weather conditions with wind speeds no greater than 20 miles per hour. I will ensure that there is no dry grass close to the launch pad, and that the launch site does not present risk of grass fires. 10. Recovery System. I will use a recovery system such as a streamer or parachute in my rocket so that it returns safely and undamaged and can be flown again, and I will use only flame-resistant or fireproof recovery system wadding in my rocket. 11. Recovery Safety. I will not attempt to recover my rocket from power lines, tall trees, or other dangerous places. -74- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW LAUNCH SITE DIMENSIONS Installed Total Impulse (N-sec) Equivalent Motor Type Minimum Site Dimensions (ft.) 0.00--1.25 1/4A, 1/2A 50 1.26--2.50 A 100 2.51--5.00 B 200 5.01--10.00 C 400 10.01--20.00 D 500 20.01--40.00 E 1,000 40.01--80.00 F 1,000 80.01--160.00 G 1,000 160.01--320.00 Two Gs 1,500 Table 14: Minimum launch site dimensions -75- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix K: High Power Rocket Safety Code Certification. I will only fly high power rockets or possess high power rocket motors that are within the scope of my user certification and required licensing. 1. Materials. I will use only lightweight materials such as paper, wood, rubber, plastic, fiberglass, or when necessary ductile metal, for the construction of my rocket. 2. Motors. I will use only certified, commercially made rocket motors, and will not tamper with these motors or use them for any purposes except those recommended by the manufacturer. I will not allow smoking, open flames, nor heat sources within 25 feet of these motors. 3. Ignition System. I will launch my rockets with an electrical launch system, and with electrical motor igniters that are installed in the motor only after my rocket is at the launch pad or in a designated prepping area. My launch system will have a safety interlock that is in series with the launch switch that is not installed until my rocket is ready for launch, and will use a launch switch that returns to the "off" position when released. If my rocket has onboard ignition systems for motors or recovery devices, these will have safety interlocks that interrupt the current path until the rocket is at the launch pad. 4. Misfires. If my rocket does not launch when I press the button of my electrical launch system, I will remove the launcher's safety interlock or disconnect its battery, and will wait 60 seconds after the last launch attempt before allowing anyone to approach the rocket. 5. Launch Safety. I will use a 5-second countdown before launch. I will ensure that no person is closer to the launch pad than allowed by the accompanying Minimum Distance Table, and that a means is available to warn participants and spectators in the event of a problem. I will check the stability of my rocket before flight and will not fly it if it cannot be determined to be stable. 6. Launcher. I will launch my rocket from a stable device that provides rigid guidance until the rocket has attained a speed that ensures a stable flight, and that is pointed to within 20 degrees of vertical. If the wind speed exceeds 5 miles per hour I will use a launcher length that permits the rocket to attain a safe velocity before separation from the launcher. I will use a blast deflector to prevent the motor's exhaust from hitting the ground. I will ensure that dry grass is cleared around each launch pad in accordance with the accompanying Minimum Distance table, and will increase this distance by a factor of 1.5 if the rocket motor being launched uses titanium sponge in the propellant. 7. Size. My rocket will not contain any combination of motors that total more than 40,960 N-sec (9208 pound-seconds) of total impulse. My rocket will not weigh more at liftoff than one-third of the certified average thrust of the high power rocket motor(s) intended to be ignited at launch. 8. Flight Safety. I will not launch my rocket at targets, into clouds, near airplanes, nor on trajectories that take it directly over the heads of spectators or beyond the boundaries of the launch site, and will not put any flammable or explosive payload in my rocket. I will not launch my rockets if wind speeds exceed 20 miles -76- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW per hour. I will comply with Federal Aviation Administration airspace regulations when flying, and will ensure that my rocket will not exceed any applicable altitude limit in effect at that launch site. 9. Launch Site. I will launch my rocket outdoors, in an open area where trees, power lines, buildings, and persons not involved in the launch do not present a hazard, and that is at least as large on its smallest dimension as one-half of the maximum altitude to which rockets are allowed to be flown at that site or 1500 feet, whichever is greater. 10. Launcher Location. My launcher will be at least one half the minimum launch site dimension, or 1500 feet (whichever is greater) from any inhabited building, or from any public highway on which traffic flow exceeds 10 vehicles per hour, not including traffic flow related to the launch. It will also be no closer than the appropriate Minimum Personnel Distance from the accompanying table from any boundary of the launch site. 11. Recovery System. I will use a recovery system such as a parachute in my rocket so that all parts of my rocket return safely and undamaged and can be flown again, and I will use only flame-resistant or fireproof recovery system wadding in my rocket. 