QUEEN’S COLLEGE, YABA, LAGOS , NIGERIA
TEAM MEMBERS:
 Nwazota Kene.
 Suleiman Rukayat
 Elias Yewande
 Omeihe Oluoma
 Adebayo Christiana
CO-ORDINATORS:
 Elizabeth Oyelola.
 Chinemelum Anakwue.
 Oluyemi Adenmosun.
CULTURAL FESTIVALS
OUR CULTURE
THE LAGOS CLASS
INTRODUCTION
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Festivals are one of the most common heritage activities
cherished and observed religiously. There are different types of
festivals celebrated at different times and seasons and for
different purposes.
Each festival has rules and regulations that guide them. These
rules and regulations are strictly adhered to by all.
In some cultures, the presence of women are not required while
others, though required the presence of women, believe they
should be seen and not heard.
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There are various festivals performed in Lagos which are fun but
connotes some traditional implications.
Each festival has requirements which are unique to them
depending on the different geographical locations in the country.
Some of the festivals performed in Lagos are:
 AGERE MASQUERADE FESTIVAL
 EYO FESTIVAL
 EFE/GELEDE MASQUERADE FESTIVAL
 ZANGBETO MASQUERADE FESTIVAL
AGERE MASQUERADE
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Originated from the western
part of Lagos and Kwara
states.
The masquerades stand on
stilts to give them their
required height.
EYO FESTIVAL
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The Eyo festival is one of the
most important festivals in the
south-western part of the
country.
The Eyo is to Lagos as Samba is
to Brazil.
The Eyo was introduced into
Lagos from Abeokuta.
It is believed to be introduced
from outside the African
continent but the particular
origin is yet to be ascertained.
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Our people believe that each
time the Eyo Festival holds, the
barren will conceive and a
variety of private problems get
solved.
It takes place only on Sundays.
The Senior Eyo is identified by
a black broad-rimmed hat and
go to public with a staff.
There are other groups of Eyo
masquerades who are identified
by the colour of their rimmed
hat, like Laba (red), Oniko
(yellow), Ologede (green),
Olokun (white).
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This is possibly the only
Nigerian festival with stringent
rules for both participants and
onlookers.
Importantly, headgears and
footwear of any kind are not
allowed and trousers are not
allowed for females on the DDay.
The Eyo Masquerade Festival
occurs during the coronation of
a new king, the death of the
king or an important dignitary.
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The staff (Opanbata) they
hold is placed on an
individual for prayer or
logging offenders.
The senior Eyo (Eyo Adimu)
comes out first in the
procession then the others
follow in their order of
seniority.
Before the Eyo comes out,
sacrifices have to be carried
out to appease the gods for
prosperity, peace and love.
GELEDE / EFE FESTIVAL
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It is celebrated by certain
Yoruba subgroups in western
Nigeria and Republic of
Benin.
It highlights the importance
of women and serves as an
occasion to recognize their
spiritual powers.
It is generally performed over
a two-day period.
EFE / GELEDE MASQUERADE
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Efe festival is performed on the
first day in the market area - a
setting of social, religious and
economic activity primarily
involving women.
Gelede festival is performed in
the afternoon following the Efe
festival to embody an approach
to the mothers that appeal to
their positive attributes.
The main performers for
Gelede festival are masquerades.
ZANGBETO MASQUERADE
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The zangbeto masquerade is
celebrated in Badagry every
year and the duration is for
nine days, during which the
people make merry and do
not work.
The Zangbeto festival
includes males and some
females who have passed
child-bearing age.
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The Zangbeto serves as a
cult and are said to have
magical powers. They dress
in raffia only.
They serve as the traditional
Police to Badagrians to solve
disputes and ensure that the
law takes its course.
Festivals in Wichita
And where they come from
By Trea Gadbury
Alissa Farley
Keith Simmons
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Flight Festival celebrates the fact that we
are the air capital of the U.S.A.
It can involve lots of stunt planes
performing aerial tricks.
This years performances will be performed
by Red Eagle Air Sports, Red Barron Pizza
Squadron, and Oregon Aero Sky Dancer.
The date will be August 22, 2008 - August
24, 2008.
This festival is celebrated merely for public
enjoyment, and to celebrate our dominance
in the airplane making business.
River Festival
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The River Fest is about when the pioneers
decided to have a year long celebration of
the 100th anniversary of Wichita.
It was called the River Festival, because
the Arkansas River was such an important
resource. They had the last day of the year
long fest along the river.
They held a carnival, hoe-down, hometown
fair, water shows, a pow-wow and a fishing
contest.
This is now an annual event and attracts
people from all over Kansas adding up to
about 350,000 people.
The 8th Annual WSU Car Show
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This is a car show created by
the Kansas W.S.U college
students.
This is all the college kids
showing off there ‘Hot Rods’
for everyone else.
This is funded by the college
students mostly, and
occasionally the college funds
some of it.
Last years’ winner was Wayne
Bagby with a 1949 Chevy
Truck.
Conclusion
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In all, Wichita does not have the
largest amount of festivals but it does
have some of the most entertaining.
