Chapter 4 APES Reading Guide: Due 12/16/14
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Name two things that improved water quality in the Great Lakes in the early 1970’s? (pg 77)
Where did the zebra mussel originate? (pg77)
How were the zebra mussels able to spread so quickly? (pg77)
What are some of the bad things that zebra mussels do? (pg77)
What are some of the beneficial things that zebra mussels do? (pg78)
What is competition among organisms (pg78)
Differentiate between intra-specific competition and inter-specific competition
What does species coexistence produce? (pg79)
Give an example of competitive exclusion (pg79)
Contrast a fundamental niche with a realized niche. (pg79)
What happens in resource partitioning?(pg79)
Define predation.(pg80)
Predation sometimes drives cyclical population dymanics. What does that statement mean?
(pg81, Figure 4.5)
What are the ramifications of predation on evolution? (pg81)
Define parasitism. (pg81)
Define co-evolution. (pg82)
What is herbivory? (pg82)
Define mutualism. (pg82)
What is pollination? (pg83)
What is amensalism? (pg83)
Define commensalism. (pg83)
What is a trophic level? (pg 83)
Define producers, consumers and detritivores/decomposers. (pg83-84)
What is biomass? (pg85)
What does a food chain explain? (pg85)
Differentiate a food chain from a food web. (pg85)
What is a keystone species and what function does it serve? (pg86)
What is a tropic cascade? (pg87)
What impact is the zebra mussel having on fish populations? (pg 88, inset)
Define the relationship between otters, urchins, kelp and killer whales. (pg90, inset)
What is succession? (pg92)
Compare primary and secondary succession. (pg92)
What happens to a community when is experiences a phase or regime shift? (pg92)
What are invasive species and what is their impact on a community? (pg93)
What are invasive species and how do they pose threats to the stability of communities? (pg93)
What is restoration ecology? (pg95)
What influences where biomes are located? (pg96-97)
Define the following biomes:
a. Temporate deciduous forest
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c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Temporate grasslands
Temporate rainforest
Tropical rainforest
Tropical dry forest
Savanna
Desert
Tundra
Boreal forest and
Chaparral