12. Recovery Safety. I will not attempt to recover my rocket from power lines, tall trees, or other dangerous places, fly it under conditions where it is likely to recover in spectator areas or outside the launch site, nor attempt to catch it as it approaches the ground. Installed Total Impulse (NewtonSeconds) 0 -- 320.00 320.01 -640.00 640.01 -1,280.00 1,280.01 -2,560.00 2,560.01 -5,120.00 5,120.01 -10,240.00 10,240.01 -20,480.00 20,480.01 -40,960.00 MINIMUM DISTANCE TABLE Equivalent Minimum Minimum High Power Diameter of Personnel Motor Type Cleared Area Distance (ft.) (ft.) H or smaller I 50 50 100 100 Minimum Personnel Distance (Complex Rocket) (ft.) 200 200 J 50 100 200 K 75 200 300 L 100 300 500 M 125 500 1000 N 125 1000 1500 O 125 1500 2000 Table 15: Minimum launch site dimensions -77- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix L: Section 508 § 1194.21 Software applications and operating systems. (a) When software is designed to run on a system that has a keyboard, product functions shall be executable from a keyboard where the function itself or the result of performing a function can be discerned textually. (b) Applications shall not disrupt or disable activated features of other products that are identified as accessibility features, where those features are developed and documented according to industry standards. Applications also shall not disrupt or disable activated features of any operating system that are identified as accessibility features where the application programming interface for those accessibility features has been documented by the manufacturer of the operating system and is available to the product developer. (c) A well-defined on-screen indication of the current focus shall be provided that moves among interactive interface elements as the input focus changes. The focus shall be programmatically exposed so that assistive technology can track focus and focus changes. (d) Sufficient information about a user interface element including the identity, operation and state of the element shall be available to assistive technology. When an image represents a program element, the information conveyed by the image must also be available in text. (e) When bitmap images are used to identify controls, status indicators, or other programmatic elements, the meaning assigned to those images shall be consistent throughout an application's performance. (f) Textual information shall be provided through operating system functions for displaying text. The minimum information that shall be made available is text content, text input caret location, and text attributes. (g) Applications shall not override user selected contrast and color selections and other individual display attributes. (h) When animation is displayed, the information shall be displayable in at least one non-animated presentation mode at the option of the user. (i) Color coding shall not be used as the only means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element. (j) When a product permits a user to adjust color and contrast settings, a variety of color selections capable of producing a range of contrast levels shall be provided. -78- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW (k) Software shall not use flashing or blinking text, objects, or other elements having a flash or blink frequency greater than 2 Hz and lower than 55 Hz. (l) When electronic forms are used, the form shall allow people using assistive technology to access the information, field elements, and functionality required for completion and submission of the form, including all directions and cues. § 1194.22 Web-based intranet and internet information and applications. (a) A text equivalent for every non-text element shall be provided (e.g., via "alt", "longdesc", or in element content). (b) Equivalent alternatives for any multimedia presentation shall be synchronized with the presentation. (c) Web pages shall be designed so that all information conveyed with color is also available without color, for example from context or markup. (d) Documents shall be organized so they are readable without requiring an associated style sheet. (e) Redundant text links shall be provided for each active region of a server-side image map. (f) Client-side image maps shall be provided instead of server-side image maps except where the regions cannot be defined with an available geometric shape. (g) Row and column headers shall be identified for data tables. (h) Markup shall be used to associate data cells and header cells for data tables that have two or more logical levels of row or column headers. (i) Frames shall be titled with text that facilitates frame identification and navigation. (j) Pages shall be designed to avoid causing the screen to flicker with a frequency greater than 2 Hz and lower than 55 Hz. (k) A text-only page, with equivalent information or functionality, shall be provided to make a web site comply with the provisions of this part, when compliance cannot be accomplished in any other way. The content of the text-only page shall be updated whenever the primary page changes. (l) When pages utilize scripting languages to display content, or to create interface elements, the information provided by the script shall be identified with functional text that can be read by assistive technology. -79- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW (m) When a web page requires that an applet, plug-in or other application be present on the client system to interpret page content, the page must provide a link to a plug-in or applet that complies with §1194.21(a) through (l). (n) When electronic forms are designed to be completed on-line, the form shall allow people using assistive technology to access the information, field elements, and functionality required for completion and submission of the form, including all directions and cues. (o) A method shall be provided that permits users to skip repetitive navigation links. (p) When a timed response is required, the user shall be alerted and given sufficient time to indicate more time is required. Note to §1194.22: 1. The Board interprets paragraphs (a) through (k) of this section as consistent with the following priority 1 Checkpoints of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 (WCAG 1.0) (May 5, 1999) published by the Web Accessibility Initiative of the World Wide Web Consortium: Section 1194.22 Paragraph WCAG 1.0 Checkpoint (a) 1.1 (b) 1.4 (c) 2.1 (d) 6.1 (e) 1.2 (f) 9.1 (g) 5.1 (h) 5.2 (i) 12.1 (j) 7.1 (k) 11.4 Table 16: Checkpoint consistent with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2. Paragraphs (l), (m), (n), (o), and (p) of this section are different from WCAG 1.0. Web pages that conform to WCAG 1.0, level A (i.e., all priority 1 checkpoints) must also meet paragraphs (l), (m), (n), (o), and (p) of this section to comply with this section. WCAG 1.0 is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505. -80- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW § 1194.23 Telecommunications products. (a) Telecommunications products or systems which provide a function allowing voice communication and which do not themselves provide a TTY functionality shall provide a standard non-acoustic connection point for TTYs. Microphones shall be capable of being turned on and off to allow the user to intermix speech with TTY use. (b) Telecommunications products which include voice communication functionality shall support all commonly used cross-manufacturer non-proprietary standard TTY signal protocols. (c) Voice mail, auto-attendant, and interactive voice response telecommunications systems shall be usable by TTY users with their TTYs. (d) Voice mail, messaging, auto-attendant, and interactive voice response telecommunications systems that require a response from a user within a time interval, shall give an alert when the time interval is about to run out, and shall provide sufficient time for the user to indicate more time is required. (e) Where provided, caller identification and similar telecommunications functions shall also be available for users of TTYs, and for users who cannot see displays. (f) For transmitted voice signals, telecommunications products shall provide a gain adjustable up to a minimum of 20 dB. For incremental volume control, at least one intermediate step of 12 dB of gain shall be provided. (g) If the telecommunications product allows a user to adjust the receive volume, a function shall be provided to automatically reset the volume to the default level after every use. (h) Where a telecommunications product delivers output by an audio transducer which is normally held up to the ear, a means for effective magnetic wireless coupling to hearing technologies shall be provided. (i) Interference to hearing technologies (including hearing aids, cochlear implants, and assistive listening devices) shall be reduced to the lowest possible level that allows a user of hearing technologies to utilize the telecommunications product. (j) Products that transmit or conduct information or communication, shall pass through cross-manufacturer, non-proprietary, industry-standard codes, translation protocols, formats or other information necessary to provide the information or communication in a usable format. Technologies which use encoding, signal compression, format transformation, or similar techniques shall not remove information needed for access or shall restore it upon delivery. -81- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW (k) Products which have mechanically operated controls or keys, shall comply with the following: (1) Controls and keys shall be tactilely discernible without activating the controls or keys. (2) Controls and keys shall be operable with one hand and shall not require tight grasping, pinching, or twisting of the wrist. The force required to activate controls and keys shall be 5 lbs. (22.2 N) maximum. (3) If key repeat is supported, the delay before repeat shall be adjustable to at least 2 seconds. Key repeat rate shall be adjustable to 2 seconds per character. (4) The status of all locking or toggle controls or keys shall be visually discernible, and discernible either through touch or sound. § 1194.26 Desktop and portable computers. (a) All mechanically operated controls and keys shall comply with §1194.23 (k) (1) through (4). (b) If a product utilizes touch screens or touch-operated controls, an input method shall be provided that complies with §1194.23 (k) (1) through (4). (c) When biometric forms of user identification or control are used, an alternative form of identification or activation, which does not require the user to possess particular biological characteristics, shall also be provided. (d) Where provided, at least one of each type of expansion slots, ports and connectors shall comply with publicly available industry standards. -82- Madison West High School Returning Team SLI 2013 SOW Appendix M: Material Safety Data Sheets All MSDS sheets are available on our website http://westrocketry.com/sli2013/safety/safety2013r.php Propulsion and Deployment Ammonium Perchlorate Aerotech Reloadable Motors Aerotech Igniters M-Tek E-matches Pyrodex Pellets Black Powder Nomex (thermal protector) Glues Elmer’s White Glue Two Ton Epoxy Resin Two Ton Epoxy Hardener Bob Smith Cyanoacrylate Glue (superglue) Superglue Accelerator (kicker) Superglue Debonder Soldering Flux Solder Painting and Finishing Automotive Primer Automotive Spray Paint Clear Coat Construction Supplies Carbon Fiber Kevlar Fiberglass Cloth Fiberglass Resin Fiberglass Hardener Self-expanding Foam Solvents Ethyl Alcohol 70% Payload Materials Aluminum Acrylic Polycarbonate -83- Madison West High School Returning Team -84- SLI 2013 SOW