CULTURAL FESTIVALS AND
HERITAGE
OF SOUTH AFRICA
By Salvatore and Gabriella
Homeschooled in Johannesburg South Africa by
Penny
iEarn ppm1
January – May 2008
HUMAN RIGHTS’ DAY
21 MARCH
Sharpeville massacre happened on 21 March 1960. People in South Africa have
commemorated the Sharpeville Massacre ever since it happened, often in secret
or in exile. The day is now commemorated as Human Rights Day.
Pass laws required that Africans had to carry identity documents with them at
all times. These books had to contain stamps providing official proof that that
the person in question had permission to be in a town at that time. Initially only
men were forced to carry these books, but soon law also compelled women to
carry the dreaded documents.
Freedom park
http://www.freedompark.co.za/index.html
The Freedom Park Trust was mandated to build The Freedom Park, a
Presidential legacy project which is envisaged to bear witness to our
struggle for humanity and freedom.
The project was initiated when government received requests from civil
society, NGOs, academics and various political interest groups for some
kind of symbolic reparation as well as to celebrate our achievements as a
nation. One of the exciting ways in which these aspirations are brought to
life is through Sikhumbuto, a memorial dedicated to those who have laid
down their lives in the struggle for humanity and freedom, cutting across
eight conflict areas. These are Pre-Colonial, Genocide, Slavery, Wars of
Resistance, South African War (Anglo-Boer War), First World War, Second
World War and the Liberation Struggle.
This memorial comprises a number of indoor and outdoor elements. These
are the Amphitheatre, The Eternal Flame, Sanctuary, The Gallery of
Leaders and the Wall of Names. By inscribing the names of those who have
fallen on the Wall, the nation will not only be able to remember, but also to
honour them.
FREEDOM DAY
27 APRIL
Freedom Day marks the liberation of
our country and its people from a long
period of colonialism and white minority
domination - which means that we no
longer have the situation in which
political power is enjoyed and exercised
by a minority of our population, to the
exclusion of the majority. Freedom Day
is a day for all South Africans.
We pledge "Never again would a minority
government impose itself on the
majority"
South Africans are "One people with
one destiny". It is therefore imperative
for South Africans of diverse political
and economic backgrounds to work
towards a common objective. On
Freedom Day we celebrate the
relentless efforts of those who fought
for liberation, of the many men and
women who took up arms and courted
imprisonment, bannings and torture on
behalf of the oppressed masses.
Freedom Day means something very valuable, the necessary condition
for us to achieve the vital and
fundamental objective of a better life for all.
On Freedom Day, we
commit ourselves to
ensuring the defense
of the sacred
freedoms that we had
won as a result of a
long, difficult and
costly struggle. We
remind ourselves that
the guarantee of these
freedoms requires
permanent vigilance. It
is our pledge to devote
ourselves to continue
to work to wipe out the
legacy of racism in our
country. We need to
ensure that all our
people enjoy these
freedoms not merely as
theoretical rights but
they must form the
daily life experience of
all South Africans.
YOUTH DAY
16 June
When high-school students in
Soweto started protesting
for better education on 16
June 1976, police responded
with teargas and live bullets.
It is commemorated today by
a South African national
holiday, Youth day, which
honors all the young people
who lost their lives in the
struggle against Apartheid
and Bantu Education.
http://africanhistory.about.com/library/week
ly/aa060801b.htm
http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governe
nce-projects/june16/index.htm
Contribution by Jack, Luke, Adam and Jasmine
from Pentrehafod School, Swansea for the
Cultural Festivals project by Queens College,
Lagos, Nigeria.
In Wales we celebrate March 1st every
year, it is where all the welsh people
dress up,sing and eat traditional welsh
foods such as Welsh cakes, lava bread
and drink Cwrw
Schools normally have a special
assembly and normally have some
readings how St.David came upon his
journey through life.
An Eisteddfod is a Welsh festival of literature music and
performance. The tradition of such a meeting of Welsh artists
dates back to at least the 12th century when a festival of
poetry and music was held by Rhys of Deheubarth at his court
in Cardigan in 1176, but with the decline of the bardic
tradition it fell into abeyance. The present-day format owes
much to an eighteenth century revival arising out of a number
of informal eisteddfodau. The word Eisteddfod is derived from
the Welsh word eistedd, meaning "sit".
The Swansea summer festival from May to September
the area around the fabulous sweep of Swansea Bay is
alive with a myriad of fantastic events, shows and
carnivals for everyone to enjoy.
The Royal Welsh Agricultural Society was formed in
1904, and the first Event was held in Aberystwyth
in the same year. Wales & the Society have come a
long way since those early days, and now the
annual Royal Welsh Show is one of the biggest
events in Wales' Calendar.
This year the Abergavenny Food Festival will be
launching its first Fringe programme. Local
businesses and community groups have been
invited to put on special events and promotions
between 13 and 21 September.
The aim is to highlight the diversity and quality of
what Abergavenny and the surrounding area has to
offer to both visitors and residents.