By: Nikita Ravi
Calcium’s atomic number is 20. Calcium is
represented by (Ca). The atomic weight is 40.08.
Calcium has 20 neutrons, 20 electrons, and 20
protons. Calcium is an Alkaline Earth metal. The
alkaline earths were once thought to be totally harmless and
boring because they are always found tightly
bounded to the oxygen. The alkaline earth’s
consists soft metal and react easily but burns
fiercely. All of the alkaline elements are eager
to lose their outer electrons.
Symbol Atomic Number
Ca
20
Atomic Mass
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
40.08
20
20
20
Calcium was discovered on 1808.
Humphry Davy (1788-1829) an
English chemist discovered calcium.
Calcium was discovered by a mixture
of lime (CaO) and mercuric oxide (HgO) sending
an electric current and breaking it apart

Calcium atoms give up their 2 electrons form their last shell as it is
not a full shell, so that is why calcium atoms are ions (positive
atoms). The positive calcium ions are represented b y Ca2+,
meaning 2 electrons are given away. Calcium ions react with
anions (negative ions) of other substances in solution.

Pure calcium never occurs in nature. It can be isolated in
laboratories but it doesn’t exist for that long because it easily
reacts with water or the air to form chemical compounds.

Calcium is a metallic element that almost no one ever sees in
its pure form but it is the main ingredient in a stone which is used
to make our building and streets.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Calcium is a very soft element and is
in a silvery color. The surface quickly
becomes plain as calcium reacts
with oxygen to create a white or
gray calcium oxide.

Calcium's melting point is 850°C
(1,560°F) and its boiling point is
1,440°C (2,620°F)
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

When calcium is added to water and
you wait for a few minutes hydrogen
is being released. The bubbles carry
the calcium up to the surface and
starts bouncing up and down. The
reaction with Calcium and water
creates calcium hydroxide

When calcium is joined with oxygen
it creates calcium oxide which by the
way is represented by (Cao) Calcium
oxide can burn skin, yet calcium is
important to our bones

Calcium is the 5th most plentiful element in the earth’s crust. More than
3% of the crust is calcium which is mostly in the form of limestone and
chalk. It is also the main ingredient to help the teeth and bones in our
bodies.

Calcium is not a free element in nature. It is really active and is always
found in a compound. The most common calcium compound is calcium
carbonate (CaCO3 ). In nature we find calcium in aragonite, calcite, chalk,
limestone, marble, and travertine, and in oyster shells and coral.

Shellfish build their shells from dissolved calcium. When shellfishes die
their shells sink and get mixed up with other particles underneath the
sea. Because of the pressure of the water the shells and the other
particles gets squeezed together and forms lime stones. If it is squeezed
even more it creates marble or travertine.
Pure calcium can never be prepared as no scientist
has ever seen calcium in its pure form. Calcium is
used in the form of limestone, gypsum, or any other
minerals that can be found in the earth’s crust
 Shellfishes make their own shells from dissolved
calcium
 Calcium can’t be prepared in pure form


Food: Calcium is needed for our diets. Calcium compounds
are used in varieties of food. Calcium compounds can be
found in baked breads. The reason they add calcium in bread
is because it prevents from growing mold. Calcium is also
added to milk and that is why kids today have to drink lots of
milk for making their bones and teeth healthy. Calcium
stearoyl lactylate is added to a whipped cream which comes
in squirt cans. The calcium compound increases the amount
of fluid as it emerges from the can and makes the whipped
cream fluffy

Fresco Painting: Fresco means fresh. A thin layer of plastic
which is made of lime and water (calcium hydroxide) is
coated up the wall. While the plaster is still wet, artists paint
a picture on it. As the lime dries and hardens, the picture
solidifies making the painting part of the wall

Carrara marble sculptures: Carrara marbles are used for
sculptures. Michelangelo’s sculptors have remained
beautiful for hundreds of years.

Getter: It is sometimes used as getter which by the way is
a substance that removes unwanted chemicals. Calcium is
used as a getter when it comes to creating light bulbs.
Calcium is added to the bulb while it is being made. In the
final stage, the calcium combines with other gases in the
glass. Calcium getter is also used in producing copper and
steel.

Calcium is also used to make alloys. The alloy of calcium
and cerium is used in flints which are found in lighters.
Calcium. (2012). Retrieved September 3, 2012, from
chemistry explained:
http://www.chemistryexplained.com/elements/AC/Calcium.html#b
 Basher. (2007). The Periodic Table. In A. Dingle, The
Periodic Table (p. 128). Taiwan: Kingfisher.
 Blashfield, J. F. (1999). Calcium. In J. F. Blashfield,
Sparks of Life Calcium. Wisconsin.
 Who Discovered Calcium. (n.d.). Retrieved September
5, 2012, from corrosionist:
http://www.corrosionist.com/Who_Discovered_Calciu
m.htm
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