Agenda 11/13- CP Biology
• Review Homework
• Quick sketch(es) of how respiratory and
circulatory system work together to get O2
from the air to a mitochondrion
• Cellular Respiration- start
– HW- packet, pages 75, 84, and 86 only
Agenda 11/13/14- Cellular
Respiration
• Bellwork
• New Information: Cellular Respiration
• Lab/Activity: Start virtual lab (cellular
respiration and photosynthesis)
• HW- none
Bellwork 11/13/14
1. Which process do elk
and other Yellowstone
animals use to convert
energy in their food into
ATP?
A. cellular respiration
B. filtration
C. osmosis
D. photosynthesis
2. What directly supplies
the energy needed to
actively transport sodium
ions across the plasma
membrane of a cell?
A. DNA
B. ATP
C. enzymes
D. lipids
ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate
Energy storage molecule
Adenine
Ribose
3 Phosphate groups
Formation of ATP
ADP
ATP
Energy
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) +
Phosphate
Partially
charged
battery
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Fully
charged
battery
ATP stores enough energy for many cellular functions.
ATP
ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate
Adenine
Ribose
3 Phosphate groups
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP)
Mitochondrion
(In prokaryotes, cellular respiration occurs in the
cytoplasm and cell membrane.)
Cellular Respiration: chemical energy stored in
glucose is released by breaking bonds and is transferred
into ATP molecules.
Energy for Life Processes
Glucose
Glycolysis
Krebs
cycle
Fermentation
(no oxygen)
Electron
transport
Alcohol
or lactic
acid
Cellular Respiration
Electrons carried in
NADH
Mitochondrion
Pyruvic
acid
O2
Electrons in
NADH, FADH2
Glucose
Glycolysis
Krebs
Cycle
Cytoplasm
Electron
Transport Chain
H2O
CO2
Mitochondrion
Glycolysis
Glyco (glucose), lysis (cutting)
2 ATP’s
Glucose
4 ATP’s
=
Net
2 ATP’s Gain
2 Pyruvic acids
Occurs in cytoplasm
To the electron
transport chain
NO O2 REQUIRED
FOR GLYCOLYSIS!!
Glycolysis
Glyco (glucose), lysis (cutting)
What’s produced during glycolysis?
• 2 ATP
• 2 Pyruvic acids
• 2 NADH (carrying 2 high energy electrons)
2 ATP’s
Glucose
4 ATP’s
=
Net
2 ATP’s Gain
2 Pyruvic acids
To the electron
transport chain
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP)
If O2 is present, glycolysis leads to AEROBIC cellular
respiration (the Krebs aka Citric Acid Cycle and the Electron
Transport Chain).
Glucose
Glycolysis
Krebs
cycle
Electron
transport
AEROBIC cellular respiration
Fermentation
(without oxygen)
Alcohol or
lactic acid
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2
Glucose
(C6H1206)
+
Oxygen
(02)
Glycolysis
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP)
Citric
Acid
(Krebs)
Cycle
Electron
Transport
Chain
Carbon
Dioxide
(CO2)
+
Water (H2O)
+
ATP
Kreb’s Cycle
What’s produced during the Krebs Cycle?
1. CO2 (exhaled as waste)
2. NADH and FADH2 (with
high energy electrons!)
3. 2 ATP
Cellular Respiration
The high-energy electrons produced in
glycolysis and the Kreb’s cycle go on
the electron transport chain to convert
ADP into ATP. Electrons carried in NADH
Mitochondrion
Pyruvic
acid
Glucose
Glycolysis
O2
Krebs
Cycle
Electrons carried
in NADH and
FADH2
Cytoplasm
Electron
Transport Chain
H2O
CO2
Mitochondrion
Electron Transport Chain
Net Gain
per Glucose
32 ATPs
e-
eee-
Oxygen - binds
with two waste
products (2 H+ &
2 electrons) to
produce H2O: this
is why O2 is
essential!
Electron Transport Chain
32 ATP’s
Net Gain
per Glucose
Oxygen binds with two
waste products
(2 H+ & 2
electrons) to
produce H2O:
this is why O2
is essential!
Electron Transport Chain
What’s produced?
• 32 ATP
• H2O
Oxygen - binds
with two waste
products (2 H+ &
2 electrons) to
produce H2O:
this is why O2 is
essential!
ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate
Energy storage molecule
Adenine
Ribose
3 Phosphate groups
Cellular Respiration Overview (Eukaryotes)
NADH
Pyruvate
Krebs
cycle
glycolysis
2 ATP
+
2 ATP
NADH,
FADH2
+
Electron
Transport
32 ATP = 36 ATP’s
Agenda 11/14/14- Cellular
Respiration
• Bellwork
• New Information: Fermentation- how do
cells manage to get energy without oxygen?
• Lab/Activity: finish lab, finish questions
(HW if not done in class)
• Quiz Monday- study!
• Rest of packet due Tuesday
Bellwork
Cellular Respiration Overview (Eukaryotes)
NADH
Pyruvate
Krebs
cycle
glycolysis
2 ATP
+
2 ATP
NADH,
FADH2
+
Electron
Transport
32 ATP = 36 ATP’s
Cellular Respiration: chemical energy stored in
glucose is released by breaking bonds and is transferred
into ATP molecules.
Energy for Life Processes
Glucose
Glycolysis
Krebs
cycle
Fermentation
(no oxygen)
Electron
transport
Alcohol
or lactic
acid
Overview of Cellular Respiration
• Glycolosis
– Where:
• cytosol (cytoplasm)
– Products:
• 2 pyruvic acid molecules
• 2 ATP
• 2 NADH
Overview of Cellular Respiration
• Krebs Cycle
– Only if O2 is present!
– Where:
• Mitochondrion (matrix)
– Products:
• 2 ATP
• NADH and FADH2
Overview of Cellular Respiration
• Electron Transport Chain
– Only happens if O2 present!
– Where:
• Inner membrane of mitochondrion
– Products:
• H2O
• 32 ATP
What if no Oxygen is available?
Ex: Anaerobic exercise
•Only Glycolysis can run.
•2 ATP’s per Glucose molecule.
• Only 1/18th or 5% of the energy is produced.
• This is why sprinters can’t run forever!
Fermentation
• Anaerobic (an= no, aero= oxygen)
• Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, doesn’t require
oxygen
• If no oxygen is present, glycolysis is followed
by fermentation
• In eukaryotes, lactic acid fermentation or
alcoholic fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation
• Pyruvic acid + NADH
Lactic acid + NAD+
• When the body can’t provide the tissues with
enough O2, this process occurs (as during rapid
exercise).
Alcoholic Fermentation
• Pyruvic acid + NADH
Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+
• Conducted by yeast (causes bread to rise because
CO2 produced)
Endosymbiotic Theory (Lynn Margulis, 1981)
• Mitochondria and chloroplasts may have
originated as free-living prokaryotes that lived
symbiotically within cells, leading to
eukaryotes.
• Evidence:
– Circular DNA
– Two or more cell membranes, with the innermost
one similar to prokaryotic cell membranes
– Ribosomes
Compare/Contrast
Photosynthesis
Energy Storing or
Releasing
Products
Reactants
Location
Cellular Respiration