Anatomy Summer Work
This information is all to help you get a head start. None of it is
mandatory, however this is a college level course and the dual
credit has two exams per quarter and a final in the 2nd quarter.
That’s it… so you can’t afford to have a bad grade. Anything you
can do during the summer will help you in the long run. Also, Lab
exams require correct spelling of terms! Email me if you have any
questions! Don’t panic – I have given you a lot of information.
Helpful websites (there are many but
here are a few!):
1. Cliff Notes http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/anatomyand-physiology/anatomy-and-chemistrybasics/what-is-anatomy-and-physiology
• Below is from Cliff Notes – a good short
overview. The link above has a lot more for
you to explore as you have time. I
recommend reviewing the chemistry section.
• What Is Anatomy and Physiology?
• Anatomy is the study of the structure and relationship
between body parts.
• Physiology is the study of the function of body parts and
the body as a whole. Some specializations within each of
these sciences follow:
• Gross (macroscopic) anatomy is the study of body parts
visible to the naked eye, such as the heart or bones.
• Histology is the study of tissues at the microscopic level.
• Cytology is the study of cells at the microscopic level.
• Neurophysiology is the study of how the nervous system
functions.
• Organizations of living systems
• Living systems can be defined from various perspectives,
from the broad (looking at the entire earth) to the minute
(individual atoms). Each perspective provides information
about how or why a living system functions:
• At the chemical level, atoms, molecules (combinations of
atoms), and the chemical bonds between atoms provide
the framework upon which all living activity is based.
• The cell is the smallest unit of life. Organelles within the
cell are specialized bodies performing specific cellular
functions. Cells themselves may be specialized. Thus, there
are nerve cells, bone cells, and muscle cells.
• A tissue is a group of similar cells performing a common function.
Muscle tissue, for example, consists of muscle cells.
• An organ is a group of different kinds of tissues working together to
perform a particular activity. The heart is an organ composed of
muscle, nervous, connective, and epithelial tissues.
• An organ system is two or more organs working together to
accomplish a particular task. The digestive system, for example,
involves the coordinated activities of many organs, including the
mouth, stomach, small and large intestines, pancreas, and liver.
• An organism is a system possessing the characteristics of living
things—the ability to obtain and process energy, the ability to
respond to environmental changes, and the ability to reproduce.
• Be sure to look at the rest on the Cliff Notes link.
2. Crash Course A& P video intro – youtube you can
Google it or it is:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBGl2BujkPQ
This instructor is funny/odd but the video’s I have
viewed are good. So if you have had AP Bio you
know I love Bozeman video’s. This maybe a favorite
for Anatomy, I still need to view more of his work.
It will be hard to beat Bozeman.
3. Bozeman videos for anatomy will be helpful. If
you aren’t familiar with Bozeman videos… it is a
great website: Bozemanscience.com
Histology – the study of tissues
• Types of Tissues (if you have time look these up….
This is chapter 4 – sorry I don’t have a table for
Epithelial)
1. Epithelial
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Simple squamous
Simple cuboidal
Simple columnar
Stratified squamous
Stratified cuboidal
Stratified columnar
Pseudostratified columnar
2. Connective Tissue
(last two categories for tissue)
• 3. Nervous
• 4. Muscle
• Now the next slides are the skeleton and
muscles… ch. 7 and ch. 10 so it will be a while
before we get to these units. However, this is
the easy stuff. So if you learn it in the summer
it will make your year easier. 