Amphibians Review
#1
Membrane that blinks to keep amphibian
eyes moist on land and closes to cover the
eye when swimming under water.
Nictitating membrane
Deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from
Right atrium
the body enters the _________________
from the
sinus venosus.
These are located in the frog’s skin and help
to keep it moist
Mucous glands
The multi-purpose cavity that receives waste
from the digestive system, urinary bladder, and
sperm and eggs from the reproductive system
before exiting the body.
cloaca
Frogs belong to the
Kingdom :
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Sub Phylum:
Vertebrata
Class:
Amphibia
Order:
Anura
Cold blooded organisms with moist, thin skin,
webbed feet, a 3-chambered heart, that undergo
metamorphosis from a larval to adult stage are
Amphibians
called ____________________
Oxygenated blood returning to the heart from the
Left atrium
lungs enters the _________________
Respiratory organ found in the larval stage
of amphibians
gills
Name the parts of the brain starting at the spinal
cord and moving toward the nose.
Medulla oblongata
Cerebellum
Optic lobes
Cerebrum
Olfactory lobes
Thin fan-like membrane that holds the
digestive organs in place.
mesentery
The upper portion of the small intestine
closest to the stomach is called the
___________________
duodenum
Cutaneous respiration involves exchanging
skin
gases through the ______________
Blood vessels that carry blood away from
arteries
the heart are called ____________________.
Match the brain part to its function:
Controls involuntary body organs
___________________
Medulla oblongata
Higher thinking & learning _______________
cerebrum
Processes info about vision
Optic lobes (tectum)
& hearing _______________
balance & motor coordination ____________
cerebellum
Olfactory lobes
Processes info about smell _______________
Pulmonary respiration uses this body organ.
lungs
The eardrum in a frog is called the
__________________
Tympanic membrane
Name the body system for each organ:
oviducts
Reproductive
kidneys
Excretory
olfactory lobes
Nervous
lungs
Respiratory
Skin
Integumentary/Respiratory
Number of chambers in an amphibian
heart
3
Tail-less amphibians like frogs and
toads belong to the order
_______________
Anura
“An = without uro = tail”
Hormone made by the thyroid gland
that controls metamorphosis
Thyroxin
Digestive organ that produces bile
for the small intestine.
liver
The digestive organ where nutrients are
absorbed from digested food.
Small intestine
Frogs use positive pressure breathing.
They move air in and out by raising
and lowering the
_______________________
Roof of their mouth
Area of the brain for higher thinking that is
responsible for learning, memory, and
reasoning
cerebrum
Small bone that extends between the
tympanic membrane and the inner ear
Columella
Match the part with its function:
Make bile __________________
liver
Gall bladder
store bile __________________
intestine (duodenum)
place where bile is used Small
__________________
gills
respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________
makes trypsin _________
pancreas
Conus arteriosus
A valve in the _________________
prevents
mixing of the high oxygen and low oxygen
carrying blood
Blood leaving the heart travels through
the pulmonary ______________
to the
arteries
lungs.
Match the part with its function:
Processes nitrogen waste for the kidneys
liver
__________________
removes nitrogen waste from blood and makes urine
__________________
kidneys
spleen
removes worn out blood cells __________________
Skin & lungs
respiratory organs in adult frogs _______________
kidneys
excretory organ in adult frogs _____________
Type of circulatory system in a frog
Closed
Open
closed
stomach
Acids in the _______________
helps to
break down food.
Match the part with its function:
Regulates ion/water concentrations in blood
__________________
kidneys
urinary bladder
stores urine __________________
Large intestine
concentrates & collects digestive waste _____________
cloaca
receives urine, feces, & sperm or eggs _____________
pancreas
makes insulin and glucagon _________
Follow the path of blood in the frog circulatory system.
Sinus
venosus

 

RIGHT LEFT
Atrium Atrium


Ventricle


 Body
organs
 Lungs




Conus
arteriosus
Name two respiratory organs in adult
frogs
Lungs and skin
external
Fertilization in frogs is _______________
External
internal
Tell where each mouth opening leads to:
Eustachian tubes
internal nares
glottis
gullet
ears
External nares
Respiratory (lungs)
Digestive (esophagus)
Food stored in the _______________
fat bodies
is used
during hibernation and estivation.
The teeth located on the roof of the frog’s
mouth between the internal nares are called
vomerine
__________________
teeth.
Small sac located on the under the right
lobe of the liver that stores bile.
Gall bladder
TRUE or FALSE
Blood traveling to the lungs in the pulmonary
arteries is HIGH in oxygen.
FALSE
It’s going to the lungs to pick up oxygen.
Main excretory organ in an ADULT frog
Kidneys
Process by which frogs lie dormant through
the winter.
hibernation
Match the part with its function:
Nictitating membrane
Covers eye under water __________________
Fat
bodies
stores food for hibernation/estivation _______________
ileum
Coiled portion of small intestine ________________
between duodenum and large intestine
ventricle
Pumps blood _______________
Tympanic membrane
eardrum _____________
Largest artery leaving the heart
Aorta
Tell one way frog circulation is different
from a fish
Frogs:
3 chamber heart
2 loops
Fish:
2 chamber heart
1 loop
Gradual change in form which occurs
during the life of an amphibian
metamorphosis
This organ makes, stores, and processes red
blood cells
spleen
Openings in the roof of the mouth that
connect to the external nares (nostrils)
Internal nares
Ribbon-like structure located in the
mesentery between the stomach and the
upper intestine
pancreas
Name the 2 parts of the frog circulatory system
that carry BOTH oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood.
Ventricle and Conus Arteriosus
Process by which amphibians lie dormant
through a hot, dry season.
estivation
Explain how AMPLEXUS helps
reproduction in frogs.
With amplexus, sperm and eggs are released
at same time and in the same place so
it increases chance of fertilization
deuterostomes
Frogs are _____________________
that
deuterostomes
protostomes
means their blastopore becomes their
_____________
anus
mouth
anus
vertebrates
Frogs are _________________.
vertebrates
invertebrates
Thyroxin is made by the
_________________.
Thyroid gland
Excretory organs in a TADPOLE
Kidneys & gills
Tell one way adult frog circulation is like a fish
BOTH:
Closed circulation
have conus arteriosus & sinus venosus
ventricle pumps blood
have arteries, veins, & capillaries
SUBSTANCE
BILE
TRYPSIN
GLUCAGON
INSULIN
THYROXIN
MADE BY?
FUNCTION?
LIVER
Breaks down
FATS
PANCREAS
Breaks down
PROTEINS
PANCREAS
Causes cells to
release stored
glucose
PANCREAS
Causes cells to
store glucose
THYROID
GLAND
Controls
metamorphosis
The medulla oblongata controls
Higher thinking
internal organs
muscle coordination
smell
Internal organs
The part of the systemic circulation in which blood
circulates from the heart to the lungs and back to
PULMONARY
the heart is called _________________
circulation.
Region of the frog brain which receives info
from the eyes is the _______________ lobe
Optic
Number of loops in the circulatory system of
amphibians
2 loops;
one to lungs and back
one to body systems and back
The blood vessel that carries blood from the
Pulmonary artery
heart to the lungs is the _______________
Hint: think about what circulation to the lungs is
called and what blood vessels that leave the heart
are called!
Organ which produces eggs
Ovary
Opening to the digestive system in the back
of the throat
Gullet
The circulatory system in which blood
flows from the heart to the body systems
and back to the heart is the
________________
circulation.
Systemic
Teeth located along the upper jaw
Maxillary
Blood returns to the left atrium from the
lungs in the _______________ __________.
Pulmonary veins
Match the function with the body part
Bone between eardrum and inner ear
columella
_____________________
Controls higher thinking, learning,
reasoning, etc. ______________________
cerebrum
Vessels that carry blood away
from heart ________________
arteries
nostrils _________________
External nares
Teeth on roof of mouth _______________
vomerine
Receives blood returning to
heart from lungs ______________________
Left atrium
Organ that produces sperm
Testes
Tube that carries eggs from the
ovary to the cloaca.
Oviduct
LABEL THE PARTS OF THE
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Carries blood from heart to lungs
and back to heart
Carries blood to liver
Carries blood to kidneys
Carries blood to heart itself
Carries from heart to body organs
and back to heart
PULMONARY
HEPATIC
RENAL
CORONARY
SYSTEMIC
The portion of the brain closest to the spinal
cord in a frog.
Medulla oblongata
Eardrum in a frog
Tympanic membrane
Structure where eggs are stored before being
laid is the ______________
Uterus
Tube that carries eggs from the
ovary to the cloaca.
Oviduct
These yellowish fingerlike
structures store fat for
hibernation and times with
little food.
Fat bodies
This reproductive structure in
females makes eggs
ovary
Match the function with the body part
Controls motor coordination
& balance _____________________
cerebellum
glottis
Opening to lungs ______________________
Medulla oblongata
Controls body organs ________________
Tympanic membrane
Eardrum _________________
Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________
gills
Receives blood returning to
Sinus venosus
heart from body ______________________
The thyroid gland belongs to the
__________________
system.
endocrine
During periods of extreme cold
amphibians undergo a dormant time
called ________________.
hibernation
These structures located near
the kidneys make sperm
testes
Name the 3 body systems that share the
cloaca exit cavity.
Digestive, excretory, reproductive
During hot, dry periods amphibians
can undergo a dormant time called
_________________.
estivation
Match the function with the body part
Makes bile _____________________
liver
Gall bladder
Stores bile ______________________
Makes trypsin
pancreas
& other digestive enzymes ________________
Protects the eye underwater ________________
Nictitating membrane
Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________
gills
Receives sperm/eggs,
cloaca
urine, & digestive waste _________________
Match the function with the body part
Place where bile
Small intestine
& trypsin are used _____________________
Upper part of small intestine
duodenum
____________________
ileum
Coiled part of small intestine ________________
Small intestine
Absorbs nutrients ________________
Respiratory organ in adult frogs
Lungs
skin
_____________
& __________
cutaneous
________________
respiration involves
breathing through skin.
Adult amphibians release their
nitrogen waste in the form of
_______
urea which is diluted with water
to make urine.
Tell 2 things that have to change
INSIDE a tadpole as it becomes an
adult.
•Switch from breathing with gills to
breathing with lungs & skin
•switch from excreting ammonia to urea
• add a chamber to heart
•add a loop to circulatory system
•Switch excreting nitrogen waste through
gills & kidneys to just kidneys
THE